TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
American Libraries Live—Open Access 2020: Looking at the Future (June 2018)
1. A global initiative to accelerate
the transition to open access
American Libraries Live
8 June 2018
@oa2020ini
2. 1
Agenda and speakers
The Open Access 2020 Initiative
Colleen Campbell
OA2020 Partner Development, Max Planck Digital Library
Max Planck Society – Munich, Germany
Why is OA2020 important? A researcher perspective
Rich Schneider, PhD
Associate Professor, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine
Chair, University of California Committee on Library and Scholarly Communication
Why should libraries get involved? A librarian perspective
Curtis Brundy
Associate University Librarian for Scholarly Communications and Collections
Iowa State University Library
5. t
Biomed Central
PLOS
SCOAP3
PubMed Central
OA mandates
University Presses/OJS
Community journal initiatives (e.g. LINGOA)
Cooperative models
arXiv
Over the past 15 years, many efforts
have been made to cultivate that vision…
4
$10bn global revenue
Repositories
6. t
Biomed Central
PLOS
SCOAP3
PubMed Central
OA mandates
Repositories
University Presses/OJS
Community journal initiatives (e.g. LINGOA)
Cooperative models
arXiv
Over the past 15 years, many efforts
have been made to cultivate that vision…
5
$10bn global revenue
7. t
Over the past 15 years, many efforts
have been made to cultivate that vision…
6
5% of revenue
$10bn global revenue
8. But the paywall remains
as robust and as prosperous as ever
7
To achieve open access on a large-scale, we need to enhance our efforts
with a strategy that addresses the subscription system head-on.
t
$10bn global revenue
5% of revenue
9. 8
Libraries hold the financial leverage
to accelerate the transition to open access
We pay $5,000 per
research paper via
subscriptions*
Economic interest of >
$150,000 per article
copyright
STM publisher profit
margins 30-40%
Publisher OA revenues
are increasing
unmonitored and
unchecked
*Schimmer, R., Geschuhn, K. K., & Vogler, A. (2015). Disrupting the subscription journals’ business model
for the necessary large-scale transformation to open access. doi:10.17617/1.3.
10. 9
OA2020 call to action:
Divest of subscriptions, invest in open access
Paywall regime Open Access
$10bn
cash flow
$10bn
cash flow
It is only by removing our
financial support of the
paywall system that we will
finally achieve open access
on a large-scale.
11. EXPRESSION OF INTEREST
10
While continuing to support new and improved forms of OA
publishing, we aim to transform a majority of today’s scholarly
journals from subscription to OA publishing in accordance with
community-specific publication preferences.
We will pursue this transformation process by converting
resources currently spent on journal subscriptions into funds
to support sustainable OA business models.
