5G technology is maturing – and evolving. With more spectrum and attractive features, a wide range of new applications is emerging, creating an ecosystem for existing and new players. Those applications will materialize only if mobile innovation is backed up with an enhanced connectivity network supporting the 5G New Radio. In this presentation, Ulrich Kohn analyzed the impact of new mobile services on the capabilities and scalability requirements of mobile transport networks. He examined the roles of disaggregation and virtualization, and discussed the relevance of precise synchronization and best practices for its evolution.

1. New connectivity in 5G
Ulrich Kohn, solutions marketing
October 2020
Avoiding dead-ends in the road to mobile growth

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Industrial applications for growthStagnating revenues in mobile
Stagnating revenues with mobile users – industrial internet of things as growth driver
5G will bring mobile back on track to growth
Source: 5G for business: a 2030 market compass, Oct 2019, EricssonSource: STL Partners Analysis, using publicly availably information

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Cost-conscious innovation secures bottom-line growth
5G is 10,000,000 times better
1000x cell capacity
100x peak rates
10x lower latency
10x reliability
Scalable networking
Virtualization
Precise timing
Automation
Growth opportunities
Enabling technologies

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5G decomposition into radio unit, distributed unit and central unit
From 4G to a new 5G RAN architecture
EPC
Backhaul
Carrier Ethernet
BBURRH
4G/LTE RAN
Fronthaul
CPRI
5G RAN
RU 5GC
Backhaul
Carrier Ethernet
Midhaul
Ethernet
(F1)
Fronthaul
eCPRI/Eth
(Fx)
DU CU
New functional split
40-200km
<10ms
20-40km
1-2ms
0-10km
25-200µs

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Openness – intelligence – automation
Towards virtualized open RAN architecture
Physical
5GC
Distributed cloud
Serviced management and orchestration
RAN intelligent controller (non-real-time)
RAN intelligent controller
(real-time)
O-CU user
O-CU control
O-DUO-RU
Virtual
Control
Fx (split
option 7.2) F1

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Established backhaul network architectures and technologies might not scale
Transport requirements - bandwidth
Significantly higher bandwidth needs at Fx
interface
Broad radio spectrum at mmWaves results in
100Gbit/s fronthaul capacity and beyond
Multi-layer MIMO mainly in dense areas,
rural areas with less stringent requirements
General base station interface will move to
10G/25G in dense areas
µWave backhaul networks need to consider
fiber
1 2 4 8 16
Fx: 100MHz Sub6G 2.0 3.9 7.8 15.6 31.2
Fx: 400MHz mmW 7.5 15.1 30.2 60.4 120.8
F1: 100MHz Sub6G 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 8.1
F1: 400MHz mmW 1.9 3.7 7.4 14.9 29.8
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
BandwidthinGbit/s
MIMO layers
Single sector DL transport bandwidth (peak)
Source: O-RAN Alliance

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Leveraging the innovative power of an open multi-vendor ecosystem
Disaggregating high-end routers
Speed
FPGA, ASIC
Merchant silicon
Original design
manufacturer (ODM)
Open ecosystem
Flexibility
Cost
Purpose-build
device
Proprietary OS
IP and MPLS
routing protocols
High-end edge/core router
Network operating
system (NOS)
Applications, e.g.,
routing protocols
Deep vertical integration

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Mobile core
with route
reflectors
Open alliances and disaggregated networking – a winning team
Agile innovation with multi-stakeholder cooperation
TIP provides collaborative
environment
Major MNOs drive
specifications and
in-field verifications
Vendors optimize open software and
bare-metal hardware
Continuous improvement process
Rapid innovation cycles
Trial in MNOs’ production networksFast, targeted innovation
Network operating system
Bare-metal switches from three different ODMs
NMS, control

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Precise synchronization is a key requirement for 5G
Many 5G services as well as efficient use of spectrum depend on precise timing
Source: Heavy Reading 5G Network & Services Strategies, 2020 Operator Survey; results analyzed by OMDIA

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Edge-delivered timing
Satellite-based synchronization
with local clock
PTP and SyncE for delivery
over packet network
Precise timing is provided at DU sites
A possible way to synchronize 5G networks
RU
~100ns time accuracy @ FX
DU CU
~1µs time accuracy @ F1
Challenges:
- Satellite signals are subject to malicious
attacks, interference and obstructions
- High number of DU sites requires many
satellite receivers (capex, opex)

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Satellite-delivered time is backed up
with cesium atomic clocks
Timing-aware transport with on-path
synchronization support
PTP-optimized DWDM transport and
ultra-precise boundary clock devices
Multiple central high-performance clocks and time-aware transport network
Reliable and precise synchronization of 5G networks
RU
Better than 100ns time accuracy end-to-end
DU CU
Key benefit
- Highly resilient synchronization with fully
protected, time-aware transport
- With atomic clocks, satellite outages are
efficiently mitigated

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Intermediatesite
Highly precise sync overlay
Opticallinesystem
Terminal west Terminal east
PTP and SyncE over optical timing channel
Local traffic
PTP boundary clock
class D (TEmax: 5ns)
Bidirectional channel
Open optical
line terminal
Combining PTP-optimized optical transport with on-path PTP/SyncE support

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We make connectivity networks fit for 5G
Summary: 5G new connectivity
New connectivity networks for scale, reliability
and lowest latency
Architectural optimization and innovative
technologies
Disaggregation is key to agility and rapidly
growing capacity
Timing transport with latency and asymmetric
delay compensation
Open collaboration for early rollout of
commercialized solutions

14. Thank you
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