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Struggle for rights and freedom
Struggle for rights and freedom
Avemaria college
Cause: Lavezaris’ Reversal
of Legazpi’s Sulayman
Leaders: Lakandula and Sulayman
Avemaria college
Cause: Abuses of Encomenderos
Proponents: Pampangueño leaders
Avemaria college
Cause: Regain Lost Freedom
Leaders: Agustin Legaspi (nephew of Lakandula)
Martin Pangan (gobernadorcillo of Tondo)
Magat Salamat (son of Lakandula)
Juan Banal (Tondo Chief)
Geronimo Basi (Agustin Legaspi’s brother)
Esteban Taes (Bulacan Chief)
Pedro Balinguit (Pandacan Chief)
Pitonggatan (Tondo Chief)
Felipe Salonga Polo Chief)
Dioniso Fernadez (Japanese Christian interpreter)
Conspirator:Antonio Surabao and Pedro Sarmiento
Retaliator: Governor General Santiago de Vera
Cause: Tribute
Avemaria college
Leader: Magalat
Conspirator: Filipino natives
Retaliator: Governor Francisco Tello
Cause: Tribute
Avemaria collegeCause: Refusal to
Accept New Religion
Leaders: Gabriel Dayag
Felix Catubay
Peace Advocate:
Fr. Pedro de Santo Tomas
Cause: Oppression of Spanish
Officials
Avemaria college
Cause: Return to Native Religion
Leader: Tamblot- a babaylan
Retaliator: Don Juan de Alcarazo
Cause: Return to Native Religion
Leaders: Bankaw –aged chieftain of Limasawa
Pagali-babaylan
Avemaria college
Leader: Pedro Ladia, descendant of Rajah Matan
Peace Advocate: Fr. Cristobal enriquez
Cause: Spanish Oppression
Cause: Controversial Decree to Send Carpenters
to the Cavite Shipyard
Leader: Dabao- Manobo Chieftain
Avemaria college
Leader: Juan Sumuroy
Cause: Forced Labor
Leader: Don Francisco Maniago- Chief in Mexico Village
Cause: frequent Recruitment of Men to Cut Timber in the
Mountains and Bandala
Peace Negotiator: Governor Manque de Lara
Avemaria college
Leader: Andres Malong
Cause: Spanish Oppression and the Desire to Replace
the Spaniards as Personal Rulers of the People
Retaliator: Don Felipe de Ugalde
Don Francisco Esteban
Leader: Pedro Gumapos
Cause:Continue Andres Malong’s Revolt (1661)
Avemaria college
Cause: Personal Ambitions
Leader: Pedro Almazan
Cause:Found a New Religion Under Native Supervisi
Leader : Tapay
Avemaria college
Cause: Refusal to Give His Brother a Christian Burial
Leader: Francisco Dagohoy
Retaliator: Governor Mariano Ricafort
Cause:His Improsenment, Abusive Government Officials, Heavy
Taxation
Leader: Diego Silang
Retaliator: Miguel VicosLeader: Gabriela Silang
Retaliator:Don Manuel de Arza
Avemaria college
Cause: Tribute, Spain’s Loss of Prestige Due
the British Occupation of Manila
Leader: Juan de la Cruz Palaris
Retaliator: Don Mariano de Arza
Cause: Wine Monopoly 1786
Avemaria college
Cause: Abolition of the Liberal Spanish Constitution
Leader: Simon Tomas
Cause: Feeling of Distrust between the Peninsulares
and Creoles
Leaders: Manuel Bayot
Jose Bayot
Joaquin Bayot
Avemaria college
Cause: Religious Freedom
Prominent: Apolinario de la Cruz A.K.A. Hermano Pule
Cause: Invasion of Mindanao and Sulu,
Preservation of Islam and the love and
adventure arising from the spoils of wars.
