A Presentation ByMr. Allah dad KhanVisiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar allahdad52@gmail.com

2. 1. Protected Areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,
Distribution, Key species and threats.
2. Protected Areas, its role in Wildlife
Conservation.
3. A brief description of National Parks in
Pakistan.

3. 1. Enforcement of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife and
Biodiversity (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and
Management) Act, 2015.
2. Establishment of Protected Areas and Protected Areas
system.
3. Participatory Management: involvement of local
communities/stake holders.

4. Session No. 1
Protected Areas Management:
Muhammad Arif Orakzai
Project Director
National Parks Project in KP

5.  Concept of Protected Areas
- Definition
- Categories
- Objectives
 Historical overview
- Global context
- National context
- Regional Context
 Multilateral Agreements dealing with Protected Areas Management
 PAs in Pakistan with focus on National Parks.
 Description of National Parks in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
 PAs: A tool for Conservation of Biodiversity (case studies)
- Chitral Gol National Park
- Ayubia National Park
 Issues in Management of Protected Areas

6.  Protected Area
 “An area of land and/or sea especially dedicated
to the protection and maintenance of biological
diversity, and of natural and associated cultural
resources, and managed through legal or other
effective means” (IUCN 1994)

7. Cat Description
I Strict Nature Reserve/Wilderness Area: Protected area
managed mainly for science or wilderness protection.
Ia Strict Nature Reserve: Protected area managed mainly for science.
Ib Wilderness Area: Protected area managed mainly for wilderness
protection.
IV Habitat/Species Management Area: Protected area managed
mainly for conservation through management intervention.
II National Park: Protected area managed mainly for ecosystem
protection and recreation.
III Natural Monument: Protected area managed mainly for conservation
of specific natural features.
VI Managed Resource Protected Area: Protected area managed
mainly for the sustainable use of natural ecosystems.
V Protected Landscape/Seascape: Protected area managed
mainly for landscape/seascape conservation and recreation.

8. Objectives of PAs
Scientific research
Wilderness protection
Preservation of species and genetic
diversity (biodiversity)
Maintenance of environmental
services
Protection of specific natural/ cultural
features
Tourism and recreation
Education
Sustainable use of resources from
natural ecosystems
Maintenance of cultural/traditional
attributes
Key: 1 = Primary objective; 2 = Secondary objective; 3 = Potentially applicable objective;
– = not applicable.
Ia
1
2
1
2
–
–
–
–
–
Ib
3
1
2
1
–
2
–
3
–
II
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
3
–
VI
3
2
1
1
3
3
3
1
2
III
2
3
1
–
1
1
2
–
–
IV
2
3
1
1
3
3
2
2
–
V
2
–
2
2
1
1
2
2
1

9.  History of PAs is over 2000 years old
• Area around Madina (Buraid)
• Royal decrees in India protected certain sites
• Sacred places in Africa
• Hunting ground in Europe

10. Modern PAs concept/movement has 19th
century origin
Yellowstone National Park in NA – 1872

11. Banff National Park – 1885

12.  Royal National Park Australia 1879
 Tongariro NP New Zealand 1894
 Masai Forest Reserve SA 1892
Twentieth century is marked with many episodes
related to PAs
- Legislation
- Definitions
- Categories
- Commissions
- Organizations
- PAs system

14. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Article 8: In-situ Conservation
(a) Establish a system of protected areas or areas where special measures need to
be taken to conserve biological diversity;
(b) Develop, where necessary, guidelines for the selection, establishment and
management of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be
taken to conserve biological diversity;
(c) Regulate or manage biological resources important for the conservation of
biological diversity whether within or outside protected areas, with a view to
ensuring their conservation and sustainable use;
(d) Endeavour to provide the conditions needed for compatibility between
present uses and the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable
use of its components;
(e) Encourage the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of
knowledge, innovations and practices;
(f) Develop or maintain necessary legislation and/or other regulatory
provisions for the protection of threatened species and populations;

15. Target 11
By 2020, at least 17 per cent of terrestrial and inland water, and 10 per cent of coastal
and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and
ecosystem services, are conserved through effectively and equitably managed,
ecologically representative and well connected systems of protected areas and other
effective area-based conservation measures, and integrated into the wider landscapes
and seascapes.

16. 1971 – produced a report
Lion, Great One-horned Rhinoceros, Tiger, Cheetah,
Wild dog – extinct
31 species of mammals, 20 species of birds, 5 species of
reptiles – endangered
Creation of Protected Areas/special areas – national
park, wildlife sanctuary , game reserve
1968 – Wildlife Enquiry Committee (WEC)
Lal Suhanra – 51367 hectare in 1972

17. National Conservation Strategy – 1992
• long term goal for PAs includes 35 NPs, 27 wetland
reserves of international importance,
BAP recommendations for PAs
•Development of Protected Areas legislation
•Enhancement of Protected Areas Management
•Preparation of Protected Areas system plan
•Exploring potential areas for trans-boundary peace parks
•Restore degraded ecosystems within protected areas and in
adjacent lands and corridors.
Biodiversity Action Plan

