2. Arik Ring
• Boutique Consultancy Since 2005
• Mechanical & Industrial Engineer
• 20 Years Experience in the field of Energy Engineering
• Leading Solar R&D , Solar Projects Since 2001
• Former Project manager of International Solar R&D e.g.
SOLGATE & SAGUARO Power Plant in Arizona at
ORMAT.
• 86MW Combined Cycle Commissioning LTSA
• Published Many Technical & Popular Papers
• Lecturer: Solar Courses at Matrix Greentech College
• Invited Conference Speaker: Brazil, Spain, USA, Israel…
3. Scope of Services
• Hands On Engineering Services for Solar Power
technology developers, Integrators & EPC contractors
• Feasibility Studies
• Design Reviews & Troubleshooting Remote & On Site
• Technology Assessment for Investors, NGO’s &
Governmental Ministries
• Customized Consulting per Clients Requirements
• Developing Solar Power Plant & Systems for Property
Owners including Technology Selection & Supervision
• Confidentiality is an Integral Part of Service, unless
agreed otherwise
4. The Team
• Arik Ring
• Independent Highly Skilled Experts: Solar
Power, Mechanical Engineers, Electrical
Engineers, Civil Engineers, Heat Transfer
Specialists, Business Development, Regulatory
Affairs, etc.
5. Solar Electric Technologies - 2011
Concentrated Photovoltaics CPV Others
Solar Power
Commercially Parabolic Trough, Mono-Crystalline, High
Available Power Tower Poly-Crystalline, Concentration
Thin Film Multi junction
Low
Concentration
Pilot Plants ,Brayton Cycle Dye Cells, High
Parabolic Dish, Cogeneration PV & Concentration
Fresnel Water Heaters Multi junction
Long-Term Heat Bifacial Cells Low
Storage Building Integrated Concentration
Solar Boosting (PV (BIPV CPV on Water
Research & Heat Storage Electricity Storage Solar Tower
Development Combined Cycle ((Chimney
Super Critical Steam
Future ? CO2 High Temp Cycle Nanotechnology
6. Photovoltaics – Solar Thermal (CSP)
• Photovoltaic systems use solar
radiation directly to convert
light(photons) into direct electrical current (DC)
• Thermal systems use concentrating optics,
lenses or usually mirrors to concentrate the
light (heat) onto a receiver to heat a fluid (e.g.
water) to high temperatures and the fluid
powers a heat engine (turbine) connected to an
electrical generator.
8. Concentrated Solar Power (Thermal)
• Concentrating solar power is one of the most
ancient ways of using solar energy.
• First Solar High Temp. Concentrator was built
In Egypt 1912, parabolic solar collectors, were
developed by a Philadelphia inventor named
Frank Shuman
• First Commercial Power Plants Inaugurated In
California Mojave Desert 1984 by the Israeli
company LUZ
12. Solar Main Challenges
• Intermittent source – Capacity Factor
• Costs
• Land Usage
• Water Usage
• Degradation (PV)
• Hot Weather Performance
• Local Jobs
• Design Point / Off Design Performance
• Utility Grade Power
13. Solar Technologies Challenges
Land Usage Water Supply & /R&D Electricity Main
Usage Erection Engineer Quality Challenges
Jobs ing Jobs
Parabolic Average High Mainly Mainly Excellent Cost, Water
Trough Local Local
Power Tower Excellent Medium Mainly Mainly Excellent Cost,
Local Local Modularity
PV Good Very Low Mainly Mainly Low Storage,
External External -Medium BOP,
Efficiency
HCPV Excellent Very Low Mix Mainly Low Cost,
External -Medium Market
Penetration
LCPV Good Very Low Mainly Mainly Low Market
External External -Medium Penetration
14. Solar Technologies 2
Grid Hybridization On Site Design Capacity
Capacity / Storage Generatio Cogeneratio Point / Factor
n n Average
Efficiency
Parabolic Yes Yes No Possible Medium 25-30%
Trough
Power Yes Yes Mostly Not Possible High 30-65%
Tower - Aora
PV No Batteries Yes Mostly No Low 17-25%
HCPV No Batteries Mostly Not Possible Highest 17-25%
LCPV No Batteries Yes – Some Mostly No Low- 17-25%
Systems Medium
15. Solar Technologies 2
Maintenance Toxic Power Life Cycle Upgrade Available
Materials Degradation options Scale
Parabolic Skilled No Very Low, Years 25< SW & HW 30-100MW
Trough Cycles
Power Skilled No Very Low, Years 25< SW & HW , 100kW
Tower Cycles 10-200MW
PV Mostly Yes Per 0.5-1% Panels ~20 Inverters No
Cleaning Year Years Restriction
Inverters
~9 Years
HCPV Low Skilled Yes Not Enough New Cells 3-50KW Per
Data Tracker
LCPV Mostly Yes Not Enough Inverters No
Cleaning Data Restriction
16. The Future of Solar
• Developing Cost Effective Electricity Storage
• Rooftop & BIPV are Standard
• Using global High-tech Industries,
Nanotechnologies for Improving PV Power
• High Local Content / Modularity
• Brayton Cycle Solar Power Plants
• On site Biofuel Plant
• Cogeneration
• Higher Efficiency
• Improving Power to Land Ratio
• Decreasing Water Usage
17. What's in for 2012
• Integrating Solar & Fossil Power Plants
• Integrating Solar & Other Renewable Sources
• Beginning of BIPV incorporation to new buildings
• Emerging New Markets for Solar
• Brayton Cycle Solar Power Plants - Aora
• New Applications for Non Electric Solar Power
• Cogeneration
• Increasing Efficiency
• New Cooling Systems for CSP
19. Aora Solar
• Commercial Brayton Cycle Power
• AORA′ s solar thermal plants are based on the
process of a conventional gas powered micro
turbine
• The combustion chamber was modified to connect
a high temperature solar receiver
• AORA′ s CSP plants are capable to operate on hybrid
mode, using several types of fuels, like biogas,
natural gas or other fossil fuels.
20. ?WHY SOLAR BRAYTON CYCLE
Thermodynamics Basics: Carnot
• The maximum theoretic efficiency η is defined to be:
where
• W is the work done by the system
• QH is the heat put into the system
• TC is the absolute temperature of the cold reservoir
• TH is the absolute temperature of the hot reservoir
21. Testing at PSA 2002-2009
SOLGATE
SOLHYCO
EU R&D PROGRAMS
Solar Brayton Cycle
26. Solar Brayton Cycle Advantages
• High Efficiency
• Low Land Usage
• Minimal Water Usage
• Combined Heat & Power
• Dispatchability
• Utility Grade Power Supply
• Small Scale – Modular On/Off Grid
• Large Scale – Grid Tied Power On Demand
• Share Advances in Gas Turbines Development
27. Current Solar Brayton Cycle Programs
Status
• Spain – Solugas 5MW Hybrid Demo D
• France – Pegase 2MW Combined Cycle Demo D
• Israel & Spain– Aora 100kW Hybrid O
• Israel – Heliofocus 65 kW D
• USA –Southwest Solar / Brayton Energy O
80kW D
• Australia – CSIRO 200kW hybrid Demo D
• USA – Wilson SolarPower 100kW Hybrid I
• Brazil – SOLINOVA 100kW
D-Under Development, O- Operational, I- Initial Work
28. COGENERATION
• Using CSP, CPV as well as PV to produce
Electricity, Heating, Cooling, Desalination, etc.
ZENITH SOLAR
COGENRA
29. Solar on Water
The Earth is mostly covered with water
Land is scarce & expensive