1. Submitted By:
Mr. ASIF ALI (K13EL-49)
Mr. ALI MUHAMMAD (K13EL-19)
Mr. MOUZAM ALI (K13EL-37)
MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERINGTECHNOLOGY
SZAB CAMPUS KHAIRPURMIR’S
(15 DAYS INTERNSHIP REPORT)

3. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
‘In the name of Allah, the most Gracious, the most merciful’
“All praises for Almighty Allah, who guides us in darkness and helps us in difficulties
and due respect for Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) who enables us to recognize our
creator.”
First, we would like to thanks Almighty Allah who gave us strength to complete
challenging tasks & His blessings that He provided me confidence, guidance & strength
to complete this report. The journey has not finished yet and we pray to Him to show us
the straight path & help us more in future as we nothing without His blessings.
Writing an internship report appeared to be a great experience for us. It added a lot to us
knowledge. Completion of internship report is not an easy task. It requires continuous
hard work. Completion of this report would have not been possible without the support of
all staff of HR department to whom I interacted and concerned field department. We would like
to thanks especially Mr. MUZAMIL SALEEM (GM), Mr. ANWER SAHB (DPM) Mr.
FARHAN AHMED (senior plant manager) , Mr. AB,RAZAQUE (senior power house
manager) and other engineers and field workers to their practical guidance and personal interest
by which we become able to complete this task.
Very special thank to all our dear teachers that build our personality and enable us to do
some creative work be a successful person in practical life. We are responsible for errors and
mistakes presented in the report and a positive and constructive criticism will always be greeted
warmth.

4. SECTION NO:01 WARPING
SECTION:02 SIZING
SIZING
WARPING
SECTION WARPING
&SIZING(H-SHAPPED
CRIAL) & 800 SPEED
DIRECT WARPING
(H-SHAPPEDCRIAL)
BENGER WARPING(1200
SPEED)
CHINNA WARPING
(700 SPEED)
KUCUKER WARPING(1200 SPEED)
BEST AUTOMATIC SYSTEM
SIZING
KUCKER SIZING BEN SIZING

5. SECTION:03 WEAVING
Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are
interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth. Similar methods are knitting, felting,
and braiding or plaiting. The longitudinal threads are called the warp and the lateral threads are
the weft or filling. In Afroze there are 72 looms are used each having same working.
LOOM:
A loom is a device used to weave cloth and tapestry. The basic purpose of any loom is to hold
the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads. The precise
shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but the basic function is the same Toyota 710
loom used in an industry.

6. SENSORSUSED IN LOOM:
Different sensors are used in loom as,
(1) Feeler sensor: which sense when thread breaks.
(2) Metal sensor: which sense beam if it will be in front of it then it sense in working
condition otherwise not.
(3) Proximity sensor: it counts number of turns.
(4) Balloon sensor: it sense how much thread is used.
MOTORS USED IN LOOM:
(1) induction motor 1pahse and 3phase
(2) Servo motor
(3) Stepper motor
(1) Induction motor:
Introduction;
One of the most common electrical motor used in most applications which is known as
induction motor. This motor is also called as asynchronous motor because it runs at a
speed less than its synchronous speed.
Induction motors are easier to maintain and cheaper.
Working principle:
It has two main parts stator and rotor, stator is stationary part where rotor is rotating part
also stator having thin lamination, when a AC supply is provided to stator of I.M a
rotating magnetic field produces which cuts rotor, according to faradays law an emf
induces in rotor loop which produces its own field so, both stator and rotor field interacts
with each other and force produces which moves it. Where rotor speed is less then stator
speed.
Applications in textile:
Used in different places such as, in loom to drive it, drier etc.

7. (2) Servo motor:
This is nothing but a simple electrical motor , controlled with the help of servomechanism. If the
motor as controlled device, associated with servomechanism is dc motor, then it is commonly
known DC Servo Motor. If the controlled motor is operated by AC, it is called AC Servo Motor.
Servomechanism:
A servo system mainly consists of three basic components
(1) A controlled device
(2) An output sensor
(3) A feedback system
This is an automatic closed loop control system. Here instead of controlling a device by applying
the variable input signal, the device is controlled by a feedback signal generated by comparing
output signal and reference input signal. When reference input signal or command signal is
applied to the system, it is compared with output reference signal of the system produced by
output sensor, and a third signal produced by a feedback system. This third signal acts as an
input signal of controlled device.
Advantages:
 Works on some angle
 Good accuracy
 Works both reverse and forward
 Servo amplifier also used
 High frequency on stator side

8. 2. Stepper motor:
A stepper motor is a type of DC motor that rotates in steps. When electrical signal is
applied to it, the motor rotates in steps and the speed of rotation depends on the rate at
which the electrical signals are applied and the direction of rotation is dependent on the
pattern of pulses that is followed. A stepper motor is made up of a rotor, which is
normally a permanent magnet and it is, as the name suggests the rotating component of
the motor. A stator is another part which is in the form of winding.
(a)Humidity plant:
ROOM AIR (Return fan) AIR PASS (Shivering room)
WEAVING (through supply fan having 26 to 27 degree cooling according to need)
4. PROCESSING:
(a) Bleaching:
There are 4 washing chambers in each portion has powder ,soap and detergents mixture which is
used for cleaning purpose ,after that it will be washed and then it move to drier portion where
inside it there is hot steam used. Where also flow sensors are used to sense flow of water inside
washing portion.

