Using food composition tables and differences in nutrient content among varieties of the same species, the presentation makes the case for using biodiversity to achieve nutrient adequacy
This presentation explores some of the factors that influence how long a human being lives, what affects the length of our lives, nutrition effects on life span and how to use diet and nutrition to stay healthy and live long.
Nutritional disease or disorders are associated both with deficiency and excess. Affect masses rather than individuals thus to understand their epidemiology is important but it is too complex.
Overweight And Obesity : Proven Health Risks, We All Should KnowSanjiv Haribhakti
Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in the body that presents a risk to health. Obesity will have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems. According to WHO, Obesity is one of the most serious public health problems of the 21st century. For more info visit :- http://gisurgery.info/player_presentation.php?id=133
This presentation explores some of the factors that influence how long a human being lives, what affects the length of our lives, nutrition effects on life span and how to use diet and nutrition to stay healthy and live long.
Nutritional disease or disorders are associated both with deficiency and excess. Affect masses rather than individuals thus to understand their epidemiology is important but it is too complex.
Overweight And Obesity : Proven Health Risks, We All Should KnowSanjiv Haribhakti
Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in the body that presents a risk to health. Obesity will have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems. According to WHO, Obesity is one of the most serious public health problems of the 21st century. For more info visit :- http://gisurgery.info/player_presentation.php?id=133
Sustainable Management of Biodiversity for Food Security and Nutrition, Jessi...Bioversity International
Jessica Fanzo speaks at the Gorta side event - improving nutrition security through agriculture: ensuring access, quality and resilience. October 21 2011 FAO, Rome as part of celebrations for World Food Day. Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
India is said to be having advantage of well-recorded and well practiced knowledge of traditional herbal medicine. Herbal medicine products are dietary supplements that people take to improve their health. Many herbs have been used for a long time for claimed health benefits. Herbal medicines are the combination of curative experiences of generations of practises of physicians of aboriginal systems of medicine from time immemorial. Herbal medicines are as well in huge demand in the developed world for health care for the reason that they are efficient, safe and have lesser side effects. They offer cure for various diseases which do not have any modern medicine likes memory loss, osteoporosis, immune disorders, etc. Their use in the developed world has also increased. The herbal medicines today symbolize safety in contrast to the synthetics that are regarded as unsafe to human and environment. In the primeval times, the Indian sagacious held the view that herbal medicines are the only resolution to treat numeral health related problems and diseases.
See more: http://goo.gl/O1bSoc
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Herbs are proven to effect AED levels and lower the effectiveness of a patient's epilepsy medication. In some cases, people will benefit from THC; however, some are likely to develop worsening seizures. There have been no positive studies about THC and it is generally agreed that the probable costs outweigh the possible benefits. Nevertheless, It is crucial to stay updated and informed. Lastly, patients should communicate regularly with doctors about current herbal treatments they are trying and research with doctors, the side effects of such herbs.
FAO/INFOODS Global Food Composition Database for PulsesFAO
www.fao.org/pulses-2016/en/ International Year of Pulses - Global Dialogue - The IYP Action Plan: major outputs - Ruth Charrondiere, Nutrition Officer, INFOODS coordinator. Nutrition and Food Systems Division, FAO
Gender and fish aquaculture: A seven country reviewWorldFish
This presentation, by WorldFish gender researchers Surendran Rajaratnam and Cynthia McDougall, looks at the gendered patterns of access to, and benefits from, small-scale aquaculture within and across seven countries that WorldFish works in (Egypt, Nigeria, Tanzania, Zambia, Bangladesh, Cambodia and Myanmar). The presentation was created for the 6th Global Symposium on Gender in Aquaculture and Fisheries on 3-7 August 2016 in Bangkok, Thailand.
Presentation made by Hina Nazli, Amina Mehmood, and Asma Shahzad on October 2, 2014 in Islamabad, Pakistan at the policy seminar "Food Consumption Pattern and Nutritional Status in Pakistan."
