SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 27
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
OVERVIEW: THE KEY ROLES OF CELL
DIVISION
The ability of organisms to reproduce best distinguishes
living things from non-living matter.
The continuity of life is based upon the reproduction of
cells, or cell division.
Cell division is integral part of cell cycle.
OVERVIEW OF THE CELL CYCLE
INTERPHASE
Interphase includes:
• G1 Phase:
• S Phase:
• G2 Phase:
INTERPHASE: G1 PHASE
• Recovery from previous
division
• Cell doubles its organelles
• Cell grows in size
• Accumulates raw materials
for DNAsynthesis (DNA
replication)
INTERPHASE: S PHASE
• DNA replication
• Proteins associated with DNA
are synthesized
INTERPHASE: G2
PHASE
• Between DNA replication and
onset of mitosis
• Cell synthesizes proteins
necessary for division
CELL CYCLE: MITOSIS PHASE
Mitosis phase includes:
• Mitosis (karyokinesis)
• Nuclear division
• Daughter chromosomes
distributed to two daughter
nuclei
• Cytokinesis
• Cytoplasm division
• Results in two genetically
identical daughter cells
• Chromatin condenses.
• Centrosomes separate,
moving to opposite ends
of the nucleus
• The centrosomes start to
form a framework used to
separate the two sister
chromatids called the
mitotic spindle, that is
made of microtubules
• Nucleolus disappears
• Nuclear envelope
disintegrates
MITOSIS PHASE: PROPHASE
What’s happening? What the cell looks like?
MITOSIS PHASE: PROMETAPHASE
What’s happening? What the cell looks like?
• Nuclear envelope
fragments
• Chromosomes become
more condensed
• A kinetochore is formed
at the centromere, the
point where the sister
chromatids are attached
• Microtubules attach at
the kinetochores
MITOSIS PHASE: METAPHASE
What’s happening? What the cell looks like?
• Chromosomes align on
an axis called the
metaphase plate
• Note: the spindle
consists of
microtubules, one
attached to each
chromosome
MITOSIS PHASE: ANAPHASE
What’s happening? What the cell looks like?
• Each centromere splits
making two chromatids
free
• Each chromatid moves
toward a pole
• Cell begins to elongate,
caused by microtubules
not associated with the
kinetochore
MITOSIS PHASE: TELOPHASE
What’s happening? What the cell looks like?
• Formation of nuclear
membrane and nucleolus
• Short and thick
chromosomes begin to
elongate to form long and
thin chromatin
• Formation of the cleavage
furrow - a shallow groove in
the cell near the old
metaphase plate
• Cytokinesis = division of the
cytoplasm
RESULTS OF MITOSIS
• Two daughter nuclei
• Each with same chromosome
number as parent cell ( 2n)
• Genetically identical to each
other and the parent cell
MEIOSIS
• Formation of Gametes (Eggs & Sperm)
• Called Reduction- division
• Preceded by interphase which includes
chromosome replication
• Two meiotic divisions
• Meiosis I and Meiosis II
• Original cell is diploid (2n)
• Four daughter cells produced that are
haploid (n)
SIGNIFICANCE OF MEIOSIS
• Two haploid (1n) gametes are brought together
through fertilization to form a diploid (2n) zygote
MEIOSIS I: PROPHASE I
Prophase I is further subdivided into
periods known as
•Leptotena
•Zygotena
•Pachytena
•Diplotena
•Diakinesis
A physical exchange of
chromosome pieces
PROPHASE I
METAPHASE I
Homologous pairs
of chromosomes
align along the
equator of the cell
ANAPHASE I
Homologs separate and
move to opposite poles.
Sister chromatids remain
attached at their centromeres.
TELOPHASE I
Nuclear envelopes reassemble.
Spindle disappears.
Cytokinesis divides cell into two.
MEIOSIS II: PROPHASE II
Nuclear envelope
fragments.
Spindle forms.
MEIOSIS II: METAPHASE II
Chromosomes align
along equator of cell.
MEIOSIS II: ANAPHASE II
Sister chromatids separate
and move to opposite poles.
Equator
Pole
MEIOSIS II: TELOPHASE II
Nuclear envelope
assembles.
Chromosomes
decondense.
Spindle disappears.
Cytokinesis divides cell
into two.
RESULTS OF MEIOSIS
• Four haploid cells with one
copy of each chromosome
SUMMARY OF MEIOSIS I
Nucleus
Spindle
fibers
Nuclear
envelope
EARLY
PROPHASE
I
LATE PROPHASE I METAPHASE I ANAPHASE I TELOPHASE I &
CYTOKINESIS
SUMMARY OF MEIOSIS II
Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II 4 I
Undentical
haploid
cells

