4. Social Movements and Democratization in Mexico
Abstract
This thesis demonstrates that Mexican democratization is a result of
confrontation of the social movements and the PRI (Institutional
Revolutionary Party) government rather than an outcome of merely rational
interactions of ruling elites, as numerous researchers tend to suggest. It
argues that although ruling elites and pressures from international actors have
a lot to do with Mexican democratization, social movements play the most
important role promoting democratization in Mexico.
This study analyzes the relation between social movements and
democratization. In this sense, it raises two important questions as followed.
The first is, “how do the Mexican social movements promote
democratization?” The second is, “what kind of democratization do the
Mexican social movements promote?” Answers to these questions are
provided through the examination of the electoral-democracy movement
(1986~1991), the pro-democracy movement (1991~1996), and the Zapatista
movement (1994~1997) through the lens of the society-centered approach
and Charles Tilly’s democratization theory. In sum, the author hopes to
describe a more complete picture of Mexican democratization process as well
as shed some light on the democratization experience of Taiwan.
Key words: Mexico; social movement; Zapatista Movement; democratization;
political development; civil society; Charles Tilly
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11. 墨西哥重要政黨、組織、政府機構縮寫簡表
縮寫 中文 西班牙文 英文
AC 公民聯盟 Alianza Cívica Civic Alliance
Academia Mexicana de Mexican Human
AMDH 墨西哥人權學院
Derechos Humanos Rights Academy
Clandestine
Comité Clandestino Revolutionary
原住民革命秘密委員會
CCRI-CG Revolucionario Indígena - Indigenous
總指揮部
Comandancia General Committee-General
Command
Committee of Defense
Comité de Defensa y
CDP 保衛人民委員會 and Preservation in
Preservación de Durango
Durango
Federal Electoral
CEF 聯邦選舉委員會 Comité Electoral Federal
Committee
Confederación Nacional Confederation of
CNC 全國農民聯盟
Campesina National Peasants
Comisión Nacional de los National Commission
CNDH 國家人權委員會
Derechos Humanos of Human Rights
CNH 全國抗爭會議 Consejo Nacional de Huelga National Strike Council
National Indigenous
CNI 全國原住民議會 Congreso Nacional Indígena
Congress
National Confederation
Confederación Nacional de
CNOP 全國人民組織聯盟 of Popular
Organizaciones Populares
Organizations
Coalición de Obreros, Coalition of Labors,
COCEI 地峽工農學聯盟 Campesinos, y Estudiante Farmers, and Students
del Istmo of the Isthmus
National Commission
Comisión de Concordia y
COCOPA 協調暨和解委員會 of Concord and
Pacificación
Pacification
National
Comisión Nacional de Intermediation
CONAI 國家調解委員會
Intermediación Commission
CONCAMIN 墨西哥工商協會聯盟 Confederación de Cámaras Federation of Industrial
ix
12. Industriales de los Estados Chambers of the
Unidos Mexicanos Mexican United States
Confederation of
Confederación de Cámaras
CONCANACO 全國商業團體聯盟 National Chambers of
Nacionales de Comercio
Trade
National Confederation
Confederación Nacional de
CONAMUP 全國城市大眾運動聯盟 of Urban Popular
Movimiento Urbano Popular
Movement
Convergence of Civil
Convergencia de Organismos
Covergencia 公民組織民主整合聯盟 Organizations for the
Cíviles por la Democracia
Democracy
Confederación de Mexican Labors
CTM 墨西哥勞工聯盟
Trabajadores de México Confederation
Coordinadora Única de Earthquake Victims
CUD 災民聯合組織
Damnificados Coordinating Body
Ejército Zapatista para Zapatist National
EZLN 薩巴達國民解放軍
Liberación Nacional Liberation Army
National Democratic
FDN 全國民主陣線 Frente Democrática Nacional
Front
Frente Popular Tierra y Popular Front of Land
FPTyL 大眾土地與自由陣線
Libertad and Liberty
Federación de Sindicatos de Federation of Workers'
FSTSE 公務員勞工聯盟 Trabajadores al Servicio del Unions to the Service
Estado of the State
Frente Zapatista para Zapatist National
FZLN 薩巴達國民解放陣線
Liberación Nacional Liberation Front
Federal Electoral
IEF 聯邦選舉院 Institulo Electoral Federal
Institute
Movimiento Revolucionario People Revolutionary
MRP 人民革命運動
del Pueblo Movement
Organización de Izquierda Left Revolutionary
OIR-LM 左翼革命組織-人民陣線 Revolucionaria-Línea de Organization-Mass
Masas Line
PAN 國家行動黨 Partido Acción Nacional National Action Party
Partido Auténtico de la Authentic Party of the
PARM 真正墨西哥革命黨
Revolución Mexicana Mexican Revolution
Partido del Frente Cardenista Cardenist Front for
PFCRN 卡德納斯國家重建黨
de Reconstrucción National
x
13. Reconstruction Party
PPS 大眾社會主義黨 Partido Popular Socialista Popular Socialist Party
Partido Socialista Unido de United Socialist Party
PSUM 墨西哥團結社會主義黨
México of México
Partido de la Revolución Democratic Revolution
PRD 民主革命黨
Democrática Party
Partido Revolucionario Institutional
PRI 革命建制黨
Institucional Revolutionary Party
Union of Popular
UCP 墾殖聚落人民聯盟 Unión de Colonias Populares
Colonies
xi