FAO’s work on climate change adaptation & the Voluntary guidelines to support...NAP Events
Presentation by: Anna Asfow
4a. Experience with ecosystem-based approaches under the Convention on Biological Diversity
The session will present findings from a synthesis report prepared by the CBD Secretariat on experiences with ecosystem-based approaches to climate change adaptation (EBA) and disaster risk reduction (Eco-DRR). It will provide opportunities for countries to share experiences and discuss ways to mainstream EBA and Eco-DRR into NAPs and other plans and strategies. Participants will be invited to take part in a group exercise to identify gaps and needs, as well as entry points and opportunities for integrating EBA.
Its provides information about nutrition situation in India and its solution. Bio-fortification in the context of horticultural crops and its methods . Global initiatives and Future Challenges associated with bio-fortification.
Nutrition: Africa RISING science, innovations and technologies with scaling p...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Shawkat Begum, Kalpana Sharma, Kindu Mekonnen, Zelalem Lema, Tesfaye Hailu and Mariama Fofanah for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Contribution of the GEF Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition to ‘mainstreaming’; country experiences.
Presentation given by Danny Hunter, Global Project Coordinator, Bioversity International at the side event ' Mainstreaming biodiversity for improved human nutrition and well-being: moving from global initiatives to local action' on the occasion of the 15th Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Rome, Italy - 20th January 2015
Home-grown: Linking farmers to markets in Western KenyaTeresa Borelli
BFN Kenya describes its success in linking smallholder farmers to institutional markets in Western Kenya and in promoting African Leafy Vegetables for improved food and nutrition outcomes
Conserving genetic diversity for food and nutrition in BrazilTeresa Borelli
BFN Brazil describes the process it underwent to identify the main causes of biodiversity loss in Brazil and the steps it undertook to influence existing policies and programs to recognize the importance of biodiversity with nutrition importance
Opportunities for Mainstreaming BFN into Institutional Food Procurement Progr...Teresa Borelli
The presentation describes how the BFN Project in Brazil is influencing existing government initiatives and public policies that regulate the procurement and distribution of food to promote greater use of native biodiversity while linking to local, small-scale producers.
Linking farmers, indigenous vegetables and schools in Western Kenya for impro...Teresa Borelli
In Kenya, where high levels of under-nutrition and overweight and obesity coexist, local foods have the potential to provide ready access to affordable, key micronutrients for healthy and balanced diets. Yet, lack of consumer awareness of the nutritional value of local biodiversity, poorly developed markets and value chains and negative perceptions associated with traditional foods are leading to the underutilization and disappearance of many nutritionally-relevant species as well as the shift to unhealthy eating habits.
ACIAR is supporting research to revive interest in African Leafy Vegetables (ALVs) and to address demand and supply-side constraints linked to the marketing of these local crops. The project is building the capacity of entrepreneurial farmer groups to sustainably produce and respond to market demands for ALVs from institutional markets (such as local schools, clinics etc.). At the same time, preliminary nutrition education interventions are being undertaken in schools and communities in Busia County to increase the appreciation and use of local nutritious biodiversity to improve dietary diversity.
Presentation of BFN activities at the Alacati Herb FestivalTeresa Borelli
Recent successes in BFN activities were presented at the Biodiversity for Food & Nutrition Conference organized in the framework of the Alacati Herb Festival in Turkey in March 2015.
Presentation of BFN activities to SADC countries - Feb 2015Teresa Borelli
The presentations was delivered to a meeting of SADC countries showing how traditional crops can provide useful food alternatives when nutrition and food security is poor and when climate events can cause other crops to fail.
Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition in BrazilTeresa Borelli
Why does Brazil think that agricultural biodiversity matters and how the country is mainstreaming biodiversity for food and nutrition into policies and programs tackling food security
Biodiversity in the shopping basket: policies to sustain a biodiverse dietTeresa Borelli
Enabling policy and market environment are needed for diverse nutritious foods to make their way back into consumer shopping baskets. Examples of success include efforts in India to create markets for nutritious but ‘forgotten’ minor millets, and Brazil’s innovative school feeding programme which demands that 30% of procurement comes from local family farmers.