Más contenido relacionado

Was ist angesagt?

Meiosis gamete production with turning point
Meiosis gamete production with turning pointMeiosis gamete production with turning point
Meiosis gamete production with turning pointtas11244
 
5 10 cell division and cell cycle ppt
5 10 cell division and cell cycle ppt5 10 cell division and cell cycle ppt
5 10 cell division and cell cycle pptAshwinKshirsagar2
 
Mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosisMitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosisKarl Pointer
 
Cell cycle & cell division
Cell cycle & cell divisionCell cycle & cell division
Cell cycle & cell divisiondebasish prusty
 
Mitosis powerpoint
Mitosis powerpointMitosis powerpoint
Mitosis powerpointsupermario_
 
Asexual reproduction
Asexual reproductionAsexual reproduction
Asexual reproductionLee Guekbee
 
Chapter 4-cell division, mitosis, DNA, protein production
Chapter 4-cell division, mitosis, DNA, protein productionChapter 4-cell division, mitosis, DNA, protein production
Chapter 4-cell division, mitosis, DNA, protein productionSteven_iannuccilli
 
Plate tectonics, earthquakes, and volcanism final(3)1
Plate tectonics, earthquakes, and volcanism final(3)1Plate tectonics, earthquakes, and volcanism final(3)1
Plate tectonics, earthquakes, and volcanism final(3)1Grace Espago
 
Eukaryote vs prokaryote cells
Eukaryote vs prokaryote cellsEukaryote vs prokaryote cells
Eukaryote vs prokaryote cellsttkbrown
 
sexual and asexual reproduction
sexual and asexual reproductionsexual and asexual reproduction
sexual and asexual reproductionAirene Domalaon
 
Convection currents and the mantle powerpoint
Convection currents and the mantle powerpointConvection currents and the mantle powerpoint
Convection currents and the mantle powerpointkristannsnyder
 
Significance of mitosis nd meosis sss
Significance of mitosis nd meosis sssSignificance of mitosis nd meosis sss
Significance of mitosis nd meosis sssHamid Hk
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Meosis
MeosisMeosis
Meosis
 
Meiosis gamete production with turning point
Meiosis gamete production with turning pointMeiosis gamete production with turning point
Meiosis gamete production with turning point
 
5 10 cell division and cell cycle ppt
5 10 cell division and cell cycle ppt5 10 cell division and cell cycle ppt
5 10 cell division and cell cycle ppt
 
Mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosisMitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosis
 
Cell cycle & cell division
Cell cycle & cell divisionCell cycle & cell division
Cell cycle & cell division
 
Mitosis powerpoint
Mitosis powerpointMitosis powerpoint
Mitosis powerpoint
 
2015 Mitosis
2015 Mitosis2015 Mitosis
2015 Mitosis
 
Asexual reproduction
Asexual reproductionAsexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
 
Meiosis
Meiosis Meiosis
Meiosis
 
Chapter 4-cell division, mitosis, DNA, protein production
Chapter 4-cell division, mitosis, DNA, protein productionChapter 4-cell division, mitosis, DNA, protein production
Chapter 4-cell division, mitosis, DNA, protein production
 
