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2012 Technology Perspectives
           for Solar Energy
                      Arik Ring




Web2Present Webinar February 9th 2012
Arik Ring
•   Boutique Consultancy Since 2005
•   Mechanical & Industrial Engineer
•   20 Years Experience in the field of Energy Engineering
•   Leading Solar R&D , Solar Projects Since 2001
•   Former Project manager of International Solar R&D e.g.
    SOLGATE & SAGUARO Power Plant in Arizona at
    ORMAT.
•   86MW Combined Cycle Commissioning LTSA
•   Published Many Technical & Popular Papers
•   Lecturer: Solar Courses at Matrix Greentech College
•   Invited Conference Speaker: Brazil, Spain, USA, Israel…
Scope of Services
• Hands On Engineering Services for Solar Power
  technology developers, Integrators & EPC contractors
• Feasibility Studies
• Design Reviews & Troubleshooting Remote & On Site
• Technology Assessment for Investors, NGO’s &
  Governmental Ministries
• Customized Consulting per Clients Requirements
• Developing Solar Power Plant & Systems for Property
  Owners including Technology Selection & Supervision
• Confidentiality is an Integral Part of Service, unless
  agreed otherwise
The Team
• Arik Ring

• Independent Highly Skilled Experts: Solar
  Power, Mechanical Engineers, Electrical
  Engineers, Civil Engineers, Heat Transfer
  Specialists, Business Development, Regulatory
  Affairs, etc.
Solar Electric Technologies - 2011
               Concentrated           Photovoltaics         CPV              Others
               Solar Power
Commercially   Parabolic Trough,      Mono-Crystalline,     High
Available      Power Tower            Poly-Crystalline,     Concentration
                                      Thin Film             Multi junction
                                                            Low
                                                            Concentration

Pilot Plants   ,Brayton Cycle         Dye Cells,            High
               Parabolic Dish,        Cogeneration PV &     Concentration
                Fresnel               Water Heaters         Multi junction
                Long-Term Heat        Bifacial Cells         Low
               Storage                Building Integrated   Concentration
               Solar Boosting         (PV (BIPV             CPV on Water

Research &     Heat Storage           Electricity Storage                    Solar Tower
Development    Combined Cycle                                                ((Chimney
               Super Critical Steam

Future ?       CO2 High Temp Cycle Nanotechnology
Photovoltaics – Solar Thermal (CSP)
• Photovoltaic systems use solar
  radiation directly to convert
  light(photons) into direct electrical current (DC)

• Thermal systems use concentrating optics,
  lenses or usually mirrors to concentrate the
  light (heat) onto a receiver to heat a fluid (e.g.
  water) to high temperatures and the fluid
  powers a heat engine (turbine) connected to an
  electrical generator.
Photovoltaics Technologies
• Silicon Based Cells

• Thin Film
Concentrated Solar Power (Thermal)
• Concentrating solar power is one of the most
  ancient ways of using solar energy.
• First Solar High Temp. Concentrator was built
  In Egypt 1912, parabolic solar collectors, were
  developed by a Philadelphia inventor named
  Frank Shuman
• First Commercial Power Plants Inaugurated In
  California Mojave Desert 1984 by the Israeli
  company LUZ
CSP Technologies
Parabolic Dish       Power Tower    Parabolic Trough
                        (Central
                       Receiver)




                             Fresnel Linear Receiver
SEGS
Concentrated Solar Photovoltaics




 High Concentration     Low Concentration
(Photovoltaics (HCPV   (Photovoltaics (LCPV
Solar Main Challenges
•   Intermittent source – Capacity Factor
•   Costs
•   Land Usage
•   Water Usage
•   Degradation (PV)
•   Hot Weather Performance
•   Local Jobs
•   Design Point / Off Design Performance
•   Utility Grade Power
Solar Technologies Challenges
              Land Usage   Water      Supply &    /R&D      Electricity Main
                           Usage      Erection   Engineer   Quality     Challenges
                                      Jobs       ing Jobs




Parabolic     Average      High       Mainly     Mainly     Excellent   Cost, Water
Trough                                Local      Local

Power Tower   Excellent    Medium     Mainly     Mainly     Excellent   Cost,
                                      Local      Local                  Modularity