Contributions of the BFN Project to mainstreaming - country experiencesTeresa Borelli
Through its national partners, the Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition Initiative is contributing to greater policy and public awareness of the role of local, neglected and underutilised foods in achieving more nutritious and varied diets
Providing evidence of the nutritional quality of indigenous cropsTeresa Borelli
The GEF-funded Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition Initiative, led by Brazil, Kenya, Sri Lanka and Turkey – four countries burdened with malnutrition and yet home to a large variety of indigenous foods whose nutritional value remains largely unknown – is generating nutrition data for 140 indigenous species from the four countries. Promising traditional and/or neglected foods with nutrition potential will be used in food-based strategies to tackle malnutrition and increase dietary diversity, for example through school feeding programmes. While developing markets for local nutritious biodiversity, attention will be given to promoting their conservation and sustainable use to avoid over-exploitation.
Integrating Nutrition in Agriculture in SenegalTeresa Borelli
The project aims to reduce malnutrition by adopting a multi-pronged approach that addresses sustainable agricultural production, access to safe drinking water and improving markets and food governance
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Enchancing adoption of Open Source Libraries. A case study on Albumentations.AIVladimir Iglovikov, Ph.D.
Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
Key insights include the importance of automation, making the adoption process seamless, and leveraging offline interactions for marketing. The presentation also emphasizes the need for continuous small improvements and building a friendly, inclusive community that contributes to the project's growth.
Vladimir Iglovikov brings his extensive experience as a Kaggle Grandmaster, ex-Staff ML Engineer at Lyft, sharing valuable lessons and practical advice for anyone looking to enhance the adoption of their open-source projects.
Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
GridMate - End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid...ThomasParaiso2
End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid regressions. In this session, we share our journey building an E2E testing pipeline for GridMate components (LWC and Aura) using Cypress, JSForce, FakerJS…
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
1. Food Composition and
Biodiversity
Barbara Burlingame, PhD
Principal Officer
Nutrition and Consumer Protection Division
FAO
2. INFOODS
• Established in 1984 • Objective: to stimulate
• Under UNU and FAO. and coordinate efforts
to improve the quality
• IUNS Task Force
and availability of food
• Coordination since analysis data
1999 in FAO worldwide
EUROFOODS
NORAMFOODS CARKFOODS
MEFOODS NESIAFOODS
CARICOMFOODS SAARCFOODS
AFROFOODS
LATINFOODS ASEANFOODS
OCEANIAFOODS
4. INFOODS achievements
• Standards and guidelines
• Capacity development
• Tool development: FCDBMS: Compilation Tool
• Publications and Declarations
• Databases and tables
• Laboratory Quality Assurance
• Biodiversity
5. Standards and guidelines
• Component identifiers also called tagnames: Since 1989 over 800
tagnames published
• Food nomenclature (Truswell et al., 1991)
• Interchange of food composition data (Klensin 1992; FAO, 2004)
• Guidelines on compilation of food composition data (Rand et al.,
1991)
• New energy conversion factors (FAO, 2003)
• Food matching guidelines (FAO/INFOODS, 2011) ew
N
• Guidelines on Conversion among different Units, Denominators
and Expressions in preparation w
Ne
• Guidelines on Checking Food Composition Data prior to the
Release of a User Database in preparation w
Ne
6. Capacity development
• Involved in/ co-organized over 20 international
training courses
• Organized 10 training courses
• Published distance learning tool Food composition
Study Guide in English, French and Spanish
together with 12 PowerPoint presentations
summarizing the main points of the modules
7. Publications
Food
Composition
Data
Production,
Management
and Use.