Plate tectonics, earthquakes, and volcanism final(3)1
Plate tectonics, earthquakes, and volcanism final(3)1Plate tectonics, earthquakes, and volcanism final(3)1
Plate tectonics, earthquakes, and volcanism final(3)1
 
Meiosis
MeiosisMeiosis
Meiosis
 
Eukaryote vs prokaryote cells
Eukaryote vs prokaryote cellsEukaryote vs prokaryote cells
Eukaryote vs prokaryote cells
 
Mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosisMitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosis
 
Dihybrid cross
Dihybrid crossDihybrid cross
Dihybrid cross
 
sexual and asexual reproduction
sexual and asexual reproductionsexual and asexual reproduction
sexual and asexual reproduction
 
Convection currents and the mantle powerpoint
Convection currents and the mantle powerpointConvection currents and the mantle powerpoint
Convection currents and the mantle powerpoint
 
The six kingdoms
The six kingdomsThe six kingdoms
The six kingdoms
 
Meiosis
MeiosisMeiosis
Meiosis
 
Significance of mitosis nd meosis sss
Significance of mitosis nd meosis sssSignificance of mitosis nd meosis sss
Significance of mitosis nd meosis sss
 

Ähnlich wie cell cycle.pptx

Cell and Cell division.pptx
Cell and Cell division.pptxCell and Cell division.pptx
Cell and Cell division.pptxsanarao25
 
Biology theory 4: cell division and cell cycle
Biology theory 4: cell division and cell cycleBiology theory 4: cell division and cell cycle
Biology theory 4: cell division and cell cycleDr. Shameeran Bamarni
 
Cell and Cell division.pptx
Cell and Cell division.pptxCell and Cell division.pptx
Cell and Cell division.pptxsanarao25
 
Cell cycle and cell division
Cell cycle and cell divisionCell cycle and cell division
Cell cycle and cell divisionPraveen Garg
 
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptxmitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptxsanarao25
 
5. Cell Cycle and Mitosis.ppt
5. Cell Cycle and Mitosis.ppt5. Cell Cycle and Mitosis.ppt
5. Cell Cycle and Mitosis.pptHananeKatir1
 
独中高中生物Chapter 16 cell division
独中高中生物Chapter 16 cell division独中高中生物Chapter 16 cell division
独中高中生物Chapter 16 cell divisionYee Sing Ong
 
Chapter 5 cell division SPM Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 cell division SPM Biology Form 4Chapter 5 cell division SPM Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 cell division SPM Biology Form 4Yee Sing Ong
 
12 - The Cell Division Cycle
12 - The Cell Division Cycle12 - The Cell Division Cycle
12 - The Cell Division CycleAhmad V.Kashani
 
W60Aff6ZLR20CNoL269.pptx
W60Aff6ZLR20CNoL269.pptxW60Aff6ZLR20CNoL269.pptx
W60Aff6ZLR20CNoL269.pptxRCGaur1
 
The Cell Cycle and Cell Division
The Cell Cycle and Cell Division The Cell Cycle and Cell Division
The Cell Cycle and Cell Division Fasama H. Kollie
 
Cell cycle [compatibility mode]
Cell cycle [compatibility mode]Cell cycle [compatibility mode]
Cell cycle [compatibility mode]HK Neo
 

Ähnlich wie cell cycle.pptx (20)

Cell and Cell division.pptx
Cell and Cell division.pptxCell and Cell division.pptx
Cell and Cell division.pptx
 
Biology theory 4: cell division and cell cycle
Biology theory 4: cell division and cell cycleBiology theory 4: cell division and cell cycle
Biology theory 4: cell division and cell cycle
 
Cell and Cell division.pptx
Cell and Cell division.pptxCell and Cell division.pptx
Cell and Cell division.pptx
 
Cell cycle and cell division
Cell cycle and cell divisionCell cycle and cell division
Cell cycle and cell division
 
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptxmitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
 
Cell division Mitosis.pdf
Cell division Mitosis.pdfCell division Mitosis.pdf
Cell division Mitosis.pdf
 
