The document discusses automatic power factor controllers (APFC). It defines power factor and explains how inductive loads can cause low power factors. An APFC automatically switches capacitors to improve the power factor as loads vary. This reduces electricity bills, demand charges, losses, and improves voltage regulation. APFC panels ranging from 10 to 300kVar are presented along with their benefits like cost savings, better equipment performance, and reduced infrastructure needs. APFCs are recommended for various industrial and commercial applications.

1. MV/LV Panel Business
12.12. 2014
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

2. CONFIDENTIAL
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A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)
What is power factor?
The power factor is the cosine of the angle
between Active power and Apparent power.
Power Factor (Cos Ø ) = Active power (kW) / Apparent
power(kVA)
kVA = √{(kW)2+(kVAr)2}
kW = kVA x Cos Ø
tan Ø = kVAr/ kW
Modern Power network cater to a wide variety of electrical
and power electronic loads, which create a varying power
demand on the supply system. It therefore becomes
practically difficult to maintain a consistent power factor
by the use of fixed compensation i.e. fixed capacitor to be
manually switched ON and OFF to suit the variation of the
load. This will lead to situation where the installation can
have a low power factor causing higher demand charges
and levy of power factor penalties.

3. CONFIDENTIAL
Origin of Low Power Factor
Most of the industrial loads are inductive in nature, i.e., lagging loads, so the
power factor is low or very poor that depends on the capacity of the reactive
power. These reactive loads include electric motors, induction heaters, furnaces,
lamp ballast, A.Cs, Computers, etc. These loads cause the currents to lag the
voltages with some angle resulting in poor power factor.
● This low power factor draws high internal current which in turn creates
excessive heat in the equipments, huge voltage drop offs and poor voltage
regulation.
● The main aspect is that a power supply company imposes a penalty for the
low power factor in the electricity bills.
● Keeping the above things in mind, one can say that the power factor must be
corrected for a better utilization of the power, and to overcome all the
drawbacks.
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

4. CONFIDENTIAL
Why Need to Improve Low Power Factor?
• More kVA demand for the given kW load and penalty for poor power factor, hence higher
running cost (electricity bill).
• More line current for the given kW load and hence higher rated transformer, switchgears and
cables are required, hence higher capital cost.
• More line current for the given kW load- poor utilization of all electrical distribution network
and hence poor return on investment.
• Higher voltage drops in the distribution network hence poor performance of electrical
equipments resulting in production loss.
• Higher voltage fluctuations hence damage to electrical equipments resulting in production
loss.
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

5. CONFIDENTIAL
Benefits of Improved Power factor.
●Eliminate Power Factor charges.
●Reduce electricity costs.
●Reduce current and kVA demand.
●Reduce kVA demand & demand charges.
●Reduce system power losses.
●Increase kVA available from transformers.
●Improve facility voltage levels.
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

6. CONFIDENTIAL
Hence the Saving = (Earlier Tariff - Tariff after Improvement)
= (14541.12- 11309.76) = 3231.36 Rs./-
Annually extra cost Paid by consumer (approx) - 3231.36 X 12 = 38776.32 Rs/yr (Approx)
So you are losing Rs.38, 776.32 / every year.
Which can be recovered by using Automatic Power Factor Control Panel (APFC), which will cost you
Rs.34,000/ and this amount will be recovered within a year.
Thus it will lower down the Energy Consumption and maintain the Voltage in system which will bring down the MDI of an
organization.
Besides this, in company accounting as shown in the attached CA recommendation, this equipment would qualify
for Depreciation Allowance under the Income Tax Act 1961 to a rate of 80%.
Hence almost all the cost which one organisation will pay initially will be recovered in first year itself.
So AMTL APFC Panel is the best energy saving device available in the market is made by dedicated team of Engineers who
are constantly work for the improving energy efficiency through their research, audit and advisory services.
Typical case study of a virtual Company Present Details:
Power Factor Connected Load
(KVA)
Current KWH Current KVAH Current Tariff @
Rs. 5 per unit
0.7 35 1885 2693 14541.12
After installation of Automatic Power Factor Control Panel, the improved Electrical System:-
Improved Power
Factor
Connected Load
(KVA)
KWH Improved KVAH Improved Tariff @
Rs. 5 per unit
0.98 35 1885 2094.4 11309.76
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

7. CONFIDENTIAL
How can I improve a low Power Factor ?
The simplest way to improve Power Factor is to install a Power Factor Correction unit at your
site.
Power factor correction units consist of capacitors which act as reactive current generators. By
providing the reactive power, they reduce the total amount of power you must draw from
the network.
Power Factor Improvement.
Switched capacitors method is widely recognized method of minimizing the losses through a
reactive power consumption.
In many industries, larger APFC panels are installed in parallel to the loads where in a set of
capacitors are switched-on prior to correcting the power factor.
AMTL provides APFC panels from 10 Kvar to 600 Kvar rating;
-Wall mounted panels up to 75 Kvar.
-Floor mounted panels up to 350 Kvar & other rating on request will be provided.
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

