1. DON’T COPY ANY THING. ALL RIGHTS ARE RESERVED TO
THE ASAD-UR-REHMAN AND HIS GROUP MEMBERS.

2. WARNING
Smoking IS INJUROIS TO HEALTH
A MESSAGE BY:
ministry of health Islamic republic of Pakistan.

3. GENDER DIFFERENCE IN
COMMUNICATION
संचार में ल ंग अंतर

4. GROUP MEMBERS
समूह के सदस्य
• Saad Farzeen (181370104)
• Muhammad Zaki (181370157)
• Sadia Zahor (181370153)
• Asad ur Rehman (18137121)
• Hadia Jamshaid (181370158)
• Sana Jameel (181370147)
• Faran Ahmad (181370159)
• Aroosh Khizer (181370162)

5. WE WILL DISCUSS
ON
हम चचाा करेंगे
• Introduction to communication,
gender and types of gender.
• Communication differences based
on gender.
• Social beliefs about gender
differences.
• Introduction to genderlect.
• Role of culture.
• Single gender education
• Ways to Break Down Gender
Barriers in the Workplace
• Final conclusion

6. Communication, Gender and types of
gender.

7. Communication
•The process of exchanging ideas and
information through words or actions.
•Verbal communication is related to words and
non-verbal communication is related to actions
and gestures

8. Simple definition of gender
•Gender is a socially constructed
definition of women and men. The
differences among women and men,
based on some factors.

9. Types of gender
There are four types of gender:-
• Masculine Gender
• Feminine Gender
• Common Gender
• Neuter Gender

10. Masculine gender
•A noun that represents a male animal or living
being is called a masculine gender.
•for example – boy, king, actor, dog etc.

11. Feminine gender
•A noun that represents a female animal or living
being is called a feminine gender.
•for example – girl, queen, actress, bitch etc.

12. Common gender
•A noun that represents either male or female is
called common gender.
for example – people, person, enemy, relative,
cousin, animal, human, thief, student, neighbor
etc.

13. Neuter gender
•A noun that that represents neither male or
female or things without life is called neuter
gender.
for example – table, plant, building, school, car
etc.

14. Communication Differences based on
Gender

15. •It’s been said that men and women are so
different, they must be from different planets.
John gray’s famous book(over 15 million
sold worldwide) , men are from mars, women
are from Venus, popularized this theory through
the title alone.
•In reality, we all come from Earth, but men and
women do have different ways of speaking,
thinking and communicating overall.

16. Rationality:-
•All humans are highly emotional, men and
women simply tend to show it in different ways.
While a woman may cry when she’s flooded
with emotion, a man is more likely to get angry
and become violent and stupid.

17. Rationality:-
•Biologically-speaking, considering men are the
physically stronger of the two, this makes sense.
•Men are more likely to want to fight if the are
angry or emotional.
•women are the emotional ones because men
can’t express their emotion in the way they want
to.

19. Our brains are different
• In relation to intelligence, women develop more white brain
matter, and men develop more gray brain matter (University
of California, Irvine, 2005). In other words, a male brain
represents more information processing centers, and a female
brain represents more networking between these processing
centers. This doesn't mean that men are smarter than women
or vice versa. Sorry to disappoint you! It simply represents
that men and women tend to do things differently.

20. Verbal communication
differences based on gender
• Avoid Personal stories
• Attempt to control the
conversation
• Less likely to listen
• More aggressive
• Share Personal stories
• Form groups
• Listen Carefully
• Less aggressive
Men Women

21. Non-verbal communication
differences based on gender
Body language Men Women
Facial expression Less More
Eye contact Avoid Prefer
Attitude More relaxed More tense
Use of gestures Average Too much

22. •Men and women can learn so much from each
other if only the gender communication barriers
can be broken. These barriers disappear with
time, understanding, and effort. An investment
of time is necessary to evaluate personal
communicative style.
•Though life is busy and personal styles are
comfortable but adaptation to gender
communication promotes individual growth.

23. Social beliefs about gender differences

24. Social beliefs about gender differences in
boys
•Boys make better engineers and technicians
because they are more powerful human beings.
•Males are more confident in competition and
individualism.

25. Social beliefs about gender differences in
girls
•Girls are stereotyped as being more successful
in reading and English.
•Girls can tend to have a lower self-esteem and
poorer body image because of the competition
for the perfect body.

26. Teacher beliefs about gender differences in
boys
•Boys are better on problem solving tasks skills
such as math.
•Boys have difference learning needs then girls.
•Classmates will ask for help from boys rather
then girls.

27. Teacher beliefs about gender differences in
girls
•Girls are better at computation skills.
•Girls grasp the language skills as well as boys.

28. •Preparations for gender socialization
begin even before the birth of the
child. One of the first questions people
ask of expectant parents is the sex of
the child.
•Girls and boys are expected to act in
different ways.

29. How to overcome
•These social believes create a difference in
these two genders and affect the normal
cross gender communication.
•We can reduce this difference by changing
the thoughts of society. Boys and girls have
to work together to prove these believes
wrong.

30. Introduction to Genderlect

31. • Deborah Frances Tannen is an American professor of
linguistics at Georgetown University in Washington,
D.C.
• Her book “You Just Don't Understand” was published
published in 1960.
• In her book she present a theory named Genderlect
about cross-gender communication.

32. DEBORAH TANNEN
JUNE 7, 1945-PRESENT

33. Genderlect
• Deborah Tannen coined the term 'Genderlect' to describe the way that
the conversation of men and women are not right and wrong they are
just different.
• She says that they are as different cultures. Thus, as a Japanese and
French person conversing would take account of each others different
cultural styles, so also should men and women understand and take
account of the very real differences of the other.
• She described his theory by describing some major difference between
men and women explained below.