5. Cell Cycle and Mitosis.ppt
5. Cell Cycle and Mitosis.ppt5. Cell Cycle and Mitosis.ppt
5. Cell Cycle and Mitosis.ppt
 
独中高中生物Chapter 16 cell division
独中高中生物Chapter 16 cell division独中高中生物Chapter 16 cell division
独中高中生物Chapter 16 cell division
 
16BBT0082
16BBT008216BBT0082
16BBT0082
 
MITOSIS
MITOSISMITOSIS
MITOSIS
 
Chapter 5 cell division SPM Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 cell division SPM Biology Form 4Chapter 5 cell division SPM Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 cell division SPM Biology Form 4
 
12 - The Cell Division Cycle
12 - The Cell Division Cycle12 - The Cell Division Cycle
12 - The Cell Division Cycle
 
Cell division, a new way.
Cell division, a new way.Cell division, a new way.
Cell division, a new way.
 
2-190118112234.pdf
2-190118112234.pdf2-190118112234.pdf
2-190118112234.pdf
 
W60Aff6ZLR20CNoL269.pptx
W60Aff6ZLR20CNoL269.pptxW60Aff6ZLR20CNoL269.pptx
W60Aff6ZLR20CNoL269.pptx
 
The Cell Cycle and Cell Division
The Cell Cycle and Cell Division The Cell Cycle and Cell Division
The Cell Cycle and Cell Division
 
mitosis
mitosismitosis
mitosis
 
Cell cycle
Cell cycleCell cycle
Cell cycle
 
Cell cycle [compatibility mode]
Cell cycle [compatibility mode]Cell cycle [compatibility mode]
Cell cycle [compatibility mode]
 
Cell division
Cell divisionCell division
Cell division
 

Mehr von 21tanvisingh

SBL100-Immunology lectures 1-3.pptx
SBL100-Immunology lectures 1-3.pptxSBL100-Immunology lectures 1-3.pptx
SBL100-Immunology lectures 1-3.pptx21tanvisingh
 
chromosomalaberration-liwalug-150705204324-lva1-app6892.pptx
chromosomalaberration-liwalug-150705204324-lva1-app6892.pptxchromosomalaberration-liwalug-150705204324-lva1-app6892.pptx
chromosomalaberration-liwalug-150705204324-lva1-app6892.pptx21tanvisingh
 
animalbehaviorpowerpoint-130608123830-phpapp02.pptx
animalbehaviorpowerpoint-130608123830-phpapp02.pptxanimalbehaviorpowerpoint-130608123830-phpapp02.pptx
animalbehaviorpowerpoint-130608123830-phpapp02.pptx21tanvisingh
 
animal-behavior-PowerPoint.ppt
animal-behavior-PowerPoint.pptanimal-behavior-PowerPoint.ppt
animal-behavior-PowerPoint.ppt21tanvisingh
 
Animal Behavior.ppt
Animal Behavior.pptAnimal Behavior.ppt
Animal Behavior.ppt21tanvisingh
 

Mehr von 21tanvisingh (7)

DNA_Packaging.ppt
DNA_Packaging.pptDNA_Packaging.ppt
DNA_Packaging.ppt
 
bacteria.pptx
bacteria.pptxbacteria.pptx
bacteria.pptx
 
SBL100-Immunology lectures 1-3.pptx
SBL100-Immunology lectures 1-3.pptxSBL100-Immunology lectures 1-3.pptx
SBL100-Immunology lectures 1-3.pptx
 
chromosomalaberration-liwalug-150705204324-lva1-app6892.pptx
chromosomalaberration-liwalug-150705204324-lva1-app6892.pptxchromosomalaberration-liwalug-150705204324-lva1-app6892.pptx
chromosomalaberration-liwalug-150705204324-lva1-app6892.pptx
 
animalbehaviorpowerpoint-130608123830-phpapp02.pptx
animalbehaviorpowerpoint-130608123830-phpapp02.pptxanimalbehaviorpowerpoint-130608123830-phpapp02.pptx
animalbehaviorpowerpoint-130608123830-phpapp02.pptx
 
animal-behavior-PowerPoint.ppt
animal-behavior-PowerPoint.pptanimal-behavior-PowerPoint.ppt
animal-behavior-PowerPoint.ppt
 