PV            Good         Very Low   Mainly     Mainly     Low         Storage,
                                      External   External   -Medium     BOP,
                                                                        Efficiency
HCPV          Excellent    Very Low   Mix        Mainly     Low         Cost,
                                                 External   -Medium     Market
                                                                        Penetration
LCPV          Good         Very Low   Mainly     Mainly     Low         Market
                                      External   External   -Medium     Penetration
Solar Technologies 2
          Grid       Hybridization On Site                   Design       Capacity
          Capacity   / Storage     Generatio   Cogeneratio   Point /      Factor
                                   n           n             Average
                                                             Efficiency
Parabolic Yes        Yes           No          Possible      Medium       25-30%
Trough

Power     Yes        Yes           Mostly Not Possible       High         30-65%
Tower                              - Aora


PV        No         Batteries     Yes         Mostly No     Low          17-25%


HCPV      No         Batteries     Mostly Not Possible       Highest      17-25%


LCPV      No         Batteries     Yes – Some Mostly No      Low-         17-25%
                                   Systems                   Medium
Solar Technologies 2
            Maintenance Toxic       Power         Life Cycle   Upgrade     Available
                        Materials   Degradation                options     Scale


Parabolic   Skilled       No        Very Low,     Years 25<    SW & HW     30-100MW
Trough                              Cycles

Power       Skilled       No        Very Low,     Years 25<    SW & HW     , 100kW
Tower                               Cycles                                 10-200MW


PV          Mostly        Yes       Per 0.5-1%    Panels ~20   Inverters   No
            Cleaning                Year          Years                    Restriction
                                                  Inverters
                                                  ~9 Years
HCPV        Low Skilled   Yes       Not Enough                 New Cells   3-50KW Per
                                    Data                                   Tracker

LCPV        Mostly        Yes       Not Enough                 Inverters   No
            Cleaning                Data                                   Restriction
The Future of Solar
• Developing Cost Effective Electricity Storage
• Rooftop & BIPV are Standard
• Using global High-tech Industries,
  Nanotechnologies for Improving PV Power
• High Local Content / Modularity
• Brayton Cycle Solar Power Plants
• On site Biofuel Plant
• Cogeneration
• Higher Efficiency
• Improving Power to Land Ratio
• Decreasing Water Usage
What's in for 2012
•   Integrating Solar & Fossil Power Plants
•   Integrating Solar & Other Renewable Sources
•   Beginning of BIPV incorporation to new buildings
•   Emerging New Markets for Solar
•   Brayton Cycle Solar Power Plants - Aora
•   New Applications for Non Electric Solar Power
•   Cogeneration
•   Increasing Efficiency
•   New Cooling Systems for CSP
Spain 2012   Aora Solar
                      Israel 2009
Aora Solar
• Commercial Brayton Cycle Power
• AORA′ s solar thermal plants are based on the
  process of a conventional gas powered micro
  turbine
• The combustion chamber was modified to connect
  a high temperature solar receiver
• AORA′ s CSP plants are capable to operate on hybrid
  mode, using several types of fuels, like biogas,
  natural gas or other fossil fuels.
?WHY SOLAR BRAYTON CYCLE
  Thermodynamics Basics: Carnot
• The maximum theoretic efficiency η is defined to be:



where
• W is the work done by the system
• QH is the heat put into the system
• TC is the absolute temperature of the cold reservoir
• TH is the absolute temperature of the hot reservoir
Testing at PSA 2002-2009
    SOLGATE
    SOLHYCO
EU R&D PROGRAMS




                       Solar Brayton Cycle
Solar Tower & Field




S   LGATE
Combining Solar With Fossil /Biofuels




       Solar Hybrid Brayton Cycle
Combined Cycle Hybrid Power
Generator System with Storage
Is Efficiency Important?


= $$$
Solar Brayton Cycle Advantages
•   High Efficiency
•   Low Land Usage
•   Minimal Water Usage
•   Combined Heat & Power
•   Dispatchability
•   Utility Grade Power Supply
•   Small Scale – Modular On/Off Grid
•   Large Scale – Grid Tied Power On Demand
•   Share Advances in Gas Turbines Development
Current Solar Brayton Cycle Programs
                                                         Status
•   Spain – Solugas 5MW Hybrid Demo                        D
•   France – Pegase 2MW Combined Cycle Demo D
•   Israel & Spain– Aora 100kW Hybrid                      O
•   Israel – Heliofocus 65 kW                              D
•   USA –Southwest Solar / Brayton Energy                  O
    80kW                                                   D
•   Australia – CSIRO 200kW hybrid Demo                    D
•   USA – Wilson SolarPower 100kW Hybrid                    I
•   Brazil – SOLINOVA 100kW
    D-Under Development, O- Operational, I- Initial Work
COGENERATION
 • Using CSP, CPV as well as PV to produce
   Electricity, Heating, Cooling, Desalination, etc.
ZENITH SOLAR