Avemaria college
Factors that give rise to the Filipino
Nationalism:
1. Spread of liberalism.
2. Sentiments against principles.
3. Racial prejudice.
4. Cultural changes.
5. Secularization controversy.
6. Cavite Mutiny of 1872.
Avemaria college
Aim: Peaceful Assimilation
Reforms:
1. Equality of the Spaniardsa nd Filipinos before the Laws
2. Restoration of the Philippine representation in the
Spanish Cortes
3. Secularization of Philippine parishes and expulsion of
friars
4. Human rights for Filipinos
Avemaria college
Propaganda Movement
Leaders:
Marcelo H. del Pilar
Graciano Lopez Jaena
Jose Rizal
Pedro A. Paterno
Antonio Luna
Pedro Serrano Laktaw
Isabelo de los Reyes
Spanish Friends: 1. Juan Atayde
2. Professor Miguel Morayta
Avemaria college
La Solidaridadwas established by Graciano
Lopez Jaena on December 31, 1888 in
Barcelona.
La Liga Filipina was founded by Jose
Rizal on July 3,1892 at Doroteo
Ongjunco, Tondo, Manila.
Objectives: Unification of the whole archipelago into
one compact, vigotrous, and
homogeneous body
Defense against violence and injustice
Encouragement of instruction, agricultur and commerce
Study and implementation of reforms
Avemaria college
Kataastaasan Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng
mga Anak ng Bayan was formed on July 7, 1892 led
by Andres Bonifacio.
-revolutionary society
- A government
• Sanguniang Bayan- province
• Sanguniang Balangay- town
Avemaria college
La Semilla
Gregoria de Jesus
Benita Rodriguez
Josefa Rizal
Trinidad Rizal
Kalayaan
-newspaper of the Katipunan
Avemaria college
Teodoro Patiño
-betrayed by telling the secrecy to Father Mariano
Gil on August 19, 1896
Cry of Balintawak
“Long Live the Philippine! Long live the
Katipunan”
On, August 29, 1896,Melchora Aquino was
arrested
Avemaria college
Magdalo Council
- headed by Baldomero Aguinaldo
Magdiwang Council
-headed by Mariano Alvarez
Avemaria college
Provincial Constitution of the Philippine
Republic aimed for separation of the
Philippines from Spanish Monarchy and
the formation of an independent state
Avemaria college
 BIYAK –NA-BATO
July 2 1897, President Aguinaldo issued a proclamation in
which the revolutionary demands were listed:
1. the expulsion of the friars and the return of the lands to the
Filipinos they appropriated themselves.
2. Representation in the Spanish Cortes
3. Freedom of the press and tolerance of all religious sects.
4. equal treatment and pay for civil servants.
5. Abolition of the power of the government to banish citizens
6. Legal equality for all persons.
November 1,1897, the Biyak-na-Bato Constitution was signed and
promulgated.
Avemaria college
 THE PACT OF BIYAK-NA-BATO
December 14 to December 15, 1897, the Pact of Biak-na-
Bato was signed. Consisting of three documents, it called
for the following agenda:
1. Program (first document):
1. The surrender of Aguinaldo and the rest of the
revolutionary corps.
2. Amnesty for those who participated in the revolution..
3. Exile to Hong Kong for the revolutionary leadership.
4. Payment by the Spanish government of $400,000 (Mexican
peso) to the revolutionaries in three installments: $200,000
(Mexican peso) upon leaving the country, $100,000 (Mexican
peso) upon the surrender of at least 700 firearms, and another
$200,000 (Mexican peso) upon the declaration of general
amnesty
Avemaria college
2. “Act of Agreement”
reiterated the granting of general amnesty to the rebels
who would lay down their arms.
3. The third document contais “Contains the questions of
indemnity.
Primo de Revera would pay the additional sum of
P900,000 to the families of non-combatant Filipinos who
were caught in the cross fire and suffered injury during the
armed conflict.
 FAILURE OF THE PACT OF BIYAK-NA-BATO
The failure of the Pact was that certain provisions
were not faithfully followed by both parties.
Avemaria college
The Spanish American War broke out on April
25,1898 and ended on August 12 of the same
year.
Reasons for Spanish American war
1.Cuban struggle for independence
2.Efforts of the Americans to extend influence
overseas
3.Sinking of the U.S. warship Maine
Avemaria college
 Commodore Dewey of America began the battle on May 1, 1898.
 On ay 21, Dewey urged the people to rise in arms and join the American in
a common struggle against the Spaniards.
 On May 24, 1898, Aguinaldo established a dictatorial government to
revoke the authority of Biak-na-Bato and unite the revolutionary forces.
 Dewey squadron dominated the bay thus the Spaniards were trapped in
within the city walls. Aguinaldo’s men had cut of the supply and water
during the seige
 Dewey demanded the surrender of Manila on August 7 and consequently,
the Spanish governor honorably conceded.
