1. United Nations Convention on
the Law of the Sea (1973)
April Hibbard
3ES3

4. Goal
• Bridge together the gap between centuries old
rights and obligations and the new awareness
that seas are not an inexhaustible resource for
those whose geography or economic
development facilitates marine exploitation

5. Various UN Conventions on Law of
the Seas
• UNCLOS I (1958)
• UNCLOS II (1960)
• UNCLOS III (1973)

7. Boundaries
• Baseline
• Internal Waters
• Territorial Waters (12 Nautical Miles)
• Contiguous Zone (12 Nautical Miles)
• Continental Shelf
• Exclusive Economic Zone (200 Nautical Miles)

8. - Baseline
- Internal Waters
- Territorial Waters
- Contiguous Zone

10. Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs)
• Surrounding borders around countries are EEZ
• Blue is considered High Seas

11. High Seas
Freedom , for all states, landlocked or
not, to navigate through, fly over, fish
upon, and conduct scientific research
in, etc.

12. Landlocked Countries

13. Landlocked States have the right
to share equitably in the
explorations of the surplus fishing
resources in the EEZ’s of states
within their region.

14. Conservation
• Marine pollution results in toxic effects in:
• Harm to living resources and marine life
• Hazards to human health
• Hindrance to marine activities.
• Sources of Pollution:
• Seabed mining
• Oil dumping
• Vessel-source pollution

15. Marine Research
• Marine research monitors and regulates the
prevention, reduction, and control of
population of the marine environment

16. Regulation set for an allowable number of
fish caught—based on scientific research in
order to maintain and restore species to
levels of maximum sustainability.

17. Non-living Resources
• Non-living resources located on the sea floor of the Continental Shelf like:
• Natural gas
• Oil (as shown here)
• Coal
• Heavy minerals and elements

18. Ratification
•Dark green- signed and ratified
•Light green- signed and not-ratified
•Grey- Not signed

19. Pictures Cited
• Slide 1: http://www.un.org/Depts/los/index.htm
• Slide 2:http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/H2O-On-the-Go/Sci-Media/Images/Earth-s-water-
distribution—water and http://one-change.com/2006/11/why-we-need-to-conserve-water-the-earths-
water/
• Slide 3: http://www.scribd.com/doc/18100634/Unclos-III#
• Slide 4: http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/convention_20years.htm
• Slide 5:: http://unlawofthesea.wordpress.com/
• Slide 8: http://www1.kaiho.mlit.go.jp/e/KAIYO/image/Continental_shelf_with_sediment.png
• Slide 9: http://www.arcticpeoples.org/component/k2/itemlist/date/2009/11?catid=154
• Slide 10: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Exclusive_Economic_Zones_Nulles.png
• Slide 12: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Landlocked_nations.svg
• Slide 14: http://www.ryanmarineinc.com/index.php
• Slide 17: http://www.solarnavigator.net/oil_rigs.htm
• Slide 18: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Law_of_the_Sea_Convention.png