Animal Behavior.ppt
Animal Behavior.pptAnimal Behavior.ppt
Animal Behavior.ppt
 

Último

RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS: ENHANCING PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONALITY
RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS: ENHANCING PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONALITYRHEOLOGY MODIFIERS: ENHANCING PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONALITY
RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS: ENHANCING PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONALITYDnyandaBopche
 
structure of proteins and its type I PPT
structure of proteins and its type I PPTstructure of proteins and its type I PPT
structure of proteins and its type I PPTvishalbhati28
 
Introduction about protein and General method of analysis of protein
Introduction about protein and General method of analysis of proteinIntroduction about protein and General method of analysis of protein
Introduction about protein and General method of analysis of proteinSowmiya
 
ROLE OF HERBS IN COSMETIC SKIN CARE: ALOE AND TURMERIC
ROLE OF HERBS IN COSMETIC SKIN CARE: ALOE AND TURMERICROLE OF HERBS IN COSMETIC SKIN CARE: ALOE AND TURMERIC
ROLE OF HERBS IN COSMETIC SKIN CARE: ALOE AND TURMERICsnehalraut2002
 
AKSHITA A R ECOLOGICAL NICHE and Gauss lawpptx
AKSHITA A R ECOLOGICAL NICHE and Gauss lawpptxAKSHITA A R ECOLOGICAL NICHE and Gauss lawpptx
AKSHITA A R ECOLOGICAL NICHE and Gauss lawpptxharichikku1713
 
AI Published & MIT Validated Perpetual Motion Machine Breakthroughs (2 New EV...
AI Published & MIT Validated Perpetual Motion Machine Breakthroughs (2 New EV...AI Published & MIT Validated Perpetual Motion Machine Breakthroughs (2 New EV...
AI Published & MIT Validated Perpetual Motion Machine Breakthroughs (2 New EV...Thane Heins
 
Advance pharmacology presentation..............
Advance pharmacology presentation..............Advance pharmacology presentation..............
Advance pharmacology presentation..............SIMRAN VERMA
 
Non equilibrium Molecular Simulations of Polymers under Flow Saving Energy th...
Non equilibrium Molecular Simulations of Polymers under Flow Saving Energy th...Non equilibrium Molecular Simulations of Polymers under Flow Saving Energy th...
Non equilibrium Molecular Simulations of Polymers under Flow Saving Energy th...ORAU
 
Project report on Fasciola hepatica.docx
Project report on Fasciola hepatica.docxProject report on Fasciola hepatica.docx
Project report on Fasciola hepatica.docxpriyanshimanchanda4
 
Geometric New Earth, Solarsystem, projection
Geometric New Earth, Solarsystem, projectionGeometric New Earth, Solarsystem, projection
Geometric New Earth, Solarsystem, projectionWim van Es
 
SHAMPOO : OVERVIEW OF SHAMPOO AND IT'S TYPES.
SHAMPOO : OVERVIEW OF SHAMPOO AND IT'S TYPES.SHAMPOO : OVERVIEW OF SHAMPOO AND IT'S TYPES.
SHAMPOO : OVERVIEW OF SHAMPOO AND IT'S TYPES.kapgateprachi@gmail.com
 
Development of a Questionnaire for Identifying Personal Values in Driving
Development of a Questionnaire for Identifying Personal Values in DrivingDevelopment of a Questionnaire for Identifying Personal Values in Driving
Development of a Questionnaire for Identifying Personal Values in Drivingstudiotelon
 
Science9 Quarter 3:Latitude and altitude.pptx
Science9 Quarter 3:Latitude and altitude.pptxScience9 Quarter 3:Latitude and altitude.pptx
Science9 Quarter 3:Latitude and altitude.pptxteleganne21
 