OA2020 Guiding Principles
15. 14
Cultivating strategies to accelerate
the transition to open access
We need to discontinue the subscription system and find new ways to finance
the publishing services that are wanted and needed in the 21st century
16. 2. Why is OA2020 important? A researcher perspective
15
17. What Do Researchers Want?
They want to publish in
their favorite journals
16
18. What Do Researchers Want?
They want to publish in
their favorite journals
They want their work to
be widely read and
highly cited
17
19. What Do Researchers Want?
They want to publish in
their favorite journals
They want the rights to
re-use and share their
work
They want their work to
be widely read and
highly cited
18
20. What Do Researchers Want?
They want to publish in
their favorite journals
They want to maintain
existing work flows
They want the rights to
re-use and share their
work
They want their work to
be widely read and
highly cited
19
21. What Do Researchers Want?
They want to publish in
their favorite journals
They want to maintain
existing work flows
They want the rights to
re-use and share their
work
They want to access all
the content in existing
journals
They want their work to
be widely read and
highly cited
20
22. What Do Researchers Want?
They want to publish in
their favorite journals
They want to maintain
existing work flows
They want the rights to
re-use and share their
work
They want to access all
the content in existing
journals
They want their work to
be widely read and
highly cited
They want to make sure
there are no publication
barriers for anyone
21
24. 23
Researcher Perspective
OA2020 maintains the cannon of existing journals
OA2020 makes open access the default state, increasing visibility
25. 24
Researcher Perspective
OA2020 maintains the cannon of existing journals
OA2020 makes open access the default state, increasing visibility
OA2020 supports the rights of authors, researchers, and readers
26. Researcher Perspective
OA2020 maintains the cannon of existing journals
OA2020 makes open access the default state, increasing visibility
OA2020 supports the rights of authors, researchers, and readers
OA2020 enables existing processes and work flow to remain intact
25
27. Researcher Perspective
OA2020 maintains the cannon of existing journals
OA2020 makes open access the default state, increasing visibility
OA2020 supports the rights of authors, researchers, and readers
OA2020 enables existing processes and work flow to remain intact
OA2020 promotes a global transition from journal subscriptions
26
28. Researcher Perspective
OA2020 maintains the cannon of existing journals
OA2020 makes open access the default state, increasing visibility
OA2020 supports the rights of authors, researchers, and readers
OA2020 enables existing processes and work flow to remain intact
OA2020 promotes a global transition from journal subscriptions
OA2020 allows subscription savings to support publication costs
27
29. 3. Why should libraries get involved? A librarian perspective.
28
31. @oa2020ini
30
Subscription Model: Unsustainable
“Public institutions like ours can no longer afford to participate in a
traditional, subscription-based marketplace in which the profit
margins of the big for-profit scholarly publishers come in at 35
percent or higher.”
Donald Barclay, Deputy University Librarian, UC Merced
“With the cost of subscriptions to journals increasing by an average
of 6% per year, libraries can no longer afford to continue absorbing
the cost of subscribing to so many subscription-based journals.”
Diane Bruxvoort, Dean of Libraries, University of North Texas
32. @oa2020ini
31
Open Access: Right Thing To Do
“Open access to scholarly information is good for scholars, good
for the average person, and good for human progress. We see the
pathways being opened via OA2020 as the best hope for achieving
the goal of open access on a reasonable timeline.”
Donald Barclay, Deputy University Librarian, UC Merced
“As the primary customers for scholarly journals, academic libraries
need to take leadership in converting academic publishing from a
subscription model to one where other models of funding allow
journals to be made free for all to read.”
Diane Bruxvoort, Dean of Libraries, University of North Texas
34. @oa2020ini
33
Iowa State and OA2020
“Open Access is an intrinsic value for our faculty. The OA2020
initiative is an exciting opportunity, because it represents an
organized, global effort to enhance the affordability and
accessibility of the dissemination of research results and other
scholarly work products.”
Timothy Day, Faculty Senate President, Iowa State University
37. @oa2020ini
36
Get Involved
Discuss OA2020 in
your library and on
your campus
Sign the OA2020
Expression of Interest
Collaborate on a swift
transition to open
access
Global alliance (global publishers)
Most recent signatories from US and China
80/20 rule, research-producing organizations
The target is clearly in our sights, as 80% of scholarly publishing lies with just a handful of publishers and a growing percentage of institutions whose scholarly outputs publishers depend upon, are embracing the OA2020 strategy.
Further analysis shows that with commitments from a relatively small number of global research-intensive institutions, we could reach the turning point by our 2020 target.
Similar to what we have seen with the publisher distribution of our institutional output, we find the 20:80 rule holds true on the global scale: 20 countries account for 80% of the annual global output.
To be successful OA2020 would need no more than 100 firm supporters, provided that they are among the leading institutions of their countries and geographically distributed
We need firm institutional commitment plus reasonable geographic distribution of supporters to bring the departure from the subscription system to a point of no return
The OA2020 Initiative is an aligning force that brings together over 100 national and international research councils, funding agencies, HE associations, research institutes and universities from nearly 40 countries, with increasing participation from China and the US-- all of whom are committed to converting the funds they currently spend on subscriptions into funds to support sustainable OA business models.
