DETAIL INFORMATION ABOUT THREE GREEK ORDERS.

1. GREEK ORDERS
PRESENTED BY-
ANANYA SREYANSRI NANDA
3RD YEAR, B.ARCH

2. INTRODUCTION
1. MEANING OF ORDERS-
An order in architecture is an assemblage of parts which has uniform
proportions.
2. An order generally consists of two parts-
a. Column –
i. Base (bottom part)
ii. Shaft (middle part)
iii. Capital (top part)
b. Entablature -
i. Architrave (lower part)
ii. Frieze (middle part)
iii. Cornice (upper part)

3. UNIT OF MEASUREMENT
1. There are various methods to standardize orders.
2. According to Palladio, the unit is taken as one module.
3. One module = radius of column of base.
4. The module is generally divided into thirty parts.
5. The diameter of a column is set first before other dimensions.

4. PROPORTION OF ORDERS
1. There are three types of Greek orders-
a. Doric
i. Height of column- 7
ii. Height of entablature- 2
b. Ionic
i. Height of column- 9
ii. Height of entablature- 2
c. Corinthian
i. Height of column- 10
ii. Height of entablature- 2 &1/4

5. DORIC ORDER
1. Doric order comes from Dorians (ancient Greece)
2. Taken from temple of Parthenon at Athens.
3. COLUMN-
a. The height of column is seven times the diameter of its lower part.
b. Doric order has no base.
c. It stands on a platform of three steps known as crepidoma.
i. Plinth (bottom)
ii. Stereobate (middle)
iii. Dado or die (top)
d. The shaft has a convex profile called entasis.
e. It has straight sided column.
f. Circular shaft

7. DORIC ORDER
g. Shaft has twenty flutes.
Flutes- elliptical channels or grooves
h. The centre to centre distance of shaft is 2D.
i. The ending portion of shaft is known as necking.
Necking- band of shading.
4. ENTABLATURE-
a. Architrave –
i. Plain and ¾ D in height.
ii. Flat moulding at top- Taenia
b. Frieze –
i. ¾ d in height.
ii. Contains Triglyph and Metope
iii. Metopes generally contain sculptures of hunting, fighting, etc

9. DORIC ORDER
c. Cornice –
i. Crowning or topmost part.
ii. ½ D in height.
iii. Cymatium is present at the top.
Cymatium – curved shaped slab.
iv. It project beyond the frieze by one module.
v. It has flat blocks called ‘Mutules’
5. Greek’s first order.
6. Simplest of all orders.
7. Greek’s national order.

10. IONIC ORDER
1. Named after Ionians (ancient Greece)
2. Taken from temple ‘Erechtheion’
3. COLUMN-
a. Capital is nine times the height of the diameter.
b. Consists of a base.
c. The moulded base consists of torus.
Torus – moulded disc with plait ornament.
d. The shaft is circular in nature.
e. The shaft has 24 flutes.
f. It is remarkable for its volute or scroll capital.
g. ¾ D height.

12. IONIC ORDER
h. Column has volutes in the front and connected by flutes, beads at the
back.
i. An abacus is also present above the spiral scrolls.
4. ENTABLATURE-
a. Architrave –
i. ¾ D
ii. Consists of triple fasciae
iii. Leaf and dart ornamentation
b. Frieze –
i. ¾ D height.
ii. Mostly plain or ornamented by sculptures.

14. IONIC ORDER
c. Cornice –
i. Semi diameter high
ii. Cymatium is enriched by lotus and papyrus ornament
5. More ornamentation than Doric order.

15. CORINTHIAN ORDER
1. Taken from choragic monuments of Lysicrates
2. Most beautifully ornamented than both the orders
3. COLUMN-
a. Height of capital is 10 times the diameter
b. Contains torus and is separated by scotia and fillets
c. Circular shaft.
d. Has 24 flutes in the shaft.
e. Contains distinctive capital

17. CORINTHIAN ORDER
f. The lower part contains two rows of eight acanthus leaves resting on
lotus or water.
4. ENTABLATURE-
a. Architrave –
i. ¾ D high
ii. Divided into three fasciae
b. Frieze –
i. ¾ D high.
ii. Ornamented by sculptures

18. CORINTHIAN ORDER
c. Cornice –
i. ¾ d high and ornamented below the corona.

19. THANK YOU