20240315 ACMJ Diagrams Set 2.docx . With light, motor, coloured light, and se...
20240315 ACMJ Diagrams Set 2.docx . With light, motor, coloured light, and se...20240315 ACMJ Diagrams Set 2.docx . With light, motor, coloured light, and se...
20240315 ACMJ Diagrams Set 2.docx . With light, motor, coloured light, and se...Sharon Liu
 
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative Biolabs
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative BiolabsAdvances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative Biolabs
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative BiolabsCreative-Biolabs
 
Zoogeographical regions In the World.pptx
Zoogeographical regions In the World.pptxZoogeographical regions In the World.pptx
Zoogeographical regions In the World.pptx2019n04898
 
Preparation of enterprise budget for integrated fish farming
Preparation of enterprise budget for integrated fish farmingPreparation of enterprise budget for integrated fish farming
Preparation of enterprise budget for integrated fish farmingbhanilsaa
 
Naomi Baes's PhD Confirmation Presentation: A Multidimensional Framework for ...
Naomi Baes's PhD Confirmation Presentation: A Multidimensional Framework for ...Naomi Baes's PhD Confirmation Presentation: A Multidimensional Framework for ...
Naomi Baes's PhD Confirmation Presentation: A Multidimensional Framework for ...Naomi Baes
 
dkNET Webinar "The Multi-Omic Response to Exercise Training Across Rat Tissue...
dkNET Webinar "The Multi-Omic Response to Exercise Training Across Rat Tissue...dkNET Webinar "The Multi-Omic Response to Exercise Training Across Rat Tissue...
dkNET Webinar "The Multi-Omic Response to Exercise Training Across Rat Tissue...dkNET
 
Cultivating various strains of Duckweed Syllabus.pdf
Cultivating various strains of Duckweed Syllabus.pdfCultivating various strains of Duckweed Syllabus.pdf
Cultivating various strains of Duckweed Syllabus.pdfHaim R. Branisteanu
 

Último (20)

RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS: ENHANCING PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONALITY
RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS: ENHANCING PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONALITYRHEOLOGY MODIFIERS: ENHANCING PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONALITY
RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS: ENHANCING PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONALITY
 
structure of proteins and its type I PPT
structure of proteins and its type I PPTstructure of proteins and its type I PPT
structure of proteins and its type I PPT
 
Introduction about protein and General method of analysis of protein
Introduction about protein and General method of analysis of proteinIntroduction about protein and General method of analysis of protein
Introduction about protein and General method of analysis of protein
 
ROLE OF HERBS IN COSMETIC SKIN CARE: ALOE AND TURMERIC
ROLE OF HERBS IN COSMETIC SKIN CARE: ALOE AND TURMERICROLE OF HERBS IN COSMETIC SKIN CARE: ALOE AND TURMERIC
ROLE OF HERBS IN COSMETIC SKIN CARE: ALOE AND TURMERIC
 
AKSHITA A R ECOLOGICAL NICHE and Gauss lawpptx
AKSHITA A R ECOLOGICAL NICHE and Gauss lawpptxAKSHITA A R ECOLOGICAL NICHE and Gauss lawpptx
AKSHITA A R ECOLOGICAL NICHE and Gauss lawpptx
 
AI Published & MIT Validated Perpetual Motion Machine Breakthroughs (2 New EV...
AI Published & MIT Validated Perpetual Motion Machine Breakthroughs (2 New EV...AI Published & MIT Validated Perpetual Motion Machine Breakthroughs (2 New EV...
AI Published & MIT Validated Perpetual Motion Machine Breakthroughs (2 New EV...
 
Advance pharmacology presentation..............
Advance pharmacology presentation..............Advance pharmacology presentation..............
Advance pharmacology presentation..............
 
