Presentación del ponente D. David Andrews de UCL Mechanical Engineering, London College, en la Jornada Transnacional "Demostración Tecnológica en la Industria Auxiliar del Naval" Realizada el 26 de enero de 2010, en Santiago de Compostela

1. Design Issues
for Naval Auxiliaries
David Andrews, FREng, RCNC
Professor of Engineering Design
Design Research Centre, Marine Research Group
University College London

2. Introduction – The UCL DRC
• Professor David Andrews FREng
• Computer Aided Preliminary Ship Design
• Ship Design Methodology
• The Design Environment
• Design of Unconventional Vessels
• Design Assessments and Reviews
• Technical research projects

3. Atypical naval architect
• Warship Project Manager – new amphibious
shipping (LPD, LPH, ATS) plus Royal Yacht study
• Future Projects PM – New concepts CVF, AO,
FASM, FSC and Trimaran
• Professor of Naval Architecture UCL – Trimaran
and SURFCON research
• Director Surface Ships – Building Frigates and
MCMVs plus new FSC plus R. V. TRITON
• Professor Engineering Design UCL – Preliminary
design of complex entities

4. Landing Ship Dock

5. RFA ARGUS

6. HMRY Replacement

7. Research Vessel TRITON

8. Some Thoughts on Naval Ship Design

9. Some Thoughts on Naval Ship Design
• NSS are designed and built very frequently and
are all different for very good reasons

10. Some Thoughts on Naval Ship Design
• NSS are designed and built very frequently and
are all different for very good reasons
• Ship Characteristics tend to dominate the overall
design – weight dominated by structure,
space/form by personnel + propulsion,
topside/development costs by combat system

11. Some Thoughts on Naval Ship Design
• NSS are designed and built very frequently and
are all different for very good reasons
• Ship Characteristics tend to dominate the overall
design – weight dominated by structure,
space/form by personnel + propulsion,
topside/development costs by combat system
• Innovation in Design Characteristics can be battle
winning
- need to explore at initial stages – this can
change the Requirements (e.g. Trimaran and helo
fit)

12. Some Thoughts on Naval Ship Design

13. Some Thoughts on Naval Ship Design
• NSS are designed and built very frequently and are all
different for very good reasons
• Ship Characteristics tend to dominate the overall design –
weight dominated by structure, space/form by personnel +
propulsion, topside/development costs by combat system
• Innovation in Design Characteristics can be battle winning
- need to explore at initial stages – this can change the
Requirements (e.g. Trimaran and helo fit)
• S5 - STYLE (robustness, adapt, TLC, lean manning, etc)
scope for innovation AND we now have the tools to
explore options

14. Design Building Block realisation -
Surface Ship Concept Tool SURFCON

15. Implementation in PARAMARINE
Tabular
Hierarchical Graphical
Assessments

16. Functional Groups
FLOAT (& Access) MOVE
FIGHT INFASTRUCTURE

17. Example DRC Warship Design Studies
• Mothership Studies with BMT DSL for MoD
• JSS study for Canadian JSS bid team

18. UCL Mothership Studies

19. Summary of Studies
Deep
Study Ballast Speed Accommodation
Displacement
te te knots
Dock Ship 32000 25100 18/25 368
Command Variant 32200 25100 18/25 368
Support Variant 34000 27000 18/25 412
Heavy Lift Ship 38000 49300 18/25 368
Crane Ship 25500 4000 18/25 257
Fast Crane Ship 46200 6900 40 257
Gantry Ship 25500 1650 18/25 247
Deep Draught Ship 45700 18800 18/25 247
SSK Dock Ship 20650 35500 18/25 172

20. UCL Canadian JSS Study – Tree of
configurational studies

21. Four Initial Studies

22. Four Initial Studies

23. Four Initial Studies

24. Four Initial Studies

25. Two Refined Studies

26. Two Refined Studies

27. Joint Support Ship

28. Damaged Stability Assessment: Worst Case

29. Float

30. Fight

31. JSS - Final Developed Configuration
Dimension Value Unit Condition Displacement Unit
Length WL 186 m NTG
Length OA 196 m Deep 33297 te
Beam WL 29.8 m Light 21602 te
Beam OA 31 m Light Sea Going 20728 te
Double Hull 1.5 m Working 26879 te
Depth MS 19.3 m JFS
Max Draught 9.3 m Deep 26193 te
Max Air Draught 39 m Light 21602 te
Min Deckhead 2.75 m Light Sea Going 22208 te
Enclosed Volume 121600 m3 Working 23125 te

