Notifiable Diseases.pptx

Causes
Symptoms
Preventive
Measure
Industries
NOTIFIAB
LE
DISEASES
UNDER
THE
FACTORIE
S ACT 1948

Symptoms
 High blood pressure
 Joint and muscle pain
 Headache
Causes
 Lead in paint
 Water pipes and imported canned goods
 Lead found in Soil, Household dust,
Pottery
 Other sources of lead exposure
Preventive Measure
 Wash hands and toys.
 Clean dusty surfaces.
 Remove shoes before entering the house.
 Run cold water.
 Prevent children from playing on soil.
 Eat a healthy diet.
Industries : Leaded aviation fuel industry,
Paint industry.

Symptoms
 Insomnia
 Delusions
 Headache
Preventive Measure
 Run cold water.
 Prevent children from playing
on the soil.
 Eat a healthy diet.
Causes
 Lead in paint
 Water pipes and imported canned goods
 Lead found in Soil, Household dust,
Pottery
 Other sources of lead exposure
Industries : Plastic weaving industry,
ceramic and battery industry.

Symptoms
 Anxiety
 Fatigue
 Irregular breathing
 Irritability
Causes
 Starvation
 Diabates
 Anorexia
 Alcoholism
 Inherited disorders
Preventive Measure
 Wear safety glasses
 impervious gloves
 a fire-retardant laboratory coat
Industries : Matchbox industry,
Firecracker industry, Fertilizer
industry.

Symptoms
 Coughing
 Trouble breathing.
 Metallic taste in your mouth.
 Nausea or vomiting.
 Bleeding or swollen gums
Causes
 Inhaling mercury vapor (small droplets of
mercury that become airborne and enter
your lungs).
 Eating fish or seafood that naturally
contains large amounts of organic mercury.
 Swallowing mercury.
 Touching liquid mercury.
Preventive Measure
 Limiting the number of fish (that contain
mercury) you eat.
 Wearing personal protective equipment when
handling chemicals and compounds.
 Avoid areas in your environment where
mercury is present.
 Replacing old amalgam fillings in your teeth
with a safer alternative.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Industries: Gold mining industry

Symptoms
 Headaches
 Eye issues
 Sore throat
 Anxiety
 Irritability
 Insomnia
Causes
 frequent inhalation of fumes from
welding activities in the home
 From the water bodies and the effluents
in it
Preventive Measure
 Chlorination (Oxidation) Plus
Filtration
Indutries: Mining, steel and
Chemical industry.

Symptoms
 Red or swollen skin
 Skin changes, such as new warts or lesions
 Abdominal pain
 Nausea and vomiting
 Diarrhea
 Abnormal heart rhythm
Causes
 Breathing air that contains arsenic
 Smoking tobacco products
 Breathing contaminated air from plants
or mines that use arsenic
 Living near industrialized areas
 Being exposed to landfill or waste sites
Preventive Measure
 removing clothes that could be contaminated with
arsenic
 thoroughly washing and rinsing affected skin
 blood transfusions
 taking heart medication in cases where the heart starts
failing
Industries : Micro electronic industry.

Causes: Exposure to nitrogen oxide fumes.
Symptoms: Coughing, Fatigue, Nausea,
Choking, Headache, Abdominal Pain, and
Difficulty Breathing.
Preventive Measures:
There is no antidote for nitrogen oxide
poisoning. Treatment for exposure usually
involves giving the patient oxygen and
medications to make breathing easier.
Chemical-protective clothing is recommended
when repeated or prolonged contact with
liquids of nitrogen oxides or with high
concentrations of nitrogen oxide vapors is
anticipated because skin irritation or burns
may occur.
Industries: Chemical Industry that produce
adipic acid, fertilizer industries

Causes: Skin contact with carbon disulfide
vapor or liquid.
Symptoms: Exposure can cause dizziness, poor
sleep, headache, anxiety, anorexia, weight loss,
and vision changes.
Treatment consists of removal of the victim
from the contaminated area, support of
respiratory and cardiovascular functions, and
irrigation of contaminated eyes or skin.
Employees should be provided with and
required to use impervious clothing, gloves,
face shields (eight-inch minimum), and other
appropriate protective clothing necessary to
prevent skin contact with liquid carbon
disulfide, where skin contact may occur.
Industries: Rayon Industries, production of
cellophane, Carbon tetrachloride, rubber.