English: 2003
Spanish: 2006
French: 2007
9. Food Composition Study Guide w
Ne
developed by FAO/INFOODS
Objectives
• To reach a wider audience cost-effectively,
which otherwise would never be served
• To assist learners to fill their specific knowledge
gaps and assess their knowledge acquisition
• To assist learners to perform better when
generating, managing or using food
composition data
• To assist teachers to prepare lessons and test
students
Target Population
• self-learners, FoodComp courses, universities:
compilers and users and also analysts;
teachers and students
10. Some examples (3)
Software packages for intake assessment or
labelling
• On INFOODS website ‘softwares’(examples)
– WorldFood Dietary Assessment System
– CBORD
– ESHA Research (commercial): (1) Nutrient Analysis
Programs; (2) Nutrient Processor and (3) on-line Food
Prodigy; http://www.esha.com
• Nutritionist Pro (commercial): (1) Nutritionist Pro™
Knowledge Base (DB); (2) Nutritionist Pro™ Diet
Analysis and (3) Nutritionist Pro™ Food Labeling
http://www.nutritionistpro.com/
• Optifoods (London School of Hygiene and Tropical
Medicince, UK) for recipe/diet formulation meeting
nutrient requirements (under pilot testing)
11. Tool development: FCDBMS
• FCDBMS is needed to compile a FCDB
• FCDBMS exist:
– for national/regional programmes
– commercial products for different uses (e.g. labelling)
– for certain projects
• No FCDBMS exists for international use as yet
• BUT especially developing countries and researchers
do not have the financial means to develop their own
FCDBMS software New
Compilation Tool was developed by FAO/INFOODS to
fill this gap (in Excel allowing data compilation according
to INFOODS standards and to document all data)
12. Publications and Declarations
• Food Composition Data: A User's Perspective (Rand et al., 1987)
• Food Composition Data – production, management and use
(Greenfield & Southgate) In English (2003), Spanish (2006), French
(2007) and Korean (2008)
• Journal of Food Composition and Analysis (JFCA) was the official
INFOODS journal from 1987 to 2010
• Indigenous Peoples' food systems: the many dimensions of culture,
diversity and environment for nutrition and health. (Kuhnlein et al.,
2009) New
• AFROFOODS declaration (2010) New
• Bangkok Declaration (2009) from the 8th International Food Data
Conference w
Ne
13. Laboratory Quality Assurance
• Several proficiency testing (PT) were organized,
especially in ASEANFOODS countries. More PTs
are planned in SAARCFOODS countries
• Strengthening laboratory capacity in food
composition (including accreditation) in the South
Pacific in 2002-2004 through FAO
• ASEAN Manual of Nutrient Analysis (2011) New
14. Databases and tables (1)
• co-published 9 FCTs: ASEANFOODS (2000),
LATINFOODS (2002), Pacific Islands (1994, 2004),
Lesotho (2006), Brazil (2008), Armenia (2011), New
Composition of selected foods in West Africa (2010), New
West African Food Composition Table (2012) New
• FAO/INFOODS Density Database (2011) ew
N
Future work: co-publish more national and regional
FCDBs and DBs on yield and retention factors
15. Databases and tables (2)
• Many FCTs/FCDBs compile data from existing
sources (often USDA) and are not well
documented
• Analytical data are missing especially in developing
countries (specifically minerals and vitamins) and
on food biodiversity
• FAO/INFOODS is compiling FCDBs with solely
analytical data (one for biodiversity and one for all
foods) to avoid reuse of compiled data of
compilations
17. Food Composition
Technical Barrier to Trade
• Nutrient labelling, nutrition claims, health
claims
• RDI’s, DV’s, % contributions
• Identification of food by component
• Identification of components and
methods
• Proportion of ingredients as standards
• Processes affecting nutrient content
• Units of measure and serving size
18. Detentions and Confiscations at US
Decomposition
1% Filth Others
16% 4%
Microbiological
Contamination
16%
Food Additives
4%
Low Acid
Canned Food
30%
Pesticide
Residues
3%
Heavy Metals
Mold 2%
2%
Labelling
21%
19. Bangkok Declaration
The delegates to the 8th International Food Data Conference, in
• Recognizing the importance of food composition data to nearly all
activities in nutrition,
• And the continuing need for quality food composition data for the
sectors of health, agriculture, the environment and food trade,
• Agree to promote the science of food composition in many diverse
forums, including national, regional and international conferences,
• to undertake advocacy in the context of policy and programme
development,
• to insure the integration of food composition principles in relevant
activities,
• and support in various ways the continuing development,
maintenance and updating of food composition databases within
sustainable infrastructures.
