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Home » Social , Social Issues » Scope of Demography or Scope of Population Studies
Scope of Demography or Scope of Population StudiesScope of Demography or Scope of Population Studies
Written By Unknown on Thursday, 21 August 2014 | 22:36
The scope of demography is very wide. It includes the subject matter of demography, is it a micro or macro
study? Whether it is a science or art? These are vexed questions about the scope of demography about which
there is no unanimity among writers on demography. We discuss them as under:
1) Size of Population.
2) Composition of Population.
3) Distribution of Population
4) Fertility, Mortality and Migration
5) Labor Force
6) Social Demography
7) Population Policy
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25 August 2014
Uses of Census
25 August 2014
Stages of census
methods/How a
national census is
taken
25 August 2014
Salient features/
Nature of census
22 August 2014
Land Reforms

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1. Size of Population: PS is fundamentally study and the form of its size. The students of population study are
interest in studying the size of population. The want to know the changes that are taking place in the size of
population. In this aspect three important components should bear mind:
a. Size
b. Place
c. Time.
a. Size: may be affected because of higher or lower birth and death rates and migration factors. These
components affect the size of the population.
b. Place: the population studies explain the population phenomena that take place, situations and the changes
in the contents of biological, social, economical, settings.
c. Time: the size and time do not remain the same. The population changes from time to time and it depends
on the socio economic conditions.
2. Composition of Populations: Includes the measurable characteristic of population of community in a country
during the particular period. The characteristic of population are; age, sex, marital status, educational level,
religion, caste, race and health etc.. Population study tries to nd out the changes in the characteristic which
in uences on size and distribution of Population because this characteristic generally changing. The
population study not only studies the changing factors but also the variables responsible for the changes.
3. Distribution of Populations: the distribution of population generally studied according to geographical area.
It includes percentage and density of population. The factors affecting population distributions are;
geographical, social and Economic, etc. It also studied by classi cation of residence, includes rural and urban
residence growth of urbanization, ratio of urban rural population, locality of residence inhabitance etc..
Population study conducted the concerning levels and trends of population distribution. It tries to study the
density and the percentage causes and factors affecting the population.
4. Fertility, Mortality and Migration: The important eld of birth rate, birth order, family size, sterility and
contraception etc. Population studies in uence of biological limits social norms upon fertility. It also studies
the reproductive span in addition to that physiological, Social and cultural factors affecting fertility, the
interval between the successive work, reproductive wastage etc..
Another important eld of studies is Mortality, it includes studies of sex, age pattern, causes of death, level
and trends of mortality and difference in mortality such as rural, urban, occupation etc..
Migration, it studies the general trends of migration, migration movements, place of origin and destination,
migration intervals and streams. It also studies differential migration as age, sex, marital status and
educational attainments, and also national and international migration.
5. Labor Force: study is made of economically active population both employed and unemployed, that is not
economically active such as, homemakers, students and income recipients the basic measure of economic
activity or labor force analysis include the crude labor force, The age, sex speci c labor force participation, the
standardized labor force participation rate etc…besides National and International, employment and
unemployment etc.. are under taken.
6. Social Demography; It includes study of demographical aspect of social intuition particularly family and
marriage. The study of marriage includes marital status, age at marriage, time and trend, marriage frequency,
marriage by religious group, education level etc..
It also studies extent of widow hood age by religion, duration of reunion, method of computation.
7. Population Policies; the development of country today very much depend upon population policies.

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Population policies include, philosophy, guiding principle, organizational structure and service and supplies,
educational motivation, family planning target and family planning progress and achievement etc.. Population
Policies in different country are developing according to local requirement.
The above discussion the nature and scope of demography include only the major and established area. The
scope of demography has been constantly increasing. Therefore the new area of research and study are been
explored. Thus the scope is constantly widened.
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