1. INTRDOUCTION OF
DEPARTMENT OF ECE
PRESENTED BY:

2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
EVOLUTION
ARDUINO
WHY ARDUINO
ARDUINO PINOUT
ARDUINO
SPECIFICATION
NODE-MCU
NODE-MCU PINOUT
NODE-MCU
SPECIFICATION
PROGRAMING
PRACTICAL SESSION
SIMULATION
SOFTWARE
APPLICATION
COMPARISON
FUTURE
SCOPE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
IOT

3. INTRODUCTION A microcontroller is an electronic system which
consists of a processing element, a small
memory (RAM, ROM, EPROM), I/O ports, etc.
on a single chip.
MANUFACTURING COMPANY’S:
1. ATMEL CORPORATION – CALIFORNIA
2. TEXAS INSTRUMENTS – UNITED STATES
3. MICROCHIP – UNITED STATES
4. INTEL CORPORATION – UNITED STATES
MICROCONTROLLER

4. HISTORY
In 2005, a project was initiated to make a device for controlling
student-built interactive design projects that was less
expensive than other prototyping systems available at the time.
Founders Massimo Banzi and David Cuartielles named the
project after Arduin of Ivrea and began producing boards in a
small factory located in Ivrea.
Interaction Design Institute
Ivrea (IDII) in Ivrea, Italy.
Massimo Banzi
Co-founder, Chairman & CMO
David Cuartielles
Co-founder & Content Lead

5. EVOLUTION

7. ARDUINO
Arduino is a microcontroller board, that
contains
on-board
power supply
USB port to communicate with PC
Atmel microcontroller chip
Arduino is an open-source
electronics prototyping
platform based on flexible, easy-to-use
hardware and software.
It simplifies the process of creating any
embedded system with a standard board
that can be easily and in a user-friendly
way.

8.  It is Open Source, both in terms of Hardware and Software.
 It can communicate with a computer via a serial connection over
USB.
 It can be powered by USB or standalone DC power.
 It can run standalone from a computer (the chip is programmable),and
it has memory.
 It can work with both digital and analogue electronic signals.
Sensors and actuators.
 You can build robots, drones, home automation, IoT applications,
farm management system with Arduino.
WHY ARDUINO ?

9. ARDUINO PINOUT
Interfacing cable
USB A – USB B

10. TXD and RXD pins are used for serial communication. The
TXD is used for transmitting the data, and RXD is used for
receiving the data. It also represents the successful flow of
data.
TXD & RXD PINS
DIGITAL I/O PINS
The Arduino UNO board has 14 digital I/O pins, 6 of which
provide PWM output. This pins can be used to read/write
digital values like “0 or 1”. The pins labeled “~” can be
used to generate PWM.
PWM is used to ranging from communications to power
control and conversion. For example, the PWM is
commonly used to control the speed of electric motors, the
brightness of lights, in ultrasonic cleaning applications, and
many more.

11. ANALOG PINS
The Arduino UNO board has six analog input pins A0 through
A5. These pins can read the signal from an analog sensor like
the humidity sensor or temperature sensor and convert it into a
digital value that can be read by the microprocessor.
COMMUNICATIONS
UART
SPI
I2C
Universal Asynchronous Reception and
Transmission
inter-integrated-circuit
serial peripheral interface

12. MCU ATmega328P
ARCHITECTURE AVR
OPERATING VOLTAGE 5V
INPUT VOLTAGE 6V – 20V (limit)
7V – 12V (recommended)
CLOCK SPEED 16 MHz
FLASH MEMORY 32 KB (2 KB of this used by bootloader)
SRAM 2 KB
EEPROM 1 KB
DIGITAL IO PINS 24 (of which 6 can produce PWM)
ANALOG INPUT PINS 6
COST Around Rs.400
SPECIFICATION

15. NODE MCU
The NodeMCU (Node Microcontroller
Unit) is an open-source software and
hardware development environment
that is built around a very inexpensive
System-on-a-Chip(SOC) called the
ESP8266.
 An Arduino-like device
 Main component: ESP8266 With
 programmable pins And built-in Wi-Fi
 Power via USB
 Low cost

16. WE CAN DO WITH IT
 Program it via C or LUA
 Access it via Wi-Fi (ex. HTTP)
 Connect pins to any device
 (in or out)
 Access the internet
 Access the server

17. NODE MCU PINOUT
Interfacing cable
USB A – MICRO USB

19. Microcontroller ESP-8266 32-bit
Clock Speed 80-160 MHz
USB Connector Micro USB
Operating Voltage 3.3V
Input Voltage 4.5V-10V
Flash Memory/SRAM 4 MB / 128 KB
GPIO Pins 17
Digital I/O Pins 11
Analog In Pins 1
PWM Pins 4
ADC Range 0-3.3V
UART/SPI/I2C 2 / 1 / 1
WiFi Built-In 802.11 b/g/n
Temperature Range -40C – 125C
Cost Rs. 350
SPECIFICATION