Causes: Benzene poisoning occurs when
someone swallows, breathes in, or
touches benzene.
Symptoms: Drowsiness, Dizziness, Rapid or
irregular heartbeat, Headaches, Tremors,
Confusion, Unconsciousness, Death (at very
high levels).
Benzene poisoning is treated with supportive
medical care in a hospital setting. No specific
antidote exists for benzene poisoning.
Industries: Petrochemical Industry

Causes: The two main contributing factors to
the production of chrome ulcerations of the skin
contact with hot liquor (sodium or potassium
bichromate solutions) and contamination of a
break in the skin by one of the chrome
chemicals.
Symptoms: Diarrhea, fever, fatigue, abdominal
pain and cramping, blood in your stool, mouth
sores, reduced appetite, and weight loss.
chrome ulcers can be treated with topical
ascorbic acid.
Industries: Electroplating, tanning, chrome
producing industries.

Causes: Anthrax is a serious infectious disease
caused by gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria
known as Bacillus anthracis. People can get
sick with anthrax if they come in contact with
infected animals or contaminated animal
products.
Symptoms: Fever and chills, Chest Discomfort,
Shortness of breath, Confusion or dizziness,
Cough, Nausea, vomiting, or stomach pains,
Headache, Sweats (often drenching).
All types of anthrax infection can be treated
with antibiotics, including intravenous
antibiotics (medicine given through the vein).
If someone has symptoms of anthrax, it's
important to get medical care as quickly as
possible to have the best chances of a full
recovery.
Industries: Workers who may be at risk for
anthrax include farmers, veterinarians,
livestock handlers, diagnostic laboratory
workers, and those who work with animal
products.

Causes: Inhaling large amounts of crystalline
silica dust, usually over many years.
Symptoms:
a persistent cough.
persistent shortness of breath.
weakness and tiredness.
The key to preventing silicosis is to keep dust
out of the air.
 Dust controls can be as simple as a water hose
to wet the dust before it becomes airborne.
Use the dust collection systems available for
many types of dust-generating equipment.
Industries: Construction, Stone working,
Quarrying, Brick making, Ceramics.

Causes: Recreational inhalation of halogenated
hydrocarbons (e.g., glues, paint, solvents, cleaning
sprays, gasoline, hydrocarbons, and hydrofluorocarbons)
Symptoms:
 initially cough, choke, and may vomit
 burning in the stomach
 hypoxia and respiratory distress
 may cause lethargy, coma, and seizures
Indutries:
 Petrochemicals
 Specialty Chemicals
 Patient education is crucial in the prevention of
unnecessary or accidental exposure
 Use a mask in the industrial setup dealing with such
substance
 Safe storage of sensitive substance

Causes: this occurs when high-energy radiation
damages or destroys specific cells in your body.
Symptoms:
Nausea and vomiting, Diarrhea, Headache,
Fever, Dizziness and disorientation, Weakness
and fatigue, Hair loss, Bloody vomit and stools
from internal bleeding, Infections, Low blood
pressure
In a radiation emergency, stay tuned to your
radio or television to hear what protective
actions local, state, and federal authorities
recommend. Recommended actions will
depend on the situation.
If you're advised to evacuate, follow the
instructions provided by your local authorities.
Try to stay calm and move quickly.
Indutries:
 Mining, Nuclear power generation,
Defense, Medicine

Causes: exposure to UV light is a significant
risk factor for many types of skin cancer.
Sources of UV light exposure include- Sun,
Tanning beds, Sun lamps
UV rays damage your skin cells. When the
damage causes an overgrowth of cells, skin
cancer develops.
Symptoms:
Skin lesions. A new mole, unusual growth,
bump, sore, scaly patch, or dark spot
develops and doesn’t disappear
Itching, pain, or bleeding
Wear hats with wide brims, long-sleeved shirts, and
pants to protect your arms and legs.
Check all the skin on your body and head for any
changes in size, shape or color of skin growths or
the development of new skin spots. Don’t forget to
check your scalp, ears, the palms of your hands,
soles of your feet, between your toes.
Make an appointment with your dermatologist if
you notice any changes in a mole or other skin spot
Industries:
 construction workers, agricultural workers, pilots,
and office workers

Causes: caused by blood loss, decreased or faulty
red blood cell production & destruction of red
blood cells
Symptoms:
Fatigue, Shortness of breath, Dizziness
Headache & Chest pain
Pale or yellow skin
Consuming foods with iron Eating foods with
high levels of iron, such as lean meat, chicken,
dark leafy vegetables, and beans
Ensuring enough vitamin C Drinks and foods
with vitamin C
A balanced diet Balanced diets can ensure
enough iron is being consumed.
Caution with calcium pills Because calcium can
affect how your body absorbs iron
Indutries:
 Chemical Industry, Nuclear Industry