20. •Note that the degradation of ecosystems and the
loss of food biodiversity is contributing greatly to
the increases in poverty and malnutrition in Africa;
• Recognize that returning to local crops and
traditional food systems is a prerequisite for
conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity for
food and nutrition; The Door of No Return
• Acknowledge that local foods are the basis for House of the Slaves
African sustainable diets.
Gorée Island
21. •Urge that food composition data be emphasized as the
fundamental information underpinning almost all activities
in the field of nutrition;
• Call upon the sectors of public health, agriculture, and
environment and food trade to help reinforce and assist
with the improvement of food composition data,
particularly on local foods;
• Request that the contribution of food composition be
credited as one of the most important components for
action in nutrition and food quality, food safety, and food
and nutrition security;
22. •We invite all sectors to place AFROFOODS on the
national, regional and international agenda for all food
and nutrition activities in Africa through
interdisciplinary strategic plans for achieving the
relevant MDGs; and therefore, from the Door of
Return of the House of the Slaves of Gorée-Dakar, we
accept the challenge ourselves and send this call for
action to our colleagues, as well as to governments, the
private sector and financial entities, to strengthen
AFROFOODS activities in a renewed commitment to
an African food renaissance.
23. Summary
• INFOODS assist countries through guidelines, tools and DB
• North America and other developed countries are well advanced in
FCDB and applications and are source of data for other countries
• An increasing number of FCTs/FCDB are published, also on-line and
free-of-charge following US example
• Analytical data are still missing for many foods, especially in
developing countries and on food biodiversity and for processed
foods
• Food biodiversity are missing
• These data could then be used to promote food-based approaches
(without or limited fortification and supplementation)
• With more awareness by consumers and agriculture more
nutritious and delicious food supply and more consumers eat
these foods
28. Overweight trends by World Bank
income groupings
Overweight (%)
Source : WHO
CFS
Roma, 14th October 2010
29.
30. Stunting prevalence and number
50
affected in developing countries
48.6 190
Number of stunted (millions)
40.3 39.3
40
37.7 38.2
138
Stunting (%)
30
27.6
23.7 200 150 100 50 0 100
18.1
20
60
13.5
45 51
10
13 10 7
0
1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010
Source: Department of Nutrition, World Health Organization AFRICA ASIA LATIN AMERICA
CFS
Roma, 14th October 2010
31. Overweight prevalence and number
affected in developing countries
Number of overweight (millions)
8.5 18
6.8 6.8 6.9 14 13
Overweight (%)
13
5.7
20 0 15 10 5 0
4.9
6 4 2
4
3.7 7
3.2
4
4 4 4
1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010
Source: Department of Nutrition, World Health Organization AFRICA ASIA LATIN AMERICA
CFS
Roma, 14th October 2010
32.
33. Millennium Development Goals
Goal 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and
hunger
– Reduce by half the proportion of people who
suffer from hunger
Goal 7. Ensure environmental
sustainability
– reverse the loss of environmental resources
– reduce biodiversity loss
34. CBD Conference of the Parties
Decision VII/32 (Kuala Lumpur, 2004)
• Noting the linkage between biodiversity, food and nutrition and the
need to enhance sustainable use of biodiversity to combat hunger
and malnutrition, and thereby contribute to target 2 of goal 1 of the
Millennium Development Goals
• Requests ...FAO ...to...bring forward options for consideration by the
Conference of the Parties at its eighth meeting for a cross-cutting
initiative on biodiversity for food and nutrition...to work together
with relevant organizations, in order to strengthen existing
initiatives on food and nutrition, enhance synergies and fully
integrate biodiversity concerns into their work.
Decision VIII/23A (Curitiba, 2006)
• Adopts the framework for a cross-cutting initiative on biodiversity
for food and nutrition.
The COP is the governing body of the Convention, and advances implementation of the Convention
through the decisions it takes at its periodic meetings.
