Industrial Waste Management

1. INDUSTRIAL WASTE
MANAGEMENT
Alok Ranjan and Gayathri Chandrashekhar
SOE, CUSAT
Dept. : Safety and Fire Engineering

2. Research Topics
• Industrial Wastes and Classification
Hazardous and Non-Hazardous
• Industrial Waste Management
Typical Techniques:
- Landfill
- Incineration
- Deep Well Injection
• Effective Strategy for Industrial Waste Management
- 4 Rs
- Industrial Symbiosis

3. Industrial Wastes Definition
• Industrial waste refers to the solid, liquid and gaseous
emissions, residual and unwanted wastes from an
industrial operation.
• Example :
1 Refineries: oil, grease, suspended solids, phenols,
sulphides and ammonia nitrogen.
2 Chemical : acids, bases, suspended solids
3 Pulp and paper: dioxins and furans produced
from the chlorine used in the
bleaching process

4. Introduction
• Fastest growing pollution
problem.
• Municipal solid wastes
1.3 billion tonnes to 2.2 billion
tonnes by 2025.
• U.S. generate about 8 billion
tons of waste each year, about
265 million tonnes of which
were hazardous in 1990 under
Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA).
• India, about 4.43 million tons
of hazardous wastes are
generated annually.
Region Million tonnes per year
sub-Saharan Africa (SAR) 62
East Asia and the Pacific
Region(EAP) 270
Eastern and Central Asia (ECA) 93
Latin America and the Caribbean
(LAC) 160
Middle East and North Africa
(MENA) 63
Organisation for Economic Co-
operation and Development
(OECD) countries 572
Waste Generation by Region

5. * source: www.worldbank.org
** The above statistics predicts that in the coming 15 years , the rate of waste production will
almost be doubled
Waste Generation Projections for 2025 by Region

6. Hazardous waste and Non-Hazardous wastes
• Hazardous industrial waste :
- May cause danger to health and environment..
- flammable, irritant, harmful, toxic, carcinogenic,
corrosive, infectious
• Non-Hazardous industrial waste:
- Similar to household waste by its nature and
composition.
- Need not to be taken care about

7. Industrial Waste management
• Involves collection, transport. processing or disposal.
managing and monitoring of waste materials.
Typical Techniques:
- Waste Avoidance and Waste Minimisation
- Landfills
- Incineration
- Deep Well Injection
Effective Strategies:
- The 4 R’s Strategy
- Industrial Symbiosis

8. Landfills
• Disposal of waste by
burying the waste
• Need Land
• Chances of release
• Not in my backyard

9. Deep Well Injection
• Seems to be a
good idea
• But not without
risk
• Chances of
leakage to the
groundwater

10. Incineration
• Incineration is a disposal method in which solid organic
wastes are subjected to combustion so as to convert
them into residue and gaseous products.
• volumes of solid waste to 20 to 30 percent of the original
volume
• Quite an effective way

11. The 4 R’s Strategy
• Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Recover
• Especial emphasis on Recovery
• Waste to Energy generation
• According to a recent data from Ministry of New and
Renewable Energy (MNRE), there exists a potential of
about 1300MW from industrial wastes.

12. The 4 R’s Strategy contd…
• Smith and Vandiver Inc. of Watsonville, California reuses its
boxes and thus saves both storage space and $20,000 a
year in material.
• Recycling of concrete
• Subaru of Indiana Automotive
- earn the title of the first automotive assembly plant in
the U.S. to achieve zero landfill status
- Covanta, a world‐leading provider of renewable waste
and energy solutions

13. Industrial Symbiosis
Industrial symbiosis is an association between two or
more industrial facilities or companies in which the wastes
or byproducts of one become the raw materials for
another.
• (The Fertilizers And Chemicals Travancore Limited )
FECT provides gypsum to NSS Trade India.
• Coir Pith as a resource for terrace farming

14. Eco-Industrial Parks
• An eco-industrial park (EIP) is an industrial park in
which businesses cooperate with each other and with
the local community in an attempt to reduce waste and
pollution.
• They efficiently share resources (such as information,
materials, water, energy, infrastructure, and natural
resources), and help achieve sustainable development,
with the intention of increasing economic gains and
improving environmental quality.

15. EIP contd..

16. A typical example: Kalundborg Eco-Industrial Park
• It is an industrial symbiosis network located in Kalundborg, Denmark,
in which companies in the region collaborate to use each other's by-
products and otherwise share resources.

17. CONCLUSION
• Wherever possible, waste reduction is the preferable
option.
• If waste is produced, every effort should be made to reuse
it if practicable.
• Recycling is the third option in the waste management
hierarchy.
• Recovery should be given equal importance.
• Industrial Symbiosis should be encouraged.

18. REFERENCE
1. Trivedy, R.K. Industry and Environment ,2002. Daya publishing house, p.152-161
2. Devan, J.M., and Sudarshan, K.N. Hazardous waste management, 2008. Discovery
Publishing house , New Delhi. pp 250
3. http://www.colorado.edu/ (last visited on 1 February 2017)
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_waste (last visited on 1 February 2017)
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste_management (last visited on 1 February 2017)
6. http://www.eai.in/ (last visited on 1 February 2017)
7. Websites: zerolandfillpledge.com (last visited on 1 February 2017)
8. US-EPA (2016), EPA’s Guide for Industrial Waste Management, p.3.1-3.10
9. https://www.iisd.org/ (last visited on 1 February 2017)
10. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eco-industrial_park (last visited on 1 February 2017)