Causes: exposure to certain organic (carbon-based)
chemicals or solvents, medications, drugs, or alcohol.
Many chemicals and drugs can cause liver damage.
Symptoms:
 Nausea, Vomiting, Loss of appetite
 Fever & Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
 Pain or swelling in the upper right abdomen
 Dark-colored urine
People can help take care of their liver with several
lifestyle changes, such as:
 eating a balanced diet
 exercising regularly
 limiting alcohol consumption
 avoiding toxins from chemicals and other sources, both
inhaled and touched
 managing medications carefully
Indutries:
 Chemical Industry, Nuclear Industry
& Liquor Industry

Causes: stress, hormonal changes, the environment,
irritating substances
Symptoms:
 Rashes
 Blisters
 Dry, cracked skin
 Itchy skin
 Painful skin, with stinging or burning swelling
 Try to avoid scratching the affected area. Scratching
can open or reopen wounds and spread the bacteria to
other parts of your body.
 To help prevent dry skin, consider taking shorter baths,
using mild soaps, and bathing in warm water instead of
hot. Most people also find relief by frequently
 Use water-based moisturizers after washing hands and
oil-based moisturizers for dehydrated skin.
Indutries:
 Agricultural workers, construction workers, health
care workers, hairdressers, mechanics, and machinists.

Causes:
Raw cotton and other textiles have many
natural materials;
Sisal, hemp, and flax can also cause these
symptoms
Symptoms:
 cough, difficulty breathing, and chest
tightness
The symptoms may be worse when you return
to work after a break, such as after the
weekend
The most essential treatment is to stop being
exposed to dust. Reducing dust levels in the
factory (by improving machinery or
ventilation) will help prevent byssinosis. Some
people may have to change jobs to avoid
further exposure.
Medicines used for asthma, such as
bronchodilators, usually improve symptoms
Industry :
Textile industry

Causes:
high levels of asbestos dust over a long period of
time
Smoking increases the retention of asbestos
fibers in the lungs and often results in a faster
disease progression.
Symptoms:
 Shortness of breath & persistent, dry cough
Chest tightness or pain
Dry and crackling sounds in your lungs when
you inhale
Reducing asbestos exposure is the best
prevention against asbestosis. In the United
States, federal law requires employers in
industries that work with asbestos products —
such as construction — to take special safety
measures.
Industry:
Ship Build Industry, Firefighters Auto mechanics
Automechanics .

Causes:
exposure to a substance that irritates your skin or
triggers an allergic reaction. The substance could
be one of the thousands of known allergens and
irritants.
Symptoms:
 Itchy rash or Leathery patches that are darker
than usual
Dry, cracked, scaly skin, typically on white skin
Bumps, blisters, Swelling, burning,or tenderness
Avoid irritants and allergens
Wash your skin
Wear protective clothing or gloves
Apply an iron-on patch to cover metal fasteners
next to your skin
Apply a barrier cream or gel
Industry :
Agricultural workers, construction workers, health
care workers, hairdressers, mechanics, and
machinists.

Causes:
On-the-job (occupational) noise
A sudden, extremely loud sound, such as an
explosion, a gunshot, or a firecracker close to the
ear
Symptoms:
Speech and other sounds seem muffled
Trouble hearing high-pitched sounds (e.g., birds,
doorbell, telephone, alarm clock)
Trouble hearing speech consonants (e.g., trouble
hearing the difference between s and f, between
p and t, or between sh and th in speech)
Identify sources of loud sounds (such as gas-
powered lawnmowers, snowmobiles, power
tools, gunfire, or music) that can contribute to
hearing loss and try to reduce exposure
Avoid or limit exposure to excessively loud
sounds
Use hearing protection devices when it is not
feasible to avoid exposure to loud sounds or
reduce them to a safe level
Industry:
Construction , Drilling , Cutting

Causes:
inhalation or skin exposure to beryllium dust,
fume, mist, or solutions
Symptoms:
Difficulty breathing/shortness of breath
Weakness, Fatigue & Joint pain
Loss of appetite & Weight loss
 follow standards set by the Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA),
 Adequate ventilation of workspaces.
 Minimal use of beryllium over other equivalent metals.
 Isolation of procedures using beryllium.
 Safe use of high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA)
vacuums for cleaning.
 The use of personal protective devices, including face
masks and respirators.
Industry:
Manufacture of alloys, ceramics, radiographic
equipment, and vacuum tubes