                                             COGENRA
Solar on Water
The Earth is mostly covered with water
Land is scarce & expensive
Thank You For Your Attention




           Ar1_Ring@Yahoo.com

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Arik Ring Webinar 2012

  • 1. 2012 Technology Perspectives for Solar Energy Arik Ring Web2Present Webinar February 9th 2012
  • 2. Arik Ring • Boutique Consultancy Since 2005 • Mechanical & Industrial Engineer • 20 Years Experience in the field of Energy Engineering • Leading Solar R&D , Solar Projects Since 2001 • Former Project manager of International Solar R&D e.g. SOLGATE & SAGUARO Power Plant in Arizona at ORMAT. • 86MW Combined Cycle Commissioning LTSA • Published Many Technical & Popular Papers • Lecturer: Solar Courses at Matrix Greentech College • Invited Conference Speaker: Brazil, Spain, USA, Israel…
  • 3. Scope of Services • Hands On Engineering Services for Solar Power technology developers, Integrators & EPC contractors • Feasibility Studies • Design Reviews & Troubleshooting Remote & On Site • Technology Assessment for Investors, NGO’s & Governmental Ministries • Customized Consulting per Clients Requirements • Developing Solar Power Plant & Systems for Property Owners including Technology Selection & Supervision • Confidentiality is an Integral Part of Service, unless agreed otherwise
  • 4. The Team • Arik Ring • Independent Highly Skilled Experts: Solar Power, Mechanical Engineers, Electrical Engineers, Civil Engineers, Heat Transfer Specialists, Business Development, Regulatory Affairs, etc.
  • 5. Solar Electric Technologies - 2011 Concentrated Photovoltaics CPV Others Solar Power Commercially Parabolic Trough, Mono-Crystalline, High Available Power Tower Poly-Crystalline, Concentration Thin Film Multi junction Low Concentration Pilot Plants ,Brayton Cycle Dye Cells, High Parabolic Dish, Cogeneration PV & Concentration Fresnel Water Heaters Multi junction Long-Term Heat Bifacial Cells Low Storage Building Integrated Concentration Solar Boosting (PV (BIPV CPV on Water Research & Heat Storage Electricity Storage Solar Tower Development Combined Cycle ((Chimney Super Critical Steam Future ? CO2 High Temp Cycle Nanotechnology
  • 6. Photovoltaics – Solar Thermal (CSP) • Photovoltaic systems use solar radiation directly to convert light(photons) into direct electrical current (DC) • Thermal systems use concentrating optics, lenses or usually mirrors to concentrate the light (heat) onto a receiver to heat a fluid (e.g. water) to high temperatures and the fluid powers a heat engine (turbine) connected to an electrical generator.
  • 7. Photovoltaics Technologies • Silicon Based Cells • Thin Film
  • 8. Concentrated Solar Power (Thermal) • Concentrating solar power is one of the most ancient ways of using solar energy. • First Solar High Temp. Concentrator was built In Egypt 1912, parabolic solar collectors, were developed by a Philadelphia inventor named Frank Shuman • First Commercial Power Plants Inaugurated In California Mojave Desert 1984 by the Israeli company LUZ
  • 9. CSP Technologies Parabolic Dish Power Tower Parabolic Trough (Central Receiver) Fresnel Linear Receiver
  • 10. SEGS
  • 11. Concentrated Solar Photovoltaics High Concentration Low Concentration (Photovoltaics (HCPV (Photovoltaics (LCPV
  • 12. Solar Main Challenges • Intermittent source – Capacity Factor • Costs • Land Usage • Water Usage • Degradation (PV) • Hot Weather Performance • Local Jobs • Design Point / Off Design Performance • Utility Grade Power
  • 13. Solar Technologies Challenges Land Usage Water Supply & /R&D Electricity Main Usage Erection Engineer Quality Challenges Jobs ing Jobs Parabolic Average High Mainly Mainly Excellent Cost, Water Trough Local Local Power Tower Excellent Medium Mainly Mainly Excellent Cost, Local Local Modularity PV Good Very Low Mainly Mainly Low Storage, External External -Medium BOP, Efficiency HCPV Excellent Very Low Mix Mainly Low Cost, External -Medium Market Penetration LCPV Good Very Low Mainly Mainly Low Market External External -Medium Penetration
