1. KARTIK
BHARADWAJ
131869
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2. • INTRODUCTION
• LITERATURE REVIEW
• CASE STUDY -1 (Identification of Ambient Air Pollution
Prevention Zones Using Remote sensing)
• CASE STUDY-2 ( Air Quality Monitoring Using Remote
Sensing and GIS Technologies)
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
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3.  Air is essential for all life. All organic material depends on its existence;
without it nothing breathes or lives .
 Air monitoring is of a greater importance to urban populations, because
urban areas have been a source of major pollutants and they support a vast
number of people in concentrated areas.
 Common sources of air pollution are:
 Natural sources
I. Volcanic eruptions
II. Forest fires
 Manmade sources
I. Smoke emissions from industries
II. Vehicular emissions
 Common pollutants present in air are
 Aerosols
 Gases like ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2),carbon monoxide
(CO), and sulfur dioxide (SO2).
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4.  Chernobyl disaster
 Bhopal gas tragedy
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5.  Satellite remote sensing provides complete and synoptic views of
large areas in one image on a systematic basis due to the good
temporal resolution of various satellite sensors
 satellite remote sensing technology can monitor many pollutants
simultaneously.
 It has the capability to monitor in near real-time, and provides
continuously rapid monitoring
 The different sensors used in mapping air pollution are
1.Landsat TM/ETM+
2.MODIS AOT
3.ASTER data
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6. Aerosols
 Aerosol thickness is monitored by four
different methods:
 ocean method
 brightness method
 contrast-reduction method and
 dark vegetation method
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8. Black Particle Measurement
 Black particles have a very high negative
correlation (-0.97) with the temperature of the
atmosphere.
 One theory regarding pollution is that the more
pollution buildup in the atmosphere, the more
interception the pollution particles have with the
sun light, and the atmosphere will have a lower
temperature.
 The reduction in temperature is usually in the
0.5C range, which is very hard to detect.
 A very high spatial resolution would be needed to
accurately measure black particles
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9. Land-use / Land-cover change
 Two images from the same sensor are
compared of different dates
 Interval between the dates must be short
 Images must be captured at low elevation
angles to reduce the effect of electromagnetic
radiation.
 By comparing the two images, a third image
was created showing the difference in
pollution content between the two days
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11.  The first applications of satellite remote sensing of
aerosols used the AVHRR, Landsat, and GOES
instruments to observe desert particles over ocean
 All three of them were used to obtain the
information about aerosols primarily over water
 Satellite remote sensing of tropospheric trace
gases began in 1978 with the launch of the TOMS
instrument onboard the Nimbus 7 satellite
 TOMS instrument were aimed to determine
stratospheric O3, volcanic SO2 ,tropospheric O3 ,
and ultraviolet absorbing aerosols .
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12.  ERS -2 (GOME-1)
 GOME-1 is a nadir-viewing grating spectrometer that
measures solar backscatter with broad spectral
coverage (230–790 nm) and moderate resolution (0.2–
0.4 nm).
 GOME-1 retreived the data of tropospheric NO2,
HCHO, SO2, and tropospheric O3
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13.  The launch of NASA’s Terra satellite in December
1999 significantly expanded scientific perspective
about the scale of tropospheric pollution
 The MOPITT instrument on board Terra is a nadir-
viewing gas correlation radiometer operating in the
4.7 mm band of carbon monoxide
 The MISR and MODIS instruments provide
unprecedented information about aerosol
abundance and properties at high spatial resolution
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14. ENVISAT (SCIAMACHY)
 SCIAMACHY measures backscattered solar
radiation upwelling from the atmosphere
 Eight channels, comprised of grating optics
and a linear diode array detector,
 measure the spectrum over 214–1750 nm at
resolution of 0.2– 1.4 nm, and two spectral
bands around 2.0 and 2.3 mm, having a
spectral resolution of 0.2 nm.
