Check out Jörg-Peter Elbers and Achim Autenrieth's OFC/NFOEC Cloud Symposium slides on extending network virtualization into the optical domain

1. Jörg-Peter Elbers, Achim Autenrieth
OFC/NFOEC 2013 - Cloud Symposium
Extending Network Virtualization
into the Optical Domain

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Outline
• Introduction
• Optical Network Virtualization
• Prospects, Challenges & Solutions
• Summary

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Cloud Data Centers
Virtualization is a key concept to pool servers, storage and appliances
and share them in a flexible and dynamic way.
Virtual
serverVirtual
network
Virtual
storage
Orchestration of IT & network resources
Storage pool Fabric interconnect Server pool

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Network Virtualization - Definition
Any form of partitioning or combining a set of network resources, and
presenting it in an abstracted form to users such that each user, through his
set of resources, has a unique, separate view of the network. [Wang et al., JLT, 12/2012]
User: Data center tenants, virtual machines, workloads or applications.
Resources: Fundamental (nodes, links) or derived (topologies), can be virtualized recursively.
Requirements: User isolation, configuration independence, elasticity and programmability.
Virtual Network 1
Virtual Network 2
Networks 1 & 2

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Network Virtualization in Data Centers
• Overlay VLANs over IP or Ethernet tunnels: NVGRE, VXLAN, STT, SPB encapsulation
• Separate virtual & physical address space, alleviate LAN segment & IP subnet restrictions.
IT resources can be allocated, moved and scaled -
decoupled from the physical network infrastructure.
Data
Center
Fabric
VM VM VM VM VM VM
vSwitch vSwitch
vLANs

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Role of Optics
Optical Underlay
Optical ADVAntage: Low latency, high transfer speed, guaranteed performance
Optical Bypass
Optical switch
to change fabric
connectivity
Optical switch
for direct cluster
connectivity

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Virtualization Beyond DC Boundaries
Web 2.0 data centers Global carriers
From “warehouse-scale computers” to “the network is the computer”.

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Metro connectivity:
• Data center distances < 100km
• Ethernet, Fiber Channel, some Infiniband
• DWDM w/ minimum processing (latency)
Optical Network Virtualization
Core connectivity:
• Globally distributed data centers
• IP/MPLS over OTN/DWDM
• Standard core network technologies
Metro
Core
Increased resource efficiency and reduced interconnection costs
by optical capacity sharing.
Programmable optical
connectivity for
cloud data center
operators & tenants

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Use Cases
Bandwidth calendaring Cloud bursting
Secure multi-tenancyWorkload balancing
Transactional nature of DC-to-DC traffic (bulk data transfers)
offers opportunities for optical bandwidth-on-demand.
Cloud DC
Private
Datacenters
Tenant 1
Tenant 2Load Load

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Use Case Analysis
Uniform node-to-node traffic
> 30% node capacity savings from shared model if excess traffic > base traffic.
0%
10%
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NetworkUtilization
Time
base
traffic
excess
traffic
0%
10%
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Nodecapacitysavuings
Excess traffic / base traffic
Shared vs. dedicated resource model
N = 4
N = 8
Dedicated node resources for base traffic
Model a): dedicated resources for excess traffic
Model b): shared resources for excess traffic

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Optical Virtualization Challenges
Packet Switch Optical l-Switch
Signal format Digital electronic Analog optical
Signal structure Ethernet frames Signal dependent
Payload visibility Yes No
Topology discovery In-band (e.g. LLDP) Out-of band (e.g. OSC)
Fabric connectivity Any-to-any Constrained
Path feasibility Implicit Dep. on signal quality
Path set-up Any order Sequential
Analog nature and switching constraints make optical networks difficult to virtualize.

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Optical Virtualization – Two Extremes
• Virtualization on fundamental level
• All nodes and links are exposed
• Direct hardware representation
• Highest flexibility for tenants/applications
• Users need to control/understand optical layer
• Virtualization on highest derived level
• Network abstracted as one large switch
• Can be l-, circuit or packet switch
• Users see switch as black box
• Internal structure & optical layer are hidden
Compromise necessary: Hiding optical complexity while exposing topology.

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Optical Virtualization – SDN Control
Abstraction
Topology DB
Flow DB
Configuration
PathCompute
Provisioning
PolicyManager
Resource DB
Fault&alarms
Accounting
Performance
Security
Management
Policy DB
Control
ResourceMgr
Database
TopologyDisc
Network Controller
Network Hypervisor
Restful API
with Extensions
vNetwork Controller vNetwork Controller
PhysicalressourcesDerivedtopology

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Generalized architecture for
dynamic infrastructure services
OpenFlow in Europe – Linking
Infrastructure and Applications
Towards Automated Interactions
between the Internet & Carrier-
Grade Management Ecosystem
Research Activities

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Summary
• Optical network virtualization offers cloud providers & tenants
high-bandwidth, low-latency connectivity on demand.
• Different models for optical network virtualization exist.
• A compromise between hiding the optical complexity and
exposing the optical topology is required.
• Open approaches based on standardized GMPLS or emerging
OpenFlow technologies are possible.

16. jelbers@advaoptical.com
Thank you
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