34. Connection and status
• The fundamental difference is that women have a deep desire
to seek connection, while men have a deep desire to seek
status.
• Of course there are other goals that men and women seek.
But this is a significant source of difference.

35. Emotion and rapport
• In seeking connection, In seeking status, men will prefer solid
facts.
• To connection, women will talk more about feelings,
relationships and people. They will include more emotional
elements in their talk and will encourage others to do the
same.

36. Private and public
• Women talk more in private conversations. In public, there is
less opportunity for creating individual relationships and so
they may talk less.
• Men talk more in a public forum, where their audience has
the power to recognize them and give them the status they
seek.

37. Conflict
• Conflict, for a woman, is a process where connections
are reduced, and so they will work hard to avoid them.
• Men, on the other hand, will use conflict as a short-cut
to gaining status. A short, fight quickly establishes the
ranking that they prefer, establishing who has more
status and position.

38. Goals of genderlect
• The main goal of this theory is mutual respect and
understanding.
• This theory was in contrast to feminist viewpoints that
criticize men for inferior communication which extinguish
women.
• Genderlect theory simply identifies the differences between us
and encourages us to acknowledge and accept the
communicative culture of the other.

39. Role of culture

40. Culture
• Culture is all socially transmitted behaviors, arts,
languages, signs, symbols, ideas, beliefs, which is
learnt and shared in a particular social group of the
same type.
• Culture is handed down from one generation to
another. A single culture may has many sub-cultures.

41. Effects of cultural differences
• Cultural differences causes behavior and personality
differences like body language, thinking,
communication, manners.
• These differences create problems in normal
communicating environment between two different
genders of different cultures.

42. Culture at work place
• In an organization it may be happens that a variety of people
are working together. They may be different by their
languages or by their cultures.
• But a point to be noted that two people of same culture
(regard less of gender) will communicate very well.
• An Indian woman will feel hesitation to communicate with a
American man but in the case of Indian she will be happy to
talk and work with him.

43. Cultural norms
• Different cultures owns different communicating
etiquettes.
(western culture : hand shake, hugging etc.)
(Eastern culture : hand shake, hugging is considered
improper)

44. How to overcome
•By understanding cultural norms we can
overcome the communicating barriers of other
gender belonging to different cultures.
•By giving reasonable space to each other we
can develop trust and can used to each other

45. Single gender education

46. What is single gender education
• Single-gender education is the practice of conducting
education with male and female students attending
separate classes in separate buildings or schools.
• It is most popular in Chile, Israel, south Korea,
Singapore, Ireland, the united kingdom, Hong Kong,
and new Zealand.

47. Why single gender education
•Brain differences
•Learning styles
•Academic performance
•Behavior differences
•Learning differences

48. Results of single-gender education
• Single-gender education proved it self a better way of
learning among both male and female students
• For example in 1998 British Office for Standards in
Education did a survey which showed that Students in
single-gender education had a significantly more
positive attitude toward learning.

49. Draw backs to single-gender education
• When schools prohibit boys and girls from studying together
in the same classroom, they may think that their gender is
either better or inferior. This will create a difference in their
communicating skills in future.
• If students go to mixed gendered schools, they will benefit
from having a richer range of experiences than those who go
to single-sex classes.

50. Better solution in my opinion
• No doubt single-gender education is very effective way to
promote the learning skills of both gender but it also have
some disadvantages like lack of cross-gender communicating
skills.
• To overcome these draw backs there is a need of conductance
of some cross gender activities.
• This will help both genders to understand the behavior of
each other.

51. Ways to Break Down Gender
Barriers in the Workplace

52. •Kim Elsesser is a Ph.D. Doctor in psychology
from University of California, Los Angeles.
•She wrote a book named Sex and the
Office in which she defined the major
problems of women in workplace and their
solutions.
•Three ways to breakdown gender gap at
workplace defined by her are explained below.

53. 1. Teach employees about what is NOT
sexual harassment.
It is critical to teach employees about what behaviors
could be perceived as harassing, but it’s equally
important that they understand what behaviors are not
considered as harassment. Male employees who are
nervous about asking a female colleague to join them
for lunch should be assured that these behaviors do
not considered sexual harassment.

54. 2. Establish networking
• Networking strategies will help to break down barriers
between the both gender.
• From corporate outings new connections between
employees.

55. 3. Bring men into the fight
• Companies should educate male employees on
gender barriers and encourage them to help their
women colleagues to solve their problems.
• This strategy will help to get men interested and
engaged with women.

56. •These ways will help both women and men to
create a communicative relation with each other
•It will also help to promote a greater sense of
gender equality in the workplace.
•Better understanding will promote better
communicational behaviours.

57. Final conclusion

58. •In this presentation we learned about
differences between men and women and effect
of these differences on normal communicating
system.
•We explored some factors affecting
communication
•Now here a few conclusionary tips to overcome
the problems regarding normal cross-gender
communication.

59. 1.Try to understand the way of
conversation of opposite gender.
2.Be patient and compromising with
each other.
3.Get the thorough knowledge of the
culture of your opposite gender

60. 3. Promote the group tasks and
meetings.
4. In single-gender school system
there must be some activities to
overcome difficulties of gender
difference based communication.

61. 5. Organizations should conduct effective
communications workshops.
6. An environment of helping each other must be
created in offices where both genders works
together.
7. Respect is the major thing which will be
effective way to understand the behavior of
opposite gender.