Non equilibrium Molecular Simulations of Polymers under Flow Saving Energy th...
Non equilibrium Molecular Simulations of Polymers under Flow Saving Energy th...Non equilibrium Molecular Simulations of Polymers under Flow Saving Energy th...
Non equilibrium Molecular Simulations of Polymers under Flow Saving Energy th...
 
Project report on Fasciola hepatica.docx
Project report on Fasciola hepatica.docxProject report on Fasciola hepatica.docx
Project report on Fasciola hepatica.docx
 
Geometric New Earth, Solarsystem, projection
Geometric New Earth, Solarsystem, projectionGeometric New Earth, Solarsystem, projection
Geometric New Earth, Solarsystem, projection
 
SHAMPOO : OVERVIEW OF SHAMPOO AND IT'S TYPES.
SHAMPOO : OVERVIEW OF SHAMPOO AND IT'S TYPES.SHAMPOO : OVERVIEW OF SHAMPOO AND IT'S TYPES.
SHAMPOO : OVERVIEW OF SHAMPOO AND IT'S TYPES.
 
Development of a Questionnaire for Identifying Personal Values in Driving
Development of a Questionnaire for Identifying Personal Values in DrivingDevelopment of a Questionnaire for Identifying Personal Values in Driving
Development of a Questionnaire for Identifying Personal Values in Driving
 
Science9 Quarter 3:Latitude and altitude.pptx
Science9 Quarter 3:Latitude and altitude.pptxScience9 Quarter 3:Latitude and altitude.pptx
Science9 Quarter 3:Latitude and altitude.pptx
 
20240315 ACMJ Diagrams Set 2.docx . With light, motor, coloured light, and se...
20240315 ACMJ Diagrams Set 2.docx . With light, motor, coloured light, and se...20240315 ACMJ Diagrams Set 2.docx . With light, motor, coloured light, and se...
20240315 ACMJ Diagrams Set 2.docx . With light, motor, coloured light, and se...
 
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative Biolabs
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative BiolabsAdvances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative Biolabs
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative Biolabs
 
Zoogeographical regions In the World.pptx
Zoogeographical regions In the World.pptxZoogeographical regions In the World.pptx
Zoogeographical regions In the World.pptx
 
Preparation of enterprise budget for integrated fish farming
Preparation of enterprise budget for integrated fish farmingPreparation of enterprise budget for integrated fish farming
Preparation of enterprise budget for integrated fish farming
 
Naomi Baes's PhD Confirmation Presentation: A Multidimensional Framework for ...
Naomi Baes's PhD Confirmation Presentation: A Multidimensional Framework for ...Naomi Baes's PhD Confirmation Presentation: A Multidimensional Framework for ...
Naomi Baes's PhD Confirmation Presentation: A Multidimensional Framework for ...
 
dkNET Webinar "The Multi-Omic Response to Exercise Training Across Rat Tissue...
dkNET Webinar "The Multi-Omic Response to Exercise Training Across Rat Tissue...dkNET Webinar "The Multi-Omic Response to Exercise Training Across Rat Tissue...
dkNET Webinar "The Multi-Omic Response to Exercise Training Across Rat Tissue...
 
Cultivating various strains of Duckweed Syllabus.pdf
Cultivating various strains of Duckweed Syllabus.pdfCultivating various strains of Duckweed Syllabus.pdf
Cultivating various strains of Duckweed Syllabus.pdf
 

