4. Natural Disaster
Natural disasters are
catastrophic events with
atmospheric, geological,
and hydrological origins
(e.g., droughts,
earthquakes, floods,
hurricanes, landslides) that
can cause fatalities,
property damage and social
environmental disruption
5. Earthquakes
sudden, rapid shaking of the
earth,
caused by
โข the breaking and shifting of
underground rock.
โข rapid movement of the
earthโs crust or outer layer
6. Droughts and Famines
โข Famines are extreme shortages of food that cause people to die of
starvation.
โข Droughts are unusually long periods of insufficient rainfall
7. Floods
โข Heavy rainfall within a short
duration of time in a particular
region which causes the rivers
and streams to overflow
8. Tsunami
โข Tsunamis are massive sea waves that
are mainly caused due to earthquakes
in the ocean floor or possibly due to
an undersea landslide or volcanic
eruption.
โข When the ocean floor is tilted or
offset during an earthquake a set of
waves is created similar to the
concentric waves generated by an
object dropped into the water.
9. Hurricanes & Cyclone
โข Hurricanes are massive storm systems that
form over warm ocean waters and move
toward land. Potential threats from
hurricanes include powerful winds, heavy
rainfall, storm surges, coastal and inland
flooding, rip currents, tornadoes, and
landslides
โข Cyclone is an area of low atmospheric
pressure surrounded by a wind system
blowing in anti-clockwise direction, formed in
the northern hemisphere
10. Avalanche & Landslides
โข type of landslide involving a large mass of
snow, ice and rock debris that slides and fall
rapidly down a mountainside
โข masses of rock, earth or debris move down
a slope. Debris and mud flows are rivers of
rock, earth, and other debris saturated with
water
โข caused by a variety of factors including
earthquakes, storms, volcanic eruptions, fire
and by human modification of land.
11. Volcanic Eruptions
โข A volcanic eruption occurs
when molten rock, ash
and steam pour through a
vent in the earth's crust.
12. Manmade Disasters
โข Man-made disasters can include hazardous material spills, fires,
groundwater contamination, transportation accidents, structure
failures, mining accidents, explosions and acts of terrorism. There are
actions that we can take to prepare to react appropriately to these
events
13. Hazardous Material Incidents
โข Hazardous materials are chemicals that if accidentally released can
cause damage to the environment and health.
14.
15. Terrorism
โข Terrorism is designed to disrupt our lives and to scare us into making
changes in our national goals.
โข No one is immune from terrorism.
โข Biological attacks involve the release of germs or other biological
substance that results in illness.
18. Prevention, control and mitigation
1. Proper training of personnel working in the hazardous industries.
2. Proper maintenance and care of safety measures.
3. Removing human encroachments around hazardous industries.
4. Making the people aware about the first-aid methods in case of
accidents.
5. Applying wet cloth over the mouth and nose in case of gas leakages
minimizes the health hazards.
6. Remaining indoors in case of radioactive accidents.
7. Providing the people with proper medical care, in some cases throughout
their life.
8. Providing adequate compensation to the affected people by way of
money and employment.
19.
20. Disasters rescue forces
โข National Disaster
Response Force (NDRF)
is a specialised force
constituted "for the
purpose of specialist
response to a
threatening disaster
situation or disaster"
under the Disaster
Management Act, 2005