4. Acquisition versus learning
Acquisition Learning
Listening for meaning Explain and practise grammar
Reading for meaning Learn vocab lists
Avoid L1 Do drills, focusing on form
Don’t talk much about rules Skill-acquisition
Focus on input, less on practice Use L2, including translation
5. Input tasks
• Listening to recordings and doing comprehension tasks.
• Listening to the teacher while doing question-answer or drill style work.
• Watching and listening to a video.
• Reading an article or story and doing oral or written comprehension on it.
• Doing extensive reading.
• Using a picture for oral discussion led by the teacher.
• Doing a question-answer sequence when introducing new grammar or
vocabulary.
• Doing a cloze task with the focus on meaning.
• Playing Simon Says.
• Doing a crossword from TL to English or with the focus on sentences in the TL.
6. Output tasks
• Doing a grammar-translation task (e.g. translating from English to TL).
• Writing a composition "cold", with little help from a source text.
• Memorising a talk or essay for a controlled assessment.
• Doing a cloze exercise with the focus on grammatical accuracy.
• Playing hangman.
• Solving anagrams.
• Doing a crossword from English to TL.
• Practising learned conversations with a partner.
• Creating a grammar presentation.
• Designing a poster.