18. Region National
Parks
Wildlife
Sanctuaries
Game
Reserve
Un-
Classifi
ed
Total PAs Area covered
(Hectares) (%)
Azad Jammu &
Kashmir
8 0 8 0 12 51,998 3.91
Protected Areas in Pakistan
Balochistan 2 14 8 7 31 1,837,704 5.29
Punjab 5 37 19 0 58 3,315,803 16.14
Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
6 3 144 5 158 1,033,230 12.00
Sindh 1 35 14 4 54 1,307,575 9.27
Federal Territory 1 1 1 0 3 94,186 1.00

19. National park Established Area District(s) Province
Chinji 1987 6,095 ha (15,061 acres) Chakwal Punjab
Kala Chitta 2009 36,965 ha (91,343 acres) Attock Punjab
Margalla Hills 1980 17,386 ha (42,962 acres)
Islamabad,
Rawalpindi
Punjab
Murree-
KotliSattian-
Kahuta
2009 57,581 ha (142,286 acres) Rawalpindi Punjab
Lal Suhanra 1972 87,426 ha (216,034 acres) Bahawalpur Punjab

20. National park Established Area District(s) Province
Hazarganji-
Chiltan
1980 15,555 ha (38,437 acres) Quetta Balochistan
Hingol 1988 165,004 ha (407,734 acres)
Awaran, Gwadar
and Lasbela
Balochistan
National Park of Sindh
National park Established Area District(s) Province
Kirthar 1974 308,733 ha (762,896 acres) Dadu Sindh

21. National park Established Area District(s) Province
Shandure-
Phander
National Park
2012 3,312 ha (8,184 acres) Ghizer Gilgit Baltistan
Khunjerab 1975 226,913 ha (560,714 acres) Gilgit Gilgit Baltistan
Central
Karakoram
1993 1,390,100 ha (3,435,012 acres) Gilgit and Skardu Gilgit Baltistan
K2 — 233,468 ha (576,912 acres) Gilgit, Skardu Gilgit Baltistan
Qurumber 2011 74,000 ha (182,858 acres) Ghizer Gilgit-Baltistan
Deosai 1993 358,400 ha (885,626 acres) Skardu Gilgit Baltistan

22. National park Established Area District(s) Province
National Parks of Azad Kashmir
Deva Vatala 2009 2,993 ha (7,396 acres) Bhimber Azad Kashmir
Ghamot 2004 27,271 ha (67,388 acres) Neelum Azad Kashmir
Gurez 2009 52,815 ha (130,509 acres) Neelum Azad Kashmir
Machiara 1996 13,532 ha (33,438 acres) Muzaffarabad Azad Kashmir
PirLasura 2005 5,625 ha (13,900 acres) Kotli Azad Kashmir
Poonch River
Mahaseer
2010 4,500 ha (11,120 acres)
Kotli, Mirpur and
Poonch
Azad Kashmir
ToliPir 2005 5,045 ha (12,466 acres) Poonch Azad Kashmir
PanjalMastan 2005 5,045 ha (12,466 acres) Bagh District Azad Kashmir

23. National park Established Area District(s) Province
Chitral Gol 1984 7,750 ha (19,151 acres) Chitral
Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
Ayubia 1984 3,300 ha Abbattabad
Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
Sheikh Buddin 1993 15,540 ha (38,400 acres) Dera Ismail Khan
Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
Lulusar-
Dudipatsar
2003 30,375 ha (75,058 acres) Mansehra
Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
SaifulMuluk 2003 4,867 ha (12,027 acres) Mansehra
Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
Broghil Valley 2010 134,744 ha (332,960 acres) Chitral
Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa

24. Established: 2010
Total Area: 134744 hectaresBroghil National Park

25. Established: 1984
Total Area: 7750 hectaresChitral Gol National Park
Habitat types: Alpine meadows and dry temperate.
• The highest No. of Kashmir Markhor in Pakistan.
• 15 mammal species.
• 173 bird species.
• 13 reptile species
• 3 amphibian species.

26. Established : 2003
Total Area: 30387 hectares
Lolusar-Dodipat National Park
Habitat types: Alpine meadows , sub alpine pastures,
wet lands and dry temperate.
• 47 bird species.
• 6 mammal species.

27. Established : 2003
Total Area: 4868 hectaresSaiful Malook National Park
Habitat types: Permanent snow field/ cold desert,
alpine meadows, sub alpine pastures and
wetlands.
• 51 bird species.
• 6 mammal species

28. Ayubia National Park Established : 1984
Total Area: 3312 hectares
Habitat types: Moist temperate and sub alpine pastures
• 757 vascular plant species.
• 31Mammal species.
• 203 Bird species.
• 16 Reptile species.
• 3 Amphibian species
• 650 insects species.

29. Established : 1999
Total Area: 15540 hectaresShiekh Buddin National Park
Habitat types: Sub tropical / scrub

31. Case Study -2;
Chitral Gol National Park
Impact on population of
Markhor

32.  Inadequate financial and human resources with the Department to
manage the PAs effectively.
 Inadequate involvement of the stakeholder/local communities in benefit-
responsibility sharing for management of the PAs. Public-private
partnership in PAs not institutionalized.
 Weak linkages between conservation of biological resources in the PAs
and development of the surrounding local communities.
 Non-compatibility of the management processes in the PAs with the
provision of the Multi-lateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs).
 Inadequate research in biological and social sciences in PAs to ensure
adaptive management.
 Lack of awareness amongst visitors regarding potential eco-tourism
component and other important role of PAs in conservation and
development.