Struggle for rights and freedom

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Struggle for rights and freedom

  • 3. Avemaria college Cause: Lavezaris’ Reversal of Legazpi’s Sulayman Leaders: Lakandula and Sulayman
  • 4. Avemaria college Cause: Abuses of Encomenderos Proponents: Pampangueño leaders
  • 5. Avemaria college Cause: Regain Lost Freedom Leaders: Agustin Legaspi (nephew of Lakandula) Martin Pangan (gobernadorcillo of Tondo) Magat Salamat (son of Lakandula) Juan Banal (Tondo Chief) Geronimo Basi (Agustin Legaspi’s brother) Esteban Taes (Bulacan Chief) Pedro Balinguit (Pandacan Chief) Pitonggatan (Tondo Chief) Felipe Salonga Polo Chief) Dioniso Fernadez (Japanese Christian interpreter) Conspirator:Antonio Surabao and Pedro Sarmiento Retaliator: Governor General Santiago de Vera
  • 6. Cause: Tribute Avemaria college Leader: Magalat Conspirator: Filipino natives Retaliator: Governor Francisco Tello Cause: Tribute
  • 7. Avemaria collegeCause: Refusal to Accept New Religion Leaders: Gabriel Dayag Felix Catubay Peace Advocate: Fr. Pedro de Santo Tomas Cause: Oppression of Spanish Officials
  • 8. Avemaria college Cause: Return to Native Religion Leader: Tamblot- a babaylan Retaliator: Don Juan de Alcarazo Cause: Return to Native Religion Leaders: Bankaw –aged chieftain of Limasawa Pagali-babaylan
  • 9. Avemaria college Leader: Pedro Ladia, descendant of Rajah Matan Peace Advocate: Fr. Cristobal enriquez Cause: Spanish Oppression Cause: Controversial Decree to Send Carpenters to the Cavite Shipyard Leader: Dabao- Manobo Chieftain
  • 10. Avemaria college Leader: Juan Sumuroy Cause: Forced Labor Leader: Don Francisco Maniago- Chief in Mexico Village Cause: frequent Recruitment of Men to Cut Timber in the Mountains and Bandala Peace Negotiator: Governor Manque de Lara
  • 11. Avemaria college Leader: Andres Malong Cause: Spanish Oppression and the Desire to Replace the Spaniards as Personal Rulers of the People Retaliator: Don Felipe de Ugalde Don Francisco Esteban Leader: Pedro Gumapos Cause:Continue Andres Malong’s Revolt (1661)
  • 12. Avemaria college Cause: Personal Ambitions Leader: Pedro Almazan Cause:Found a New Religion Under Native Supervisi Leader : Tapay
  • 13. Avemaria college Cause: Refusal to Give His Brother a Christian Burial Leader: Francisco Dagohoy Retaliator: Governor Mariano Ricafort Cause:His Improsenment, Abusive Government Officials, Heavy Taxation Leader: Diego Silang Retaliator: Miguel VicosLeader: Gabriela Silang Retaliator:Don Manuel de Arza
  • 14. Avemaria college Cause: Tribute, Spain’s Loss of Prestige Due the British Occupation of Manila Leader: Juan de la Cruz Palaris Retaliator: Don Mariano de Arza Cause: Wine Monopoly 1786
  • 15. Avemaria college Cause: Abolition of the Liberal Spanish Constitution Leader: Simon Tomas Cause: Feeling of Distrust between the Peninsulares and Creoles Leaders: Manuel Bayot Jose Bayot Joaquin Bayot
  • 16. Avemaria college Cause: Religious Freedom Prominent: Apolinario de la Cruz A.K.A. Hermano Pule Cause: Invasion of Mindanao and Sulu, Preservation of Islam and the love and adventure arising from the spoils of wars.
  • 17. Avemaria college Factors that give rise to the Filipino Nationalism: 1. Spread of liberalism. 2. Sentiments against principles. 3. Racial prejudice. 4. Cultural changes. 5. Secularization controversy. 6. Cavite Mutiny of 1872.