We call on funders, policy makers and university leaders in the UK to look beyond borders and seek points of alignment among our strategies so that we will all be more effective in achieving our common vision.
If the nations of the world can sit down and agree upon plans to reduce their carbon emissions--well, at least most of them--then surely the academy can come together to align strategies to divest of the subscription system in order to finally achieve universal open access to knowledge.
Over 90 academic and research organizations from 32 countries across 5 continents – national scale including funding bodies, research councils and library consortia.
As a global alliance, the academic community can meet the traditional publishers at eye level.
Austria, FWF
Brazil, CAPES
Denmark, DEFF
Finland, FinELib
Germany, DfG
Hungary, EISZ
Italy, CRUI
Japan, JUSTICE
Netherlands, VSNU
Norway, CERES/CRIStin
Portugal, FCT
South Africa, SANLiC
South Korea, KISTI
Spain, CSIC
Sweden, SUHF
Switzerland, swissuniversities
Turkey, ANKOS
United Kingdom, Jisc Collections
As more and more individual institutions and consortia join the OA2020 initiative, using their subscription expenditures as leverage to inject open access into the scholarly publishing system, our collective power and reach increases, like the payload of a catapult. With libraries and institutions acting as a crossbar to direct the potential of their expenditures to open access, we can deliver a final blow to bring down the paywall system and build a new open information environment.
Divest of subscriptions, invest in Open Access! This principle is the foundation of OA2020, and we are encouraged to note it is now also the underlying strategy of an increasing number of new Open Access initiatives with whom we share the common vision of making open the default in scholarly communications. In support of our mutual goals, we are excited to announce the launch of our newly expanded website, OA2020.org, where libraries and institutions can find practical information, best practice and resources to plan and execute their own transformational roadmaps that address local needs and have impact in the drive for Open Access at a global scale.
As set out in the OA2020 Expression of Interest, drafted at the 12th Berlin Open Access Conference in 2015, the key to achieving large scale transformation of the current scholarly publishing (subscription) system is by “converting resources currently spent on journal subscriptions into funds to support sustainable OA business models”. The OA2020 Expression of Interest goes on to clarify that the envisioned transformation shall be made “in accordance with community-specific publications preferences” while continuing “to support new and improved forms of OA publishing”.
One bold manifestation of these principles can be found in Germany, where scores of institutions have announced that, pending positive results of the ongoing DEAL negotiations to incorporate open access publishing entitlements into a national content license agreement, they will not extend their current licenses with Elsevier terminating at end 2017; consequently, the OA2020-DE National Contact Point proposes that the funds saved on non-renewal with Elsevier be diverted to sustaining OA publishing initiatives and supporting their researchers wishing to publish in journals by pure OA publishers.
Yet, in keeping with the OA2020 objective of incorporating community-specific publication preferences, there are diverse proposals to be explored:
The recent Jussieu Call, echoes the principles voiced by OA2020 in their declaration by calling “on research organizations and their libraries to secure and earmark as of now a share of their acquisition budgets to support the development of scientific publishing activities, which are genuinely open and innovative, and address the needs of the scientific community.”
In the US, while not specifically calling out a conversion of subscription funds, the 2.5% Commitment recommends that libraries “commit 2.5% of their total budgets to organizations and projects that contribute to the common digital infrastructure need to support the open scholarly commons”. And, the “Red OA” proposal, albeit moving a step further, proposes to convert not only subscription funds but also the funds that scholars use to pay publishing fees, to support open, discipline-based pre-print repositories.
While adopting the tactics most appropriate for each geographic and discipline context, these strategies are united by a common denominator: the realization that Open Access can only be achieved on a large scale if libraries and institutions take an active and systematic approach to divesting of subscriptions and investing in open access.
Divest of subscritpions, invest in open access
Assess your leverage power (publication trends of your researchers, money flowing via subscriptions and OA publishing)
Gather consensus of your research community and administration
Prepare a transformation strategy to divest of the subscription model
Pilot and support new and alternative OA models
Collaborate in concerted efforts with the global OA2020 community and other OA initiatives