1. CHEMICAL
CLEANING

2. SUBJECT OF PRESENTATION
 Product Knowledge (Sub-Contract, Ready Stock)
 Application System
 How to Replace Existing Supplier
(Technical & Non-Technical Aspect)
 Cleaning Process
 All about chemical cleaning & other business
(Marketing Assessment)
 How to get Customer : Information  Presentation 
Closing (PO/MOU)  Survey  Handling  Invoice

3. BUSINESS PLAN
 Chemical Cleaning
 Boiler Treatment
 Cooling Treatment
 Media Filter (Carbon Filter & Ion Exchange)
 Seawage / Waste Water Treatment
(Bacteriagard / Biopower  Nutrition for Bacterial)
 Maintenance Filter & Exchanger (Strainer Local & Import)

4. SCALE / DEPOSIT
 REDUCE THE HEAT EXCHANGE
 CONTINOUS CORROSION
 METAL WASTES
 PIPING/EQUIPMENT FAILURE

5. CLEANING SYSTEM
 What chemical / scale removal will be apply ?
 Concentration ?
 Temperature ?
 Bath or Circulation ?
 Time ?
 Circulation Flow Rate ?
 Dangerous for Installation/Material of Construction,
People, Environment ?
 Need Mechanical / Manual Cleaning for Pre-Cleaning
and Post-Cleaning ?

6. CIRCULATING SYSTEM
Sampling inlet Sampling outlet
system system
EQUIPMENT /
SYSTEM
Residence Time in Equipment/System = 30 minutes
(pump capacities)
FILTER MEDIA
Residence Time in Circulation Tank = 2 - 3 minutes
(Holding Volume of Circulation Tank) Blowdown
CIRCULATION
TANK
Blowdown

7. ACID CLEANING AGENTS
HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)
 Effective/Economically dosage = 5 – 10%
 Cleaning Temperature = 150 – 160oF(75 – 80oC)
 Static Soaking for few hours (for ex : 4 hours)
 Temporary circulation for mix the chemical for 10 minutes
every hour (HCl is quite corrosive)
 Sometimes need Nitrogen Bubbling from lower header as
one of mixing chemicals.

8. ADVANTAGES OF HCl
 Effective for carbonate-scale, especially in Boiler
 Aggressive solvent to deposits
 It is a good solvent for iron-oxide layered with copper
 It is the best solvent , containing 0,25% - 1% of
Ammonium bi-Fluoride (NH4F-HF, ABF) to remove
siliceous scale/deposits.
 ABF is converted to HF (Hydrofluoric Acid), which is one
of the aggressive chemicals toward silicates
 Inexpensive

9. DISADVANTAGES OF HCl
 Very corrosive (Hazardous Material)
 Chemically inhibitor added to minimize corrosion
potential to the base metal (film amine)
 (For example : Promex (0,1 – 0,3%) for 10% active
material = 100 – 300 ppm
 Safety concern

10. ACID CLEANING AGENTS
PHOSPHORIC ACID
 Mainly used as rust removal on carbon steel surface and
sold under other names, such as “rust killer” or “rust
remover”
 To convert Iron(III)-Oxide (rust) to a water soluble
phosphate compound
 After treatment, the reddish-brown iron oxide will be
converted to a black iron phosphate compound that may
be scrubbed off.

11. ACID CLEANING AGENTS
SULFAMIC ACID
 The main use is as a cleaning agent in substitution for
hydrochloric acid, in the marine Industry, due to its' safe
storage characteristics.
 Use on stainless steel or copper alloyed surface (HE
Equipment).
 Effective dosage = 1% (at pH = 2)
 Chemical cleaning process maintain at pH = 2, the cleaning
process is finished if pH stable at 2 for 3 – 8 hours.
 Need dispersant / detergent no foam to bind the deposits.

12. ACID CLEANING AGENTS
NITRIC ACID
 Mainly used for the pickling and passivation of stainless
steel surfaces.
 Effective dosage = 5 – 10%
 Strong Oxydator

13. CHELATING AGENTS
EDTA
 Mainly used as chemical cleaning boiler as chelating agents.
 Most popular is tetra ammonium EDTA
 Ammonia is alkaline, and a typical EDTA cleaning is
performed at a pH of 9 to 9.5.
 The chemical Is much less corrosive than HCl and the
process is performed at an alkaline pH, so if a bit of residual
remains in the Boiler after the cleaning and rinses. It will not
attack tubes like HCl will.
 The chemical itself is not as Hazardous as HCl, although an
ammonia smell will be evident.
 Among its disadvantages are that the boiler must be fired
(T > 100oC)

14. CHELATING AGENTS
EDTA
 Another choice is the diammonium EDTA
 the pH of the solvent is adjusted to a range of 5 to 6.
 This solvent is more reactive than tetra ammonium
EDTA
 Only needs to be heated to about 200°F (100oC) to be
effective. However, the lower heating rate reduces the
ability of the Chemical to circulate in the boiler.

15. CHELATING AGENTS
CITRIC ACID
 similar to EDTA, it is a chelant and will bind both iron and
copper ions.
 Two citric-based solvents are mono-ammonium and di-
ammonium.
 Mono-ammonium, the solvent pH is around 3.5 to 4, and
the optimum temperature range is 180°F–200°F
(90–100oC)

16. CHELATING AGENTS
CITRIC ACID
 Diammmonium Citric acid solutions have a higher pH of
about 5 to 6, and this solvent is somewhat less
aggressive toward deposits, so a higher temperature
(240°F–275°F) is required for it to perform efficiently.
 Citric acid is not as strong a chelant as EDTA, and thus
is not as popular for post-operational cleanings, although
it can be doped with ABF to remove silica deposits.
 It is sometimes preferred for pre-operational cleanings,
where iron oxides constitute the bulk of deposits, and
where an aggressive acid Like HCl is not needed..