36. Food Biodiversity w
• Ne
Two Nutritional Indicators for Biodiversity in English,
French and Spanish:
1. on food composition (FAO, 2008) yearly reporting (in 2008
over 4700 foods reported, in 2011 a total of 12800 mainly from
scientific literature)
2. on food consumption (2010 and 2011) reporting every
second year (in 2009 over 3000 food reported in food
consumption surveys on food biodiversity, in 2011 increase to
4900 foods)
• FAO/INFOODS Food Composition Database for New
Biodiversity. Only analytical data. First edition in 2010
with 2400 foods, in 2011 with 2600 foods, and in April
2012 over 6000 foods
37. Biodiversity & Nutrition Rationale
• Wild species and intraspecies biodiversity have key roles in
global food and nutrition security
• Different varieties have statistically different nutrient contents
• Acquiring nutrient data on existing biodiversity needs to be a
prerequisite for decision-making in GMO work
• Nutrient content needs to be among criteria in cultivar
promotion
• Sample and generate nutrient data for wild foods and
individual cultivars
• Compile these data systematically and centrally and
disseminate widely
• Include biodiversity questions and/or prompts in food
consumption surveys
• Acquiring nutrient data and intake data for varieties is
essential in order to understand the impact of biodiversity on
food security
38. Food Biodiversity
Resource Nutrient
Wheat, cultivated Triticum Protein, amino acids,
and wild four species B-vitamins, vitamin
100+ varieties E, fatty acids
Apricots Prunus armeniaca, ß-carotene, lutein,
more than 140 lycopene,
varieties anthocyanins,
vitamin C
Grapes Vitis vinifera Vitamin C, organic
Thousands of varieties acids, anthocyanins,
resveratrol, many
phytochemicals
41. International Rice Commission
20th Session
The Commission recommended that:
• Existing biodiversity of rice varieties and their
nutritional composition need to be explored before
engaging in transgenics.
• Nutrient content needs to be among the criteria in
cultivar promotion.
• Cultivar-specific nutrient analysis and data
dissemination should be systematically
undertaken.
FAO (2002). Report of the International Rice Commission 20th Session (23-26 July 2002,
Bangkok). FAO, Rome.
42. Traditional use and availability of aquatic biodiversity
in rice-based ecosystems
Cambodia China Laos
Fish 70 52 27
Crustaceans 6 2 5
Molluscs 1 4 8
Amphibians 2 4 10
Insects 2 3 16
Reptiles 8 - 7
Aquatic Plants 13 19 20
Total 102 84 93
Source: Balzer, Balzer, Pon, 2002; Luo, Xaypladeth
43. International Rice Commission
20th Session
The Commission recommended that:
• Member countries should promote the sustainable
development of aquatic biodiversity in rice-based
ecosystems and policy decisions and management
measures should enhance the living aquatic resource
base.
• In areas where wild fish are depleted, rice-fish farming
should be considered as a means of enhancing food
security and securing sustainable rural development.
• Attention should be given to the nutritional contribution of
aquatic organisms in the diet of rural people who
produce or depend on rice.
FAO (2002). Report of the International Rice Commission 20th Session (23-26 July 2002,
Bangkok). FAO, Rome.
44. Sweet potato varieties:
α - and β-carotene, mg/100g fresh wt
Variety %Moisture β-carotene α-carotene
Orange Flesh
Excel 77.8 (0.8) 12.8 (0.1) < 0.1
Kona B # 77.8 (0.6) 6.7 (0.2) 1.5 (0.2)
Regal 77.2 (2.1) 13.1 (0.7) < 0.1
UH 71-5 # 70.3 (1.1) 8.0 (0.1) < 0.1
Yellow/White Flesh
Hoolehua Red # 70.4 (2.7) 0.2 (0.1) < 0.1
Satsuma # 68.3 (0.2) 0.6 (0.1) < 0.1
n=6, values in parentheses are standard errors. # Varieties are recommended by the University of Hawaii Extension
Service for good yield and disease resistance. Source: A. S. Huang, L. Tanudjaja, D. Lum. Journal of Food
Composition and Analysis, Vol. 12, No. 2, Jun 1999, pp. 147-151.
