2. - Traveling wave antenna is non-resonant
type antenna or aperiodic antenna
Definitions
- The antenna in which the standing wave
does not exist along the length of the
antenna is called traveling wave antenna
3. Q1
What is the difference between standing
wave and traveling wave ?
Q2
What is the difference between resonant
and non-resonant antenna ?
4.
5. 1- Long Wire Antenna
An antenna is usually classified as a long wire
antenna if it is a very straight conductor with a
length from one to many wavelengths
Antenna Height (h)
6. Total field radiated by the wire
It is found by multiplying the field radiated by the wire in free space
by the array factor of a two-element array
the wave travels along the wire from the source toward the load, it
continuously leaks energy (attenuation coefficient)
Field radiated in free space
Radiated by long wire to free space
7. Current distribution along structure
If = aˆz Iz (z΄) e− γ(z΄)z΄ = az I0 e−[α(z΄)+jkz(z΄)]z΄
By approx. : If = aˆz Iz (z΄) e− jKz Z΄ = az I0 e− jKz Z΄
K =
𝐾𝑧
𝐾
=
λ
λ𝑔
8. it is evident that the power distribution of a wire antenna of length l is a multi lobe
pattern whose number of lobes depends upon its length.
To calculate Peaks of lopes
9. For angles the peaks occur
To find nulls
Angles where the nulls occurs
14. Provides strong Minor Lobes
Disadvantages
Easy to Construct
More Cheap than V antenna
More simple
Larger Bandwidth
Input impedance is High
16. 2- V Antenna
The V antenna is made up of two wire antenna which are
arranged in the form of the horizontal V and it is fed at the
apex by the transmission feed line.
For some applications a single long-wire antenna is not very
practical because
(1) its directivity may be low.
(2) its side lobes may be high.
These and other drawbacks of single long-wire antennas can be
overcome by utilizing an array of wires, One very practical array of
long wires is the V
17. There are two Types:
Resonant V antenna
Non-Resonant V antenna
18.
19.
20. Most V antennas are symmetrical (θ1 =θ2 =θ0 and l1 =l2 =l).
Also V antennas can be designed to have unidirectional or
bidirectional radiation patterns, as shown in Figures
21.
22.
23. Easy to Construct
Cheap
Provides strong Minor Lobes
On Light Aircraft
Military appliances
Commercial appliances
24. 3- Rhombic Antenna
Two V antennas can be connected at their open ends to form a
diamond or rhombic antenna, The antenna is usually terminated
at one end in a resistor, usually about 600–800 ohms, in order to
reduce if not eliminate reflections
25.
26. - Radiation Pattern
Unidirectional Pattern
Lobes = 2 to 8 long
Directivity : 20 to 90
Power Gain : 50 to 60
β value = 17 to 24 degree
28. The tilt angle ()
The leg length (L)
The height above the ground (h)
Two designs
(a) Alignment design
(b) Maximum output design
- Design of Rhombic antenna
29.
30. (a) Alignment design
h is chosen that max of the main lobe coincides with the desired angle of elevation
sin4
h
2
sin
37.0
L 90
31. (b) Maximum field intensity design
h is chosen that max filed intensity is obtained at the desired elevation angle
mh
sin4
mL
2
sin2
90
32. Highly directional
Simple & cheap
Needs larger space for installation
Efficiency is Low
HF transmission & reception