History of Architecture 1 Report by: SR DLS -College of St. Benilde School of Architecture 1st Term S.Y. 2016-17 November 2016

1. Roman Architecture:
Vitruvius and the 1st Metaphysics in Architecture
Histarc 1
1st Term SY 2016-17

2. Roman Flag

3. SPQR
Senātus Populusque Rōmānus
"The Senate and People of Rome"

4. INRI
Iesus Nazarenus, Rex Iudoeorum
(Jesus of Nazareth, King of Jews)

8. IONIC CAPITALDORIC CAPITAL DORIC CAPITAL

9. Corinthian Order
The Corinthian order is the last developed of the three principal
classical orders of ancient Greek and Roman architecture. The
other two are the Doric order which was the earliest, followed
by the Ionic order.

12. Parts of the Corinthian Capital

13. Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae in Arcadia

14. It is not part of the order of the temple itself,
which has a Doric colonnade surrounding the
temple and an Ionic order within the cella
enclosure.
A single Corinthian column stands free, centered
within the cella.

16. Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae in Arcadia

17. The Story of
Callimachus

18. Greek city-state of CORINTH

19. IONIC CAPITALDORIC CAPITAL DORIC CAPITAL
DORIC ORDERIONIC ORDERDORIC ORDER
THESE CAPITALS REPRESENT THE “CODES”

20. It begs the question…
Who tried to codify those
[Classical architecture]?

21. Marcus Vitruvius Pollio
a Roman author, architect, civil engineer and
military engineer during the 1st century BC

22. Marcus Vitruvius Pollio
Vitruvius served as an artilleryman, the third
class of arms in the military offices.
He probably served as a senior officer of artillery
in charge of doctores ballistarum (artillery
experts) and libratores who actually operated
the machines.

25. How did Vitruvius codify?

26. How did Vitruvius codify?
De architectura (On Architecture)
also known as Ten Books on Architecture

28. De architectura
is a treatise on architecture written by the
Roman architect and military engineer Marcus
Vitruvius Pollio and dedicated to his patron, the
emperor Caesar Augustus, as a guide for
building projects.

29. Book 3 - Temples and the orders of
architecture
Vitruvius also studied human proportions (Book
III) and his canones were later encoded in a very
famous drawing by Leonardo da Vinci (Homo
Vitruvianus, "Vitruvian Man").

31. “Proto-Standardization”

33. What are the greatest legacy of this
book to the discipline of architecture?
I. Vitruvius sought to address the ethos of
architecture, declaring that quality depends on
the social relevance of the artist's work, not on
the form or workmanship of the work itself.

34. II. Vitruvius started defining the world
using his knowledge in “building” things,
and it turns out to be what Eisenman
(2013) calls the first metaphysics.

35. III. Perhaps the most famous declaration
from De architectura is one still quoted by
architects: "Well building hath three
conditions: firmness, commodity, and
delight."

36. My histarc 1 kids, never leave this room without
remembering 3 Latin words;
FIRMITAS
UTILITAS
VENUSTAS

37. Strength
Function
Beauty

39. Firmitas

40. Firmitas

41. Utilitas

42. Utilitas

43. Venustas

44. Venustas

45. Vitruvius “metaphysics” is what
Eisenman calls a…
PROJECT

46. What “project” meant?

47. “Architecture is a transformation of
precedence…” (Eisenman, 2013)
/ˈpresədəns,prēˈsēdns/ the order to be ceremonially
observed by people of different rank, according to an
acknowledged or legally determined system.

48. it is the architect who defines the
world around him/ her.”
“…if you have a
Project

49. “it depends not [on] your talent or intelligence but it
depends on how you see yourself in your world and
why you’re doing it. If you’re here to save the world,
I’m not sure you have a Project. If you’re interested
in sustainability, that’s not a project.
A Project involves the discipline of architecture;
being able to define the world as we see it and being
able to be a critical resonance on that definition - any
Project is always a critique of the status quo of the
discipline. So therefore a Project is always in some
way political, ideological, intellectual, [and] etc.”

50. 15th Annual Conference on
Architectural Research and
Education (ACARE)
UMWAD: Developing the Future without
Forgetting the Past
Premise

51. 15th Annual Conference on
Architectural Research and
Education (ACARE)
UMWAD: Developing the Future without
Forgetting the Past
Premise

52. Metaphysical Project

53. things that are beyond the physical presence of
architecture

54. Management
Liberal ArtsEngineering

55. Management
Liberal ArtsEngineering
ARCHITECTURE

56. If you think about it…
While Vitruvius was Roman.
His ideal was Greek.

57. “Greek” idea of architecure
• Rigid inherence to proportions, orders, etc.

58. Dialogue between Roman & Greek architecture
• Frontal relationship to the subject to the
object.
• The other dealt with the Human subject into
the 45 degrees.

61. Classical Architecture, while a
discipline of architecture hinged on
symbols, must be further classified
by differing Roman & Greek
Architecture.

62. Thanks