47. Impact of food biodiversity on dietary
adequacy
Banana β-carotene Banana intake Vitamin A %RDI for vitamin A
content in in Philippines intake through covered by banana
mcg/100 g in g/d/p banana in intake
mcg RE/d/p
USDA 26 93 4 0.7
Lacatan 360 93 56 9.3
Utin Iap 8510 93 1320 220
48. 26th FAO REGIONAL CONFERENCE FOR EUROPE
Innsbruck, Austria, 26-27 June 2008
•
Promotion of Traditional Regional
Agricultural and Food Products: A Further Step
Towards Sustainable Rural Development
The Conference
• Many delegations highlighted the Mediterranean Diet as rich in
biodiversity and nutritionally healthy. The promotion of the
Mediterranean Diet could play a beneficial role in the sustainable
development of agriculture in the Mediterranean region.
• remarked that the goal of increased global food production,
including bio fuel, should be balanced against the need to protect
biodiversity, ecosystems, traditional foods and traditional
agricultural practices.
54. Definition of
Sustainable Diets
Sustainable Diets are those diets with low
environmental impacts which contribute to food and
nutrition security and to healthy life for present and
future generations. Sustainable diets are protective and
respectful of biodiversity and ecosystems, culturally
acceptable, accessible, economically fair and
affordable; nutritionally adequate, safe and healthy;
while optimizing natural and human resources.
55. Code of Conduct for Sustainable Diets
Premable
• Recognizing that the health of humans cannot be isolated
from the health of ecosystems;
• Conscious that food is an unequalled way of providing
ideal nutrition for all ages and life cycles/stages;
• Recognizing that the conservation and sustainable use of
food biodiversity is an important part of human and
ecosystem well-being;
• Recognizing that when ecosystems are able to support
sustainable diets, nutrition programmes, policies and
interventions supporting the use of supplements, RUTF,
fortificants, and infant formulas are inappropriate and can
lead to malnutrition, and that the marketing of these food
substitutes and related products can contribute to major
public health problems...
56. WATER
Animal protein
“costs” more water
protein content and
protein quality
calculations
calculations per
100g dry matter
protein waste with
intakes above
recommendations
= water waste
water cost for other
foods+nutrients
57. Livestock
Composition of milk from minor dairy
animals and buffalo breeds: a
biodiversity perspective
Elinor Medhammar, Ramani Wijesinha-
Bettoni, Barbara Stadlmayr, Emma Nilsson,
Ute Ruth Charrondiere, Barbara Burlingame
59. COP 10
• Tackle destructive
impacts of food
production
• Plan how the world
achieves food
security before
ecosystems reach
critical tipping points
• Address the root
cause of the problem:
the ways in which we
meet our need for
food.
60. Biodiversity and nutrition
• Dietary energy supply can be
satisfied without diversity
• Micronutrient supply cannot be
satisfied without diversity
Editor's Notes
In developing countries, stunting remains the biggest problem (29%) with relative decrease of 20% per ten-year period, followed by wasting which shows a persistent rate around 10% for the last 20 years In Africa, stunting stagnated at ~ 40% which translates into increasing numbers of stunted children (from 45 million in 1990 to 60 million in 2010) Asia, in contrast, with a prevalence of 28%, nearly halved the number of stunted children over the last 20 years from 190 million (1990) to 100 million (2010)
43 million children worldwide Globally, overweight increased from 4% to 7%, with highest rates in developed countries (12%) followed by Africa (9%) and Latin America (7%)
Acknowledgements are made to the support in FSM, including the key informants in Pohnpei and Kosrae, including Dr E Pretrick, Ms J Elymore, Dr E Johnson, Mr W Raynor, Ms J Timothy, Mr R Livaie, Ms P Jackson, Dr H Ismael, and Mr Nena Nena, as well as the persons providing rare samples. The funding agencies are also acknowledged for their financial support including the Task Force Sight and Life, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, The Thrasher Research Fund, and the FSM National Government. Without the support of these people and agencies, this sudy could not have been carried out.