Spirillaceae is a family of bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes. It includes the genus Spirillum. Spirillaceae bacteria have a rigid, spiral or helical shape. They are gram-negative, typically 5-250 micrometers long and 0.1-0.6 micrometers wide. Their flagella are located between the inner and outer membranes. They can move via twisting caused by their flagella and reproduce through binary fission. Some Spirillum species can cause diseases like rat-bite fever.

1. Spirillaceae

2. Bacteria:
Spirochaetes
Family :
Spirochaetaceae Leptospiraceae Spirillaceae
Species:
Treponema Leptospira Spirillum
Borrelia

3. What is spirillacea?
• rigid spirally curved elongate bacteria
• Spirillaceae is a family of bacteria Spirochaetes
• It has been described as a member of
Nitrosomonadales ,in Betaproteobacteria
Spiral shape
of Spirillaceae

4. • Domain : Bacteria
• Phylum : Protobacteria
• Class : Betaprotobacteria
• Order : Nitrosomonadales
• Family : Spirillaceae
• Genera : spirillum

5. Characteristics
• Type : Gram negative bacteria
• Shape : long, helically coiled (spiral-shaped) cells
• Nature : chemoheterotrophic
• Lengths : between 5 and 250 µm and diameters
around 0.1-0.6 µm
• Special : Differ from other bacteria by the
location of the flagella / axial fillament which
located between the bacterial inner membrane
and outer membrane in periplasmic space.

6. Cont’d
• Mobility : Effect of the flagella cause a twisting
motion which allows the spirochaete to move
about.
• Reproduction : a spirochaete will undergo
asexual transverse binary fission.
• Others : Most spirochaetes are free-living
and anaerobic
gram- stained
spirochaetes

7. Various screw bacteria
a) Borrelia,
b) Treponema,
c) Leptospira

8. a) Spirillum undulata
b) Spirillum rubrum
c) Spirillum volutans
d) Vibrio cholerae
In studying movement
of bacteria the
student should not
confuse it with
"Brownian
movement", the
trembling of minute
objects when highly
magnified. This is
likely due to a
molecular
bombardment.

9. Disease
• Spirillum minus and Streptobacillus
moniliformis arespecies of Spirillum.
• Spirillum minus cause rat-bite fever
illness caused by bacteria transmitted
Rat Bite by rodents, rats, in most cases, which is
Fever ?? passed from rodent to human via the
rodent's urine or mucous secretions.

10. Effects of Rat-Bite fever

12. Trouble maker!!