1. The document discusses the importance of integrated farming systems for doubling farmers' incomes in India. It describes integrated farming as a whole farm management approach that combines crops, livestock, fisheries, and other enterprises to improve productivity and incomes in a sustainable way.
2. Integrated farming systems aim to better utilize farm resources and recycles wastes to increase incomes while maintaining environmental quality. Common integrated models pair crop production with dairy, poultry, fisheries or other livestock.
3. The document outlines various challenges in Indian agriculture and proposes that integrated farming systems can help address these by increasing yields, diversifying production, adding high-value crops, and improving resource use efficiency to boost incomes for small farmers.
1. DEPARTMENT OF FARM MACHINERY AND POWER ENGINERRING
IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM
FOR DOUBLING THE INCOME OF FARMING SYSTEM
SV COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY &
RS, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING,
INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, RAIPUR (CG)
Submitted by:
Amita Gautam
Ph.D. (FMPE)
Submitted to:
Dr. M.C. Bhambri
Chief Agronomist
2. INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM
Integrated Farming (IF) is a whole farm management system
which aims to deliver more sustainable agriculture.
The integrated farming system approach introduces a change in
the farming techniques for maximum production in the cropping
pattern and takes care of optimal utilization of resources.
It is the combination of one or more farm enterprises with
cropping ,when carefully chosen , planned and executed , gives
greater dividends than a single enterprise , especially for small
and marginal farmers.
IFS enterprises includes crop , livestock , poultry , fish , tree
crops , plantation crops etc.
The farm wastes are better recycled for productive purposes in
the integrated system, here nothing is wasted , by-product of one
system becomes input for other. Bio-waste recycling in IFS model
3. 1. To integrate different production systems like dairy , poultry , fishery , horticulture ,
sericulture , apiculture etc.
2. To increase farm resource use efficiency ( land , labour and production/ by products)
3. To promote multi-cropping in order to sustain land productivity.
4. To maintain environmental quality and ecological stability.
5. To increase farm income and gainful employment opportunity.
6. To reduce use of chemicals.
Objective of IFS
4. What is to be doubled?
Income of farmers, not farm incomes only, not the output or the income of the sector
or the value added or GDP of agriculture sector. i.e. Real Income not Nominal
Income
Nominal income is the income expressed in money terms and measured in current
currency (rupee, dollar etc.)
Real income is income of individuals or nations after adjusting for inflation.
RI = NI – Inflation
5. MAJOR CHALLENGES AND ISSUES IN AGRICULTURE
Occurrence of flood, drought and hail storm etc.
Delay sowing of crop.
High cost & less availability of hybrid seeds.
Lack of short duration high yielding varieties.
High cost of production.
Low storage and processing facilities.
Market fluctuation in cropping and off season.
Imbalance & more use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide.
Productivity of major crops is also low in comparison to
national level.
Lack of marketing facility.
Depleting ground water table
Lack of farmers awareness
Increasing environmental pollution
Increasing malnutrition
What is the solution?
Integrated Farming System
7. 1. BY INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY OF CROPS
Timely supply of good quality of sufficient seeds prior
to season.
Timely availability of good quality of inputs
Applying short duration high yielding varieties.
Increase simple sequence repeats (SRR) of hybrid
seeds
By promoting Farm Mechanization
By agricultural power and energy management
Application of Integrated Nutrient Management
Application of Integrated Pest Management
By increasing irrigation facilities & enhancing water-
use efficiency
8. IRRIGATION
A. 60 % loss of water in conveyance.
B. 30 – 40 % surface irrigation efficiency
C. 60 – 70 % sprinkler irrigation efficiency.
D. 80 – 90 % drip irrigation efficiency
E. Sprinkler and drip irrigation increases 30
– 90 % crop yield
F. Saving in fertilizer up to 40 %
G. Govt. subsidy on micro irrigation = 50 %
Water Use Efficiency
Sprinkler = 60 – 70 %
Drip = 80 – 90 % Furrow Irrigation = 40 – 45 %
SURFACE / BORDER / BASIN = 35 – 40 %Protected Agriculture = 20 – 40 %
9. • Agricultural Operations :
FOR CEREALS , PULSES AND OIL SEEDS: Land Tilling , Smoothening, Irrigation Water
Management, Seeding, Inter culturing, Manure – Fertilizer – Agro Chemicals Application,
Digging, Harvesting, Threshing, Winnowing, Drying, Color Sorting, De stoning, Milling,
Bagging, oil extraction, puffing , flaking, etc.
FOR FRUITS, VEGETABLES , TUBER CROPS AND SPICES: Seed / rhizome / tuber /
bulb clove / seedling Planting, inter culturing, earthlings, protection, harvesting, digging, curing,
cleaning, trimming, grading, sorting, drying, peeling, chipping, juicing, pulping. pasteurizing,
bottling , packing, Coconut dehusking, Cashew dehusking, Makhana puffing, etc. Sugar cane
planting, harvesting.