 The typical spatial resolution of SCIAMACHY
is 30* 60 km2
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15.  Aura (OMI, TES)
 PARASOL
 CALIPSO (CALIOP)
 Aqua (MODIS, AIRS)
 MetOP (GOME-2, IASI)
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17.  Automatic sun-photometer (AERONET)
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18.  Hand-held sun-photometer and PM10 devices
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19.  S.S. ASADI, B.V.T. VASANTHA RAO, M.V. RAJU and M. ANAND
SAGAR prepared Air pollution sensitivity map, Air quality
map, Dispersion sensitivity map, Aerial sensitivity Map to
find out the pollution loads in the study area
 Mark Tulloch* and Jonathan Li integrated the data from
ground stations and satellite imagery to map the air pollution
 Randall V. Martin described how remote sensing helps in
mapping HCHO, Nox,O3 concentrations in Air
 Rohayu Haron Narashid, Wan Mohd Naim Wan Mohd
described about the integration of Remote sensing with GIS
for monitoring the air quality
 O. B.Dick , O. Reistad , S. Hustveit , G. Grepstad , Frits
Steenhuisen described the mapping of radio active wastes in
the air using satellite imagery.
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20.  Study area:
 The study area is the part of the Visakhapatnam district
 The study area is located between north latitudes 17°
19’ and 17° 46’”and east longitudes 82°35’ and 83°10’
and is covered in the survey of India topographical map
numbers 56H65 K/10,11,13,14,15M 65 O/1 and O/2.
 The area is under influence for fast development of
urban agglomeration and industrial growth with mega
industries for petroleum, Pharma parks .
 The study area is situated along the coastline from
Nakkapalli mandal to Paravada mandal
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22.  Preparation of thematic maps using survey of India
toposheet and satellite imagery using visual
interpretation Technique.
 Collection of Air samples from air sampling stations
analyze the samples as per the national ambient air
quality standards (NAAQS) , with respect to RSPM,
TSPM, NOx,
 Collection of collateral data from different
departments and creation of attribute data of
thematic maps using GIS tools.
 Preparation of Air quality map.
 Identification of Air pollution sensitivity Map and
Risk area map for pollution activities.
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25. Study area:
 The study areas of this research comprise
of three (3) areas i.e the whole of Klang
Valley Region, the Klang Valley Region to
part of Negeri Sembilan and part of Shah
Alam City in Malayasia
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28.  In data analysis, three 2 important tasks are
carried out:
 A. Identification of final virtual air quality
monitoring stations and
 B. Production of air quality maps of the study
areas.
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30.  Co concentration
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31.  PM10 Concentration
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32.  Satellite remote sensing provides complete
and synoptic views of large areas in one
image on a systematic basis
 Remote sensing technology can monitor
many pollutants simultaneously
 Remote sensing data reduces the labour work
and consumes time in mapping large areas.
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33.  One of the major limitations is spectral
interference caused by other atmospheric
inhabitances that are not pollution
 Any pollutant with a low concentration will
not be detected
 Requires highly qualified staff, and the
process is very expensive.
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34.  G. Hadjimitsis, Kyriacos Themistocleous
and Argyro Nisantzi, Air pollution using earth
observation satellites(2004), Cyprus
University of Technology, Cyprus . ISEIS
 O. B.Dick a, O. Reistad , S. Hustveit , G.
Grepstad , Frits Steenhuisen Nuclear Waste
related mapping in North West Russia,
(2004), Norwegian University of Life Sciences
(science direct)
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35.  Rohayu Haron Narashid ,Wan Mohd Naim Wan
Mohd ,Air pollution monitoring using Remote
sensing and GIS,(2010), University of tech MARA
(CSSR)
 Randall V. Martin, Satellite remote sensing of
surface air quality,(2010),Department of Physics
and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University,
Halifax, NS, Canada (ELSEIVER)
 S.S. ASADI, B.V.T. VASANTHA RAO, M.V. RAJU
and M.ANAND SAGAR, Air pollution monitoring
using remote sensing,(2011) KL university,
Vijaywada(Current World Environment)
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