  • 18. Avemaria college Aim: Peaceful Assimilation Reforms: 1. Equality of the Spaniardsa nd Filipinos before the Laws 2. Restoration of the Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes 3. Secularization of Philippine parishes and expulsion of friars 4. Human rights for Filipinos
  • 19. Avemaria college Propaganda Movement Leaders: Marcelo H. del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena Jose Rizal Pedro A. Paterno Antonio Luna Pedro Serrano Laktaw Isabelo de los Reyes Spanish Friends: 1. Juan Atayde 2. Professor Miguel Morayta
  • 20. Avemaria college La Solidaridadwas established by Graciano Lopez Jaena on December 31, 1888 in Barcelona. La Liga Filipina was founded by Jose Rizal on July 3,1892 at Doroteo Ongjunco, Tondo, Manila. Objectives: Unification of the whole archipelago into one compact, vigotrous, and homogeneous body Defense against violence and injustice Encouragement of instruction, agricultur and commerce Study and implementation of reforms
  • 21. Avemaria college Kataastaasan Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan was formed on July 7, 1892 led by Andres Bonifacio. -revolutionary society - A government • Sanguniang Bayan- province • Sanguniang Balangay- town
  • 22. Avemaria college La Semilla Gregoria de Jesus Benita Rodriguez Josefa Rizal Trinidad Rizal Kalayaan -newspaper of the Katipunan
  • 23. Avemaria college Teodoro Patiño -betrayed by telling the secrecy to Father Mariano Gil on August 19, 1896 Cry of Balintawak “Long Live the Philippine! Long live the Katipunan” On, August 29, 1896,Melchora Aquino was arrested
  • 24. Avemaria college Magdalo Council - headed by Baldomero Aguinaldo Magdiwang Council -headed by Mariano Alvarez
  • 25. Avemaria college Provincial Constitution of the Philippine Republic aimed for separation of the Philippines from Spanish Monarchy and the formation of an independent state
  • 26. Avemaria college  BIYAK –NA-BATO July 2 1897, President Aguinaldo issued a proclamation in which the revolutionary demands were listed: 1. the expulsion of the friars and the return of the lands to the Filipinos they appropriated themselves. 2. Representation in the Spanish Cortes 3. Freedom of the press and tolerance of all religious sects. 4. equal treatment and pay for civil servants. 5. Abolition of the power of the government to banish citizens 6. Legal equality for all persons. November 1,1897, the Biyak-na-Bato Constitution was signed and promulgated.
  • 27. Avemaria college  THE PACT OF BIYAK-NA-BATO December 14 to December 15, 1897, the Pact of Biak-na- Bato was signed. Consisting of three documents, it called for the following agenda: 1. Program (first document): 1. The surrender of Aguinaldo and the rest of the revolutionary corps. 2. Amnesty for those who participated in the revolution.. 3. Exile to Hong Kong for the revolutionary leadership. 4. Payment by the Spanish government of $400,000 (Mexican peso) to the revolutionaries in three installments: $200,000 (Mexican peso) upon leaving the country, $100,000 (Mexican peso) upon the surrender of at least 700 firearms, and another $200,000 (Mexican peso) upon the declaration of general amnesty
  • 28. Avemaria college 2. “Act of Agreement” reiterated the granting of general amnesty to the rebels who would lay down their arms. 3. The third document contais “Contains the questions of indemnity. Primo de Revera would pay the additional sum of P900,000 to the families of non-combatant Filipinos who were caught in the cross fire and suffered injury during the armed conflict.  FAILURE OF THE PACT OF BIYAK-NA-BATO The failure of the Pact was that certain provisions were not faithfully followed by both parties.
  • 29. Avemaria college The Spanish American War broke out on April 25,1898 and ended on August 12 of the same year. Reasons for Spanish American war 1.Cuban struggle for independence 2.Efforts of the Americans to extend influence overseas 3.Sinking of the U.S. warship Maine
  • 30. Avemaria college  Commodore Dewey of America began the battle on May 1, 1898.  On ay 21, Dewey urged the people to rise in arms and join the American in a common struggle against the Spaniards.  On May 24, 1898, Aguinaldo established a dictatorial government to revoke the authority of Biak-na-Bato and unite the revolutionary forces.  Dewey squadron dominated the bay thus the Spaniards were trapped in within the city walls. Aguinaldo’s men had cut of the supply and water during the seige  Dewey demanded the surrender of Manila on August 7 and consequently, the Spanish governor honorably conceded.