8. CONFIDENTIAL
Recommendation By CA for Accounting in Book of Account
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

9. CONFIDENTIAL
Automatic Power Factor Control Panel
(Energy Saving Device)
Technical Data* Automatic Power Correction Unit
Mechanical Structure
Reference Standard
MCB/MCCB
Wiring
Frequency
Rated Voltage
Auxiliary Voltage
Mains Voltage
Contactors
Capacitors
Thyristors
Power Supply
Protection Degree
Cooling
Temperature class
Power factor controller
Sheet steel, protected against corrosion by
phosphating treatment.
As per IEC 61921/IS 8623
All capacitors are protected by a leading brand
of breakers for reliable and trouble free
operation.
Flame retardant cables. Aux. circuits are
identi?ed as in electrical drawing.
50 Hz
415 Vac
230 Vac
415 Vac
Each bank of capacitors is controlled by a three
pole contactor to limit the inrush current peaks,
each contactor is provided with insertion resistor.
Self-healing metalized polypropylene equipped
with over-pressure safety device and discharge
resistor.
Thyristor switching at zero crossing.
Cable entry from bottom.
Exhaust Fans
Friendly user intelligent microprocessor based
APFC relay.
10 C to +50 C-
* Speci?cations can be altered as per Client’s requirement.
External protection rating : IP 55
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A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

10. CONFIDENTIAL
Automatic Power Factor Control Panel & Standard Ranges
Description Steps Panel Size Price
10 Kvar 4 450X300X150 On
Request
20 Kvar 4 400X400X300 On
Request.
35 Kvar 6 600X600X300 On
Request
55 Kvar 6 600X600X300 On
Request
75 Kvar 8 1200X800X300 On
Request
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

11. CONFIDENTIAL
Description Steps Panel Size Price
100 Kvar 8 1200X800X300 On
Request
150 Kvar 8 1800X800X600 On
Request
.
200 Kvar 8 1800X800X600 On
Request
250 Kvar 12 2000X800X600 On
Request
300 Kvar 12 1200X800X600 On
Request
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)
Automatic Power Factor Control Panel & Standard Ranges

12. CONFIDENTIAL
APFC
Controller
RYB Indicating Light
Auto Manual Switch
Red Indicating Lights for
Capacitor Banks
Toggle Switches
Filter
Door Lock
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

13. CONFIDENTIAL
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A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)
IncIncomer
MCB / MCCB for Branch Protection
Contactors
Capacitor Bank
RYB BUS BAR
APFC
Controller

14. CONFIDENTIAL
BENEFITS OF APFC
APFCpanelare fullyautomatic in operationand each can beusetoachieve consistently speci?ed
powerfactorunder ?uctuatingload condition.
Reduces kVA(Maximumdemand) chargesin utility bill.
Reduces distribution losses (KWH) withinthe plant network.
Better voltageat motor terminals and improved performance of motors.
Optimum powerfactoreliminates penalty charges imposed whenoperating with a lowpowerfactor.
Investment onsystemfacilities suchastransformers, cables, switchgearsetc fordelivering load is
reduced.
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A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

15. CONFIDENTIAL
APPLICATIONS
♦ Distribution Substations, Power Stations, Call Centres.
♦ Printing industries, Textile industries, Pharmaceutical industries, Dairy&
Milk Products, Chemical plants, Machine shops, CNC Machine, Food
Processing industries, Automobiles Industries, Oil refineries, Paper Mills,
Plastics factories, Process industries, sawmills, Steel plants, Water
treatment plants.
♦ Real Estates, Hospitals, Hotels, shopping malls, Super markets,
Corporate buildings, Data Centres, Schools.
♦ Airports, Railway, Metros.
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

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Customers to be Focused for APFC & LV Panels
• Industrial Units Small ,Medium & Large –Steel Industries, Sugar Mills
• Approval by Consultants.
•Prescription Business though Executive Engineer,SDO,JE,Contrators
•Through Energy Audit Team/ EPC Recommendations.
• New High Rise Buildings where Prepaid meters are Installed.
• Tenders Business of Public sectors & Big Corporate
• Houses > 10 KW loads
• City Infrastructure(Hospitals /Schools/Colleges/ Ban quote Halls) /Subways/Airports
• Through Mailer & Calling.
•Replacement Market.
•All India State Electricity Boards through tenders
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)

17. CONFIDENTIAL
Thanks
A.P.F.C( Automatic Power Factor Controller)
Contact:
Advance Metering Technology Ltd.
B-189,Noida Phase-II
Noida-201305, U.P, India
Tel.:+91 120-4531400; Fax. +91 120-4531402
Cell No: + 91 9868101833
Visit Us: www.pkrgroup.in
Email: sales@pkrgroup.in