The new ME antenna is only one percent of the smaller antennas available in smart hardware

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The new ME antenna is only one percent of the smaller antennas
available in smart hardware
The new micro-antenna for the future can be used for wireless communications, Internet of
Things, wearable devices, smartphones and so on.
Recently, an article was published by Nature Communications magazine, describing a new
antenna design that states that an antenna that is 100 times smaller than today's small antennas
can be manufactured.
Figure, the current small antenna products
At present, the existing small antennas are all based on electromagnetic resonance, so the size of
the antenna needs to be based on the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. Practical
application of the antenna length at least greater than one-tenth of the wavelength of the last
decade, the antenna further miniaturization is already a public problem.
The design of the new ME antenna (one-thousandth the size of the wavelength) in the most
advanced small antennas to achieve 1-2 orders of magnitude reduction and performance did not
decline.
Breakthrough point of electromagnetic resonance and acoustic resonance
Antennas based on mutual conversion between alternating current and electromagnetic (EM)
wave radiation has been widely used in smartphones, tablet computers, radio frequency
identification systems, radars and the like, and this electromagnetic coupling resonance wave
technique limits the size of the existing antenna Further narrowing, especially at very high
frequency (VHF, 30-300MHz) and ultra-high frequency (UHF, 0.3-3GHz).

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The antenna presented in the paper is, therefore, an acoustically braked nano-mechanical ME
antenna with a suspended magnetic/piezoelectric film heterostructure that is received by the ME
effect at the membrane acoustic signal resonant frequency And launches electromagnetic waves.
Specifically, the acoustic waves in the ME antenna stimulate the magnetization oscillation of the
ferromagnetic film, resulting in the radiation of the electromagnetic waves, and vice versa, which
sense the magnetic field of the electromagnetic waves and produce the output of the
piezoelectric voltage.
Low-frequency limit
We all know that the higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength, the shorter the antenna.
But with the increase of frequency, many problems will appear.
The new antenna here uses a magnetic/piezoelectric heterostructure whose strain-induced
strong magnetic-electric (ME) coupling effect has been demonstrated at low frequencies to make
the energy transfer between magnetic and electric power more efficient.
However, scientists have proposed that the structure is strongly coupled at low frequencies, that
is, energy transfer is effective, does that mean that strong ME coupling in the radio frequency (RF)
dynamics can be achieved in the structure? If so, this would allow the use of a new
electromagnetic wave transmission and reception mechanism to radiate electromagnetic waves
to create an acoustically actuated nano-scale ME antenna.
However, except for strong interactions between sound waves and magnetizations at low
frequencies of several kilohertz, this strong interaction is limited by static or quasi-static
processes. And here is the dynamic process of radio frequency, the difficulty goes without saying.
Achieve and verify
In order to effectively solve the two major constraints, the researchers conducted a large number
of analysis and experiments and made many details on the basis of the existing antenna
improvements. Mainly in the following areas:
For device selection, a high resistivity silicon wafer was used as the substrate for the antenna

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device; on the magnetic multilayer deposition of the thin film structure, the researchers
specifically indicated that the FeGaB layer was deposited by RF sputtering using an Al2O3 target
where the deposition rate required X-ray reflectance calibration. In addition, the researchers
measured and analyzed the admittance amplitude of the antenna resonators and used a very
high-frequency lock-in amplifier to measure the electromagnetic induction voltage at different
frequencies.
In addition, to address the limitations of high-frequency dynamics, researchers have now
attempted two configurations, using nano-plate resonators (NPR) and thin-film bulk acoustic
resonators (FBARs), respectively.
In the experiment, the research team separately analyzed the response of the two
electromagnetic structures. Using the FEM software, COMSOL Multiphysics V5, in consideration
of the coupling between the magnetic field and the electric field in the magnetostrictive and
piezoelectric isomeric structures, .1 simulate the two structures separately and analyze the
frequency response of the simulation module, so that two different electromagnetic structures
can emit different frequencies.
To sum up:
Small ME antennas transmit and receive signals mainly based on the magneto-electric coupling
effect of acoustic resonance or electromagnetic resonance. These ME antennas are much smaller
than the most advanced electromagnetic resonance small antennas because the acoustic
wavelengths are much smaller than the wavelength of electromagnetic resonance.
In the experiment, the research team has already tried the design based on NPR and FBAR
structure. In the future, this new small antenna will be designed in a number of different
configurations for a wide range of operating frequencies, such as VHF (60MHz) and UHF
(2.525GHz).
In addition, NPR- and FBAR-based antennas can be fabricated on the same silicon wafer using the
same manufacturing process, which means that tens of megahertz wideband ME antenna arrays
can be integrated onto tens of gigahertz chips.
In the future, this tiny antenna is expected to be used in many fields such as wireless

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communications, Internet of Things, wearable devices, and smartphones.