32. Survivability
• Susceptibility
– Probability of being hit
• Vulnerability
– Probability of being disabled when hit
• Recoverability
– Probability of rectifying the disability after being hit
• Probability of survival = 1 – (S x V x (1 – R))

33. Vulnerability Assessment
• For determining the probability of ship’s systems
surviving a particular weapon detonation
• Example analyses
– Simulation of structures and ship services affected
– Crew casualty analysis
– Validated against test trials

34. Vulnerability Reduction
• Prevention of sinking
– High level of compartmentation and genuine watertight integrity
• Preservation of functionality
– Duplication of systems, zoning
• Damage Control and Firefighting
– Damage Control parties, Zone boundaries, HVAC zoned
• Magazine protection
– Low, armour, spray / flood

35. Adapting Merchant Shipping
• Weapon fit
– Unlikely except for non-lethal weapons
• Sensors and communications
– Close – in, CCTV, better comms
• Protection
– Protect bridge and ship control centre, duplicate
• Survivability
– Improved damage resistance, citadels, (N)BC
• Configuration
– Evacuation but also zoning?

36. Simulation in Preliminary Warship Design -
“Guidance on the Design of Ships for Enhanced
Escape and Operations”
1. To explore the impact on naval ship configurational design of issues
associated with crew manning numbers, function and movement.
2. To identify key performance measures for successful crew performance
in normal and extreme conditions.
3. To extend the ship evacuation software maritimeEXODUS to include
additional non-emergency personnel movement simulation capabilities.
4. To extend the ship design software so that it can provide a modelling
environment that interactively accepts maritimeEXODUS simulation output
for a range of crew evolutions.
5. To demonstrate a methodology for ship design that integrates ship
configuration design with modelling of a range of crewing simulation issues
through PARAMARINE-SURFCON.

37. Additional Design Model Features for
Personnel Simulation: Connectivity Items
Doors in SURFCON
Nodal crowding points

38. VRML Visualisation Tool

39. VRML Visualisation Tool

40. What Simulation Could Bring to Preliminary Ship
Design
• Believable solutions
– Both technically balanced and descriptive
• Coherent solutions
– Dialogue with the customer more than numerical measures
– Include visual representation
• Open methods
– Responsive to the issues that matter to the customer
– Elucidated from the customer or user teams
• Revelatory
– Likely design drivers are identified early
– Aids effective design exploration
• Creative
– Options are not closed down
– Rather they are fostered
• The “fifth S” - STYLE

41. Why Ship Synthesis should be 3 Dimensional
- Improve Initial Design
• Naval ships need to be less costly - need to
better understand what is wanted - achieve
through 3-D informed dialogue

42. Why Ship Synthesis should be 3 Dimensional
- Improve Initial Design
• Naval ships need to be less costly - need to better
understand what is wanted - 3-D informed dialogue
• More information rich to avoid mistakes (see DJA’s
listing below). Achievable by better articulation
through 3-D informed dialogue.
• - Type 23 and choice of cellularity
• - FOST ferries not being multihull
• - LPH merchantship standards
• - delay to FSC
• - seeing FSC (C1) as “too big”
• - CVF survivability standard

43. Why Ship Synthesis should be 3 Dimensional
- Improve Initial Design
• Naval ships need to be less costly - need to better
understand what is wanted - 3-D informed
dialogue
• More information rich to avoid mistakes (see DJA
UK list) by better articulation through 3-D dialogue
• Better articulate design issues to wider world
(All Stakeholders - wider Navy, MoD, the rest
of government and to parliament, the media
and the public )

44. http://www.mecheng.ucl.ac.uk
/research/marine-systems/design-research/

45. Trimaran LCS Study –
Fly-around of Final Design