  • 14. Solar Technologies 2 Grid Hybridization On Site Design Capacity Capacity / Storage Generatio Cogeneratio Point / Factor n n Average Efficiency Parabolic Yes Yes No Possible Medium 25-30% Trough Power Yes Yes Mostly Not Possible High 30-65% Tower - Aora PV No Batteries Yes Mostly No Low 17-25% HCPV No Batteries Mostly Not Possible Highest 17-25% LCPV No Batteries Yes – Some Mostly No Low- 17-25% Systems Medium
  • 15. Solar Technologies 2 Maintenance Toxic Power Life Cycle Upgrade Available Materials Degradation options Scale Parabolic Skilled No Very Low, Years 25< SW & HW 30-100MW Trough Cycles Power Skilled No Very Low, Years 25< SW & HW , 100kW Tower Cycles 10-200MW PV Mostly Yes Per 0.5-1% Panels ~20 Inverters No Cleaning Year Years Restriction Inverters ~9 Years HCPV Low Skilled Yes Not Enough New Cells 3-50KW Per Data Tracker LCPV Mostly Yes Not Enough Inverters No Cleaning Data Restriction
  • 16. The Future of Solar • Developing Cost Effective Electricity Storage • Rooftop & BIPV are Standard • Using global High-tech Industries, Nanotechnologies for Improving PV Power • High Local Content / Modularity • Brayton Cycle Solar Power Plants • On site Biofuel Plant • Cogeneration • Higher Efficiency • Improving Power to Land Ratio • Decreasing Water Usage
  • 17. What's in for 2012 • Integrating Solar & Fossil Power Plants • Integrating Solar & Other Renewable Sources • Beginning of BIPV incorporation to new buildings • Emerging New Markets for Solar • Brayton Cycle Solar Power Plants - Aora • New Applications for Non Electric Solar Power • Cogeneration • Increasing Efficiency • New Cooling Systems for CSP
  • 18. Spain 2012 Aora Solar Israel 2009
  • 19. Aora Solar • Commercial Brayton Cycle Power • AORA′ s solar thermal plants are based on the process of a conventional gas powered micro turbine • The combustion chamber was modified to connect a high temperature solar receiver • AORA′ s CSP plants are capable to operate on hybrid mode, using several types of fuels, like biogas, natural gas or other fossil fuels.
  • 20. ?WHY SOLAR BRAYTON CYCLE Thermodynamics Basics: Carnot • The maximum theoretic efficiency η is defined to be: where • W is the work done by the system • QH is the heat put into the system • TC is the absolute temperature of the cold reservoir • TH is the absolute temperature of the hot reservoir
  • 21. Testing at PSA 2002-2009 SOLGATE SOLHYCO EU R&D PROGRAMS Solar Brayton Cycle
  • 22. Solar Tower & Field S LGATE
  • 23. Combining Solar With Fossil /Biofuels Solar Hybrid Brayton Cycle
  • 24. Combined Cycle Hybrid Power Generator System with Storage
  • 26. Solar Brayton Cycle Advantages • High Efficiency • Low Land Usage • Minimal Water Usage • Combined Heat & Power • Dispatchability • Utility Grade Power Supply • Small Scale – Modular On/Off Grid • Large Scale – Grid Tied Power On Demand • Share Advances in Gas Turbines Development
  • 27. Current Solar Brayton Cycle Programs Status • Spain – Solugas 5MW Hybrid Demo D • France – Pegase 2MW Combined Cycle Demo D • Israel & Spain– Aora 100kW Hybrid O • Israel – Heliofocus 65 kW D • USA –Southwest Solar / Brayton Energy O 80kW D • Australia – CSIRO 200kW hybrid Demo D • USA – Wilson SolarPower 100kW Hybrid I • Brazil – SOLINOVA 100kW D-Under Development, O- Operational, I- Initial Work
  • 28. COGENERATION • Using CSP, CPV as well as PV to produce Electricity, Heating, Cooling, Desalination, etc. ZENITH SOLAR COGENRA
  • 29. Solar on Water The Earth is mostly covered with water Land is scarce & expensive
  • 30. Thank You For Your Attention Ar1_Ring@Yahoo.com