AGRICULTURAL POWER AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT
10. ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE OF MECHANISATION
(Vikram Yogi – 2017)
Item Enhancement (%)
PRODUCTIVITY 12-34
SAVING IN SEEDS 20
SAVING IN FERTILIZER 15-20
CROPPING INTENSITY 5-22
GROSS INCOME 29-49
FARM POWER AND CROP YIELD RELATION
STATE FARM POWER
kW / h
YIELD
Kg / h
Punjab 3.5 4032
Haryana 2.5 3750
UP & WB & AP 1.5 2540
Chhattisgarh and
Orissa
0.6 1100
Other state 0.5 to 1 1550
11. 2. BY INCREASING CROPPING INTENSITY
According to land capability, irrigation and other facilities
farm plan should be prepared for Kharif, Rabi and Garma
for 03 years e.g.
i. Paddy - wheat/pulses/Maize
ii. Maize – Wheat/Pulses/Maize
iii. Maize – Wheat/Pulses/Maize - Mung
iv. Vegetable (cauliflower) - potato - onion – mung
v. Maize/Vegetable – Potato-Potato-Onion-Mung
vi. Paddy (short duration) - vegetable - onion - maize
vii. Paddy - vegetable - maize
Short duration hybrid/HYV seeds to be used.
Use of rice fallow land
Rice- Makhana cropping System
12. 3. DIVERSIFICATION OF CROPPING SYSTEM WITH HIGH
VALUE CROPS
Cash crops- Sugarcane, Betel leaf
and Vegetables
Spices - Turmeric, Ginger, Dhania,
Garlic, Ajwain and Saunf
Mushroom Cultivation
Rearing of honey bee
Meditational plant
13. Synergise blending of crops/horticulture, dairy, fishery, and poultry to provide
regular income.
4. PROMOTION OF INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM
Role of Farming System
a. Food security
b. Provide balanced food
c. Quality food basket
d. High productivity and enhanced farm
income
e. Effective recycling of resources
f. Minimizing environmental pollution
g. Employment generation
14. Models used in integrated farming system :-
• Agricultural + livestock
• Agricultural + livestock + poultry
• Horticulture + fish culture + poultry
• Pig cum fish culture
• Sericulture + fish culture
• fish culture + sericulture
• Agricultural(rice) + fish+ mushroom cultivation
• Agricultural + duckery + poultry
• Poultry + fish culture Jyohas
22. 5. VALUE-ADDITION
Value-addition through storage , processing , pack house , referral van , ripening
chamber , warehouses , cold chain & marketing , etc.
23. 6. CREATE MARKETING FACILITIES FOR GETTING
BEST RECOVERY PRICE OF PRODUCE
Implementation of e-NAM
Formation of Farmers’ Co-operative Societies
Create more marketing channels (UP)
Market-oriented variety wise cultivation (by J&K)
Assured price scheme (by AP)
Effective procurement strategies to procure on MSP
(Rajasthan)
Trading policies should be farmer-oriented , not trader
Price-deficit financing scheme by M.P.
It provides e-marketing platform at
national level and support creation of
infrastructure to enable e-marketing.
It brings in transparency and
competition to enable farmers to get
improved remuneration for their produce
moving towards ‘One Nation’ ‘One
Market’.
24. 7. BY REDUCING COST OF PRODUCTION
Subsidy on farm inputs, mechanization in light of market
price, transport, subsidy on diesel etc.
Provision of subsidy on hybrid variety of seeds( HYV) in
light of market price.
Use of green manur e.g. Dhaincha, Moong, Cowpea,
Sunhemp etc.
Application of balance dose of fertilizer on the basis of
soil health card.
Promotion of custom hiring system.
Use of bio fertilizers e.g. Rhizobium, Azotobactor, Azolla,
Blue green Algae, Mycorrhiza
Promotion of zero tillage technology.
Use of Organic fertilizers and Manures
Use of Gobar/Bio gas
25. 8. Protected cultivation of vegetables and flowers with
Micro irrigation
9. Management of post-harvest losses for horticultural crops
10. Digitization of Land Records
11. Certificate of cultivation for tenant farmers by AP
12. Provision for practicing kitchen gardening for Urban
households and poor people.
13. Implementation of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
(PMFBY)
14. Regular region wise weather forecasting.
15. Agro forestry
16. Construction of water harvesting structures
17. Risk Management to cope up with climate change ,
through Climate Smart Agriculture
It was launched on 1st July, 2015 with
the motto of ‘Har Khet Ko Paani’ for
providing end-to end solutions in
irrigation supply chain, viz. water
sources, distribution network and farm
level applications.
PMKSY not only focuses on creating
sources for assured irrigation, but also
creating protective irrigation by
harnessing rain water at micro level
through ‘Jal Sanchay’ and ‘Jal
Sinchan’.
Micro irrigation is to be popularised to
ensure ‘Per drop-More crop’.
26. REFERENCE:-
1. Jayanthilal, C., Rangasamy, A., Mythili, S., Balusamy, M., Chinnusamy, C., Sankaran,
N. (2003). Sustainable productivity and profitability to integrated farming systems in
low land farms. In: Extended summaries. National Symposium on Farming System
Research on New Millennium, PDCSR, Modipuram. pp. 79-81.
2. Sanjeev kumar et al., (2012). Economic analysis of different components and system
under two acre IFS module.
3. Rana, S. S., (2015). Recent Advances in Integrated Farming Systems. Department of
Agronomy, College of Agriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya,
Palampur, 193-196.
Microsatellite markers were used for fingerprinting of hybrids, assessing variation within parental lines and testing the genetic purity of hybrid seed lot in rice. In this study 35 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers were employed for fingerprinting 2 popular rice hybrids and their parental lines. Six SSR markers were found polymorphic across the hybrids and produced unique fingerprint for the 2 hybrids.