4. A movable fold of skin and muscle that
can be closed over the eyeball or opened
at will. Each eye has an upper and a lower
lid; also known as a palpebra.
6. FUNCTIONS
• Provide physical protection to the eye .
• Prevent drying of the eyes.
• Ensuring normal tear film and drainage.
• Secrete the oily part of the tear film.
7. APPLIED ANATOMY
• Acts as shutters, protecting eyes from injuries and excessive
light.
• Also helps in spreading tear film over cornea and conjunctiva.
• Helps in drainage of tears.
• Parts – 2
Orbital
Tarsal
13. Eyelid swelling usually results from eyelid disorders
but may result from disorders in and around the orbit
or from systemic disorders that cause generalized
oedema.
14. OEDEMATOUS CONDITIONS OF EYELID
• Common, because of the looseness of tissue
• 3 types Inflammatory
oedema
Passive
oedema
Solid
oedema
17. SOLID OEDEMA OF EYELID
• Chronic thickening of eyelids.
• Hard on palpation.
18. PASSIVE OEDEMA OF LIDS
Secondary oedema due to local or general causes
1. Local – head injury, angioneurotic oedema
2. General – renal failure, severe anaemia
19. ANGIO OEDEMA OF EYE
• Swelling of the lower layer of
skin and tissue just under the
skin or mucous membranes.
• May occur in the face,
tongue, larynx, abdomen, or
arms and legs.
20. COMMON CONDITIONS WITH
EYELID SWELLING
Blepharitis
Stye / External Hordeolum
Chalazion
Internal hordeolum
Dacryoadenitis
Dacryocystitis
21. BLEPHARITIS
• The inflammation of margin of eyelids
and lacrimal gland.
• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
-Crusting around the eyes.
-Tearing.
-Burning sensation
-Itching
-Foreign body sensation
22. CHALAZION
• Chronic non infective granulomatous
inflammation of Meibomian Gland
• Painless, firm swelling away from lid
margin
• Upper lid is more affected
• Associated congestion in Conjunctiva
• Mild heaviness of lids
• Mechanical ptosis
23. Acute suppurative inflammation of glands
of Zeiss and glands of Moll
• Acute pain
• Lid swelling
• Mild watering from eyes
STYE / EXTERNAL HORDEOLUM
25. INTERNAL HORDEOLUM
• Suppurative inflammation of
Meibomian gland.
• PRIMARY – Staphylococcal infection
• SECONDARY – Infected chalazion
• Signs and symptoms same as Stye,
but away from lid margin.
• Intensity of pain is more
26. DACRYOADENITIS
• Inflammation of the lacrimal gland .
• Circumscribed mass in outer 1/3rd of
upper lid.
• Unilateral pain.
• Redness.
27. DACRYOCYSTITIS
• Inflammation of the lacrimal sac and duct .
• Pain, redness and swelling over the medial aspect of the lower eyelid
.
• May be associated with watering and fever.
• Mucoid or purulent discharge is seen when pressure is applied over
the lacrimal sac.
28. Orbital
cellulitis
Infection of the
soft tissues
within the orbit,
posterior to the
orbital septum,
due to spread
from local sinus
disease.
Red, swollen, tender
eyelid; extraocular
movements limited due
to pain or oedema; vision
changes, diplopia; in
children, fever and ill
appearance.
Preseptal
cellulitis
Infection of lid
tissues around
the orbit, often
with local skin
defect .
Red, swollen, tender
eyelid; full extraocular
movements; no vision
changes
LOCAL INFECTIONS
29. LID OEDEMA DUE TO
SUPERFICIAL SKIN
PATHOLOGIES
• Atopic dermatitis
• Capillary hemangioma
• Contact dermatitis
30. LID OEDEMA DUE TO MASS EFFECT
FROM THE ORBIT
• Autoimmune orbital mass effect
• Cavernous sinus thrombosis
• Endophthalmitis
• Orbital neoplasm
31. GENERAL EVALUATION OF LID OEDEMA
• Proper history taking
• Torch light examination
• Lid examination –eversion
• Slit lamp examination
• Examination of systemic
causes. (Lab investigations)
• CT
• MRI
41. CONCLUSION
• The differential diagnosis of eyelid oedema is extensive but knowledge
of the key features of several potential causes can assist physicians in
diagnosing this condition.
• Systemic disorders such as myxoedema, renal diseases, and superior
vena cava syndrome may manifest with peri-orbital oedema.
• So particular attention must be paid to visual clues, exposures and
other historical factors in the work-up of patients with eyelid oedema.
42. REFERENCES
Parson’s diseases of eye.
Textbook of ophthalmology, A. K. Khurana.
Ashtanga Hridayam
Susrutha Samhitha
Madhava Nidanam
Sarngadhara Samhitha
Differential diagnosis of swollen red eyelid, Art Papier & David. J.
Tuttle
Editor's Notes
Upper lid – covers 1/6 of cornea
Lower lid – just touches the limbus.
Medial part – from puncta to medial canthus
Lateral part – from lateral canthus to puncta
uncommon cutaneous condition characterized by a hard, nonpitting oedema restricted to the forehead, glabella, upper eyelids, nose, and cheeks.
Rosacea is a long-term skin condition that typically affects the face. It results in redness, pimples, swelling, and small and superficial dilated blood vessels. Often the nose, cheeks, forehead, and chin are most involved.[3]
The swelling may occur in the face, tongue, larynx, abdomen, or arms and legs.
It is mainly due to an allergic reaction to agents such as insect bites, foods, or medications.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Inflammation of the base of the eyelashes and/ or distal aspects of the eyelids; inflammation of the lacrimal gland
Word comes from Greek – Chalaza – means egg yolk.
Also known as Tarsal cyst or Meibomian cyst.
S-shaped upper eyelid.
CT AND MRI TO rule out orbital cellulitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis etc