21. ARDUINO IDE

23. pinMode(pin, mode): set a digital pin to input or output mode (INPUT or
OUTPUT).
digitalRead(pin): returns the value of a digital pin, either LOW or HIGH
digitalWrite(pin, value): writes LOW or HIGH to a digital pin.
analogRead(pin): returns the value of an analog input (from O to 1023).
analogWrite(pin, value): writes an analog value (PWM wave) to a digital pin
that supports it (pins 3, 5, 6, 9, IO, and 11); value should be from O (always
Off) to 255 (always on).
delay(time in milliseconds): pauses the code for time in milliseconds
(1 second = 1000 milliseconds)
BASIC SYNTAX

25. LED BLINKING
int ledPin = 7;
void setup()
{
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{ digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
delay(1000);
}
PROGRAM

26. IR SENSOR INTERFACING

27. int IRSensor = 9;
int LED = 13;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(IRSensor, INPUT);
pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
int sensorStatus = digitalRead(IRSensor);
if (sensorStatus == 1)
{
digitalWrite(LED, LOW);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(LED, HIGH);
}
}
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM PROGRAM

28. IOT PLATFORMS

29. IOT CONTROL LED USING MOBILE THROUGH IOT
MOBILE NODE MCU
BLYNK
SERVER
INTERNET
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
WORKING

30. #define BLYNK_PRINT Serial
#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID "TMPLtYPT9XZa"
#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_NAME "HASANAUTOMATION"
#defineBLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN"JvZcHDC3F1j2Mwh5yvTKDNCeSfN6TK4"
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h>
char auth[] = "JvZcHDC3F1j2Mwh5yvTKDNCeSfN6TK4a";
char ssid[] = "OPPO Reno7 5G";
char pass[] = "hasan2412";
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
}
void loop()
{
Blynk.run();
}
RELAY 5V
Its an electronic control
switch

31. SIMULATION SOFTWARE’S

32. Parameters Arduino Nodemcu
Microcontroller ATmega328p ESP8266
No of bits 8 bit 32 bit
Digital pins 14 16
Analog pins 6 1
Digital pin with PWM 6 16
Operating Voltage 5v 3.3v
Current Consumptions 45 mA – 80 mA 15 µA – 400 mA
Current consumption in Deep Sleep
mode
35 mA 0.5 µA
Clock Speed 16 MHz 80 MHz
WIFI Absent Present
SPI 1 2
I2C 1 1
UART 1 1
EEPROM 1024 bytes 512 bytes
SRAM 2 KB 64KB
Flash Memory 32 KB 4MB
ARDUINO VS NODEMCU

33. APPLICATIONS
 Robotics and automation
 Internet of Things (IoT) devices
 Control systems
 Home automation systems
 Data loggers
 Musical instruments and light shows
 Prototyping and testing electronic circuits
 Automated gardening systems
 Measuring and monitoring systems
 Educational purposes for teaching electronics
and programming.

34. FUTURE SCOPE
The future scope of Arduino is vast, and it is constantly evolving.
Here are some of the future possibilities for Arduino:
1. Integration with AI: Arduino can be integrated with machine learning and artificial
intelligence, which can enable the development of intelligent systems.
2. Wearable technology: Arduino can be used to develop wearable technology, such as
smartwatches and fitness trackers, which are becoming increasingly popular.
3. Automation: Arduino can be used to develop automation systems, such as home
automation systems, industrial control systems, and smart agriculture systems.
4. Education: Arduino is a popular tool for teaching electronics and programming, and it
has the potential to play a significant role in the future of education.
5. Robotics: Arduino can be used to develop robotics projects, including drones, humanoid
robots, and robotic arms.

35. UPCOMMING ARDUINO’S

36. CONCLUSION
Arduino and NodeMCU are popular open-source platforms for building
electronics projects, each with their own strengths and weaknesses.
Arduino is better suited for simple projects, while NodeMCU is better
for IoT applications that require advanced connectivity and internet
access.
Overall, the choice between Arduino and NodeMCU depends on the
specific needs of the project. Arduino is better suited for simple
projects that do not require advanced connectivity, while NodeMCU
is a better choice for IoT applications that require advanced
connectivity and internet access.

37. REFERENCE
https://chat.openai.com/chat
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide
https://circuitdigest.com/article/top-
10-best-arduino-projects
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/ar
duino/arduino_blinking_led.htm
https://github.com/blynkkk/bly
nk-library/releases
https://www.instructables.com/Getti
ng-Started-with-Arduino-3/
https://www.youtube.com/@HowtoElectronics
https://www.youtube.com/@ViralScience

38. THANK YOU
!