cell cycle.pptx

  • 1. OVERVIEW: THE KEY ROLES OF CELL DIVISION The ability of organisms to reproduce best distinguishes living things from non-living matter. The continuity of life is based upon the reproduction of cells, or cell division. Cell division is integral part of cell cycle.
  • 2. OVERVIEW OF THE CELL CYCLE
  • 3. INTERPHASE Interphase includes: • G1 Phase: • S Phase: • G2 Phase:
  • 4. INTERPHASE: G1 PHASE • Recovery from previous division • Cell doubles its organelles • Cell grows in size • Accumulates raw materials for DNAsynthesis (DNA replication)
  • 5. INTERPHASE: S PHASE • DNA replication • Proteins associated with DNA are synthesized
  • 6. INTERPHASE: G2 PHASE • Between DNA replication and onset of mitosis • Cell synthesizes proteins necessary for division
  • 7. CELL CYCLE: MITOSIS PHASE Mitosis phase includes: • Mitosis (karyokinesis) • Nuclear division • Daughter chromosomes distributed to two daughter nuclei • Cytokinesis • Cytoplasm division • Results in two genetically identical daughter cells
  • 8. • Chromatin condenses. • Centrosomes separate, moving to opposite ends of the nucleus • The centrosomes start to form a framework used to separate the two sister chromatids called the mitotic spindle, that is made of microtubules • Nucleolus disappears • Nuclear envelope disintegrates MITOSIS PHASE: PROPHASE What’s happening? What the cell looks like?
  • 9. MITOSIS PHASE: PROMETAPHASE What’s happening? What the cell looks like? • Nuclear envelope fragments • Chromosomes become more condensed • A kinetochore is formed at the centromere, the point where the sister chromatids are attached • Microtubules attach at the kinetochores
  • 10. MITOSIS PHASE: METAPHASE What’s happening? What the cell looks like? • Chromosomes align on an axis called the metaphase plate • Note: the spindle consists of microtubules, one attached to each chromosome
  • 11. MITOSIS PHASE: ANAPHASE What’s happening? What the cell looks like? • Each centromere splits making two chromatids free • Each chromatid moves toward a pole • Cell begins to elongate, caused by microtubules not associated with the kinetochore
  • 12. MITOSIS PHASE: TELOPHASE What’s happening? What the cell looks like? • Formation of nuclear membrane and nucleolus • Short and thick chromosomes begin to elongate to form long and thin chromatin • Formation of the cleavage furrow - a shallow groove in the cell near the old metaphase plate • Cytokinesis = division of the cytoplasm
  • 13. RESULTS OF MITOSIS • Two daughter nuclei • Each with same chromosome number as parent cell ( 2n) • Genetically identical to each other and the parent cell
  • 14. MEIOSIS • Formation of Gametes (Eggs & Sperm) • Called Reduction- division • Preceded by interphase which includes chromosome replication • Two meiotic divisions • Meiosis I and Meiosis II • Original cell is diploid (2n) • Four daughter cells produced that are haploid (n)
  • 15. SIGNIFICANCE OF MEIOSIS • Two haploid (1n) gametes are brought together through fertilization to form a diploid (2n) zygote
  • 16. MEIOSIS I: PROPHASE I Prophase I is further subdivided into periods known as •Leptotena •Zygotena •Pachytena •Diplotena •Diakinesis
  • 17. A physical exchange of chromosome pieces PROPHASE I
  • 18. METAPHASE I Homologous pairs of chromosomes align along the equator of the cell
  • 19. ANAPHASE I Homologs separate and move to opposite poles. Sister chromatids remain attached at their centromeres.
  • 20. TELOPHASE I Nuclear envelopes reassemble. Spindle disappears. Cytokinesis divides cell into two.
  • 21. MEIOSIS II: PROPHASE II Nuclear envelope fragments. Spindle forms.
  • 22. MEIOSIS II: METAPHASE II Chromosomes align along equator of cell.
  • 23. MEIOSIS II: ANAPHASE II Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles. Equator Pole
  • 24. MEIOSIS II: TELOPHASE II Nuclear envelope assembles. Chromosomes decondense. Spindle disappears. Cytokinesis divides cell into two.
  • 25. RESULTS OF MEIOSIS • Four haploid cells with one copy of each chromosome
  • 26. SUMMARY OF MEIOSIS I Nucleus Spindle fibers Nuclear envelope EARLY PROPHASE I LATE PROPHASE I METAPHASE I ANAPHASE I TELOPHASE I & CYTOKINESIS
  • 27. SUMMARY OF MEIOSIS II Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II 4 I Undentical haploid cells