Causes:
Inhalation of Carbon monoxide produced by
standard heating or cooling appliance if not
installed properly, are faulty or poorly
maintained.
Symptoms:
Dull headache, Weakness, Dizziness
Nausea or vomiting
Shortness of breath
Confusionor Blurred vision
Loss of consciousness
 follow standards set by the Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA),
 Adequate ventilation of workspaces.
 Minimal use of beryllium over other equivalent metals.
 Isolation of procedures using beryllium.
 Safe use of high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA)
vacuums for cleaning.
 The use of personal protective devices, including face
masks and respirators.
Industry :
Mechanics, firefighters, longshore workers, diesel engine
and forklift operators, and tunnel or toll booth attendants

 wearing an appropriate respirator while
working
 washing skin that’s exposed to coal dust
 safely removing coal mine dust from clothing
 washing your hands and face before eating or
drinking
25.Coal miner's pneumoconiosis
Symptoms:
 Cough
 Shortness of breath
 Coughing up of black sputum
Causes:
 Your risk for developing CWP depends on how long you
have been around coal dust.
 Most people with this disease are older than 50.
 Smoking does not increase your risk for developing this
disease, but it may have an added harmful effect on the
lungs.
 In some cases, coal workers might also inhale silica-
containing particles.
Industries :
Coal mining Indusry

26. Phosgene Poisoning
Causes:
 If phosgene gas is released into the air, people may be
exposed through skin contact or eye contact. They may also
be exposed by breathing air that contains phosgene.
 If phosgene liquid is released into water, people may be
exposed by touching or drinking water that contains
phosgene.
Symptoms:
 Coughing
 Burning sensation in the throat and eyes
 Watery eyes
 Blurred vision
After 48 Hrs:
 Difficulty breathing
 Coughing up white to pink-tinged fluid (a sign of
pulmonary edema)
 Low blood pressure
 Heart failure
 Chemical-protective clothing is recommended because
phosgene gas can cause skin irritation and burns.
 In case of exposure, as quickly as possible, wash you
entire body with large amounts of soap and water & seek
medical attention right away.
Industries:
Dye manufacturing Industry, Polymer production, Pharmaceutical
industry

Symptoms:
 Fever, weakness and fatigue, weight loss,
anxiety
 Loss of appetite, unexplained muscle or body
pain shortness of breath
 Appearance of lumps on the body, night sweats,
reddish or scaly patchy skin.
Causes:
 Radiation, stress and other factors related to work
organization.
 Emerging evidence suggests that occupational
exposure to endocrine disruptors (e.g. some
pesticides) or nanomaterials may be able to cause
cancer.
 The most effective means is to ban carcinogen. (asbestos).
 Engineering controls (expensive but effective means), for
example, ventilation, enclosure or partial enclosure, isolation
 Administrative controls: job rotation Personal protective
equipment (PPE) is the least efficient way of controlling
hazardous exposures.
27. Occupational cancer
Industries:
Aluminum production; iron and steel founding; and
underground mining with exposure to uranium or radon.

28. Isocyanates poisoning
Causes:
 Breathing in the smoke from tobacco (i.e., cigarette
smoke);
 Breathing in or touching it at workplaces where the
chemical is produced or used; or
 Breathing in low levels of it from living near facilities
that manufacture, store or use the chemical.
Symptoms:
 Discomfort and burning of the skin
 Cough
 Chest pain
 Tightness in the chest
 Difficulty breathing
 Vomiting
 Know that enclosed work areas can contain high
concentrations of isocyanates.
 Make sure that your employer has an air-monitoring program
and material safety data sheets (MSDS) for products that
contain isocyanates.
 Use personal protective equipment, including proper gloves,
goggles, full-face shields, and respirators.
Industries:
Chemical Industry such as two pack spray paints, lacquers,
adhesives, foam production, such as insulation or fillers.

29. Toxic Nephritis
Causes:
 A family history of kidney disease and
infection.
 Having an immune system disease, such as
lupus.
 Taking too many antibiotics or pain
medications.
 Recent surgery of the urinary tract
Symptoms:
 High blood pressure (hypertension)
 Fluid retention (edema) with swelling
 Evident in your face, hands, feet and
abdomen
 Urinating less than usual
 Nausea and vomiting
 Muscle cramps
 Fatigue
Preventive Measures:1
 Manage your blood sugar: Diabetes increases your
risk for heart disease and kidney failure.
 Manage your blood pressure
 Obesity can increase your risk for conditions
associated with Kidney failure.
 Reduce salt intake
 Drink enough water
 Limit alcohol since, Alcohol increases your blood
pressure.
Industries:
welding, smelting, the battery industry, and mining

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