9. (b)Drier:
It is used to dry product after bleaching and washing ,cylinder drier (beneger company) ,it has
four zones ,having steam pressure of 4bar,and temperature of 100 degree C, in which total 25
induction motors used from which 23 are 0.75 KW and 2 motors are 5.5kw ,where dancer
(potentiometer) is used to balance speed of motors. Also invertors are used for 0.75 KW motors
as easily rotate them forward and reverse.
5. POWER PLANT:
There are four alternators are used each having rating of one MW.
(a):
 Step no: 01 In fuel there is mixture of 20% of natural gas and 80% of air.
20% natural gas
80% Air
Pressure of gas is used in current is 1513 mbar. Mbar meter is also used to measure
actual pressure.
 Step no:02 Union valve:
Is used to control the flow of fuel, also flinch used to connect valve on both sides of pipes.
 Step no: 03 Filter: are used to make fuel pure from dust and other particles.
Mbar
 Step no: 04 Gas pressure gauge
Psi
 Step no: 05 Fuel pressure filter:
It is used to finally measure pressure of fuel. Then move through flexible pipes.

10. (1) Power
mode:
individually
each generator
(2) Sink
mode:
all generators
equal
distribution of
load
 Step no: 06 Turbo charges:(mixture)
It used to make mix natural gas and air properly then make equal distribution of fuel
(gas) in pipes to Alternator; also it performs the function of exhaust.
 Step no: 07 Starting of Engine :
Initially what happens generator is moved through starting motor ( through a 12v battery
source) when its speed reached to 150 t0 200 rpm’s then motor is removed and fire or
ignition is provided to burn fuel (10000v are needed to start fire),and generator starts.
MODES OF OPERATION
(b) :Cable rating :
Qno: If power is 1KW then what will be the rating of cable?
Ans: by using the real power formula we can find the carrying capacity of cable
P=VICOSⱺ
I=P/VCOSⱺ
=1000/400*0.85
I=1.8 A
and cable rating will be 1mm =1.8 ladder tray
(c) Power Tray
Pufrated tray

11. These trays are used to carry cables where ladder tray is used in open environment as rain
water does not stop upon it, where ladder tray is used in closed environment.
(d) Switch gear:
One of the basic functions of switchgear is protection, which is interruption of short-
circuit and overload fault currents while maintaining service to unaffected
circuits. Switchgear also provides isolation of circuits from power supplies. it is designed
on basis of ampere rating. then in last it is distributed in different sections of textile where
it is required.
(e) Cooling of generator:
cooling is provided to generator through water. where water pumps are used to circulate
water through it ,where it takes heat from different portions of generator and then that hot
water goes to heat exchanger and becomes cool so, such process continue.
Figure: block diagram power plant.

12. FIRE ALARAM SYSTEM
A fire alarm system is number of devices working together to detect and warn people
through visual and audio appliances when smoke, fire, carbon monoxide or other
emergencies are present. These alarms may be activated from smoke detectors, and
heat detectors.
Types of fire alarm system
(1) Conventional fire alarm systems:
Conventional fire alarm systems and its components are all wired to the same
cable that connects them to a fire alarm control panel that displays a signal when
one of the components is activated. These types of systems are inexpensive and
work well in small facilities. The main problem with conventional fire alarm
systems is that when a fire alarm component produces a signal and it appears on
the control panel there is no way to know which component it is in the building.
(2) Addressable fire alarm system:
Addressable fire alarm systems are the most modern type of system and its
components have individual unique identifiers. When one of the system’s

13. components is initiated it displays a signal on the fire alarm control panel that
indicates the component’s address. Large facilities are typically equipped with
these systems because they can quickly pinpoint the address of the fire alarm
component that sent the signal. This saves a lot of time because it eliminates the
need to search for the component that produced the signal.
In each zone there are 18 devices used total 42 zones , each operates on 24.5V
,where 16-20 ft distance between each alarm and having height of 15ft.

14. Conclusion:
 We had a great learning and training experience at Afroze Textile Industries for
our academic program of Electrical ENGINEERING at MEHRAN
UNIVERSITY of Engineering And Technology SZAB CAMPUS
KHAIRPURMIR’S
 We physically visited industrial utilities like steam boiler, RO plant, oil boiler,
power house, air compressor, chiller plant which work on those basic
thermodynamics principles and laws which we have studied in theories,
 Working on them physically on the industrial scale was really so demanding for
us.
 We had a real world working and have work from, experiences which we had
never been exposed to, in our isolated academic life at university.
 We learned the coordination in planning of production order of different buyers to
make the buyers happy and how to take the necessary steps in modifying the
machines to cover any halts in the machines during a run.
 We learned that how electrical engineers do take actions in maintaining a
harmonious flow in the production line by the properly govern the maintenance of
machines and by designing new efficient plants and by modifying the existing
plants to reduce the time consumption, cost, break downs of the production line.
 They also increase by the same way the quality, and more diversified product
which can change the market.
 We learned how to work in a team and how to work under the higher authorities.

15. SUGGESTIONS:
We saw that Afroze Textile Industry has to depend upon the water tankers a little bit
which are expensive, not a true solution, dealing with them is nasty.
1. We suggest that they should consider reconfiguring the waste water plant RO,
which has the water storage capacity of 500,000 gallons, this will eventually be
good for environment, production, and profitable I guess.
ENERGY CRISIS:
In spite of having fully owned 3MWatt power plant a froze is still facing power shutdown
on Sundays due to natural Gas strike by the govt. this cause an effective loss to the
production and profit of the industry.
1. We recommend the industry to install solar power systemon the roofs and make
use of it in conjunction with N.gas power plant.
2. We also recommend that industry should encourage the govt. for the use of Thar
coal in producing energy for the betterment of this sector.
3. We also recommend that industry should overcome power losses in terms of
power efficient machines and good lubrication and insulations of machines.