Fuel tank and accessories

By ZMERLY & CO
Eng. Wael Zmerly
FUEL STORAGE TANK
AND ACCESSORIES
06-06-2013
PROJECT LEBAON
German Technology,
Reliable, Safe &
Easy for Operation

PROJECT LEBANON 2013Eng. Wael Zmerly
FUEL STORAGE TANK AND ACCESSORIESZMERLY & CO SARL.
INTRODUCTION
A complete oil-burning plant begins at the oil tank
filling connection and ends at the chimney pipe.
Every parts of the plant must function so that
the system is CLEAN, STABLE and ECONOMIC.

FUEL STORAGE TANK AND ACCESSORIES
- Fuel oil tank
- Types of tanks
- Type of installation
- Tank sizing
- Burner connection
- Fuel supply pipe
- Suction devices
- Level management
- Fuel oil filters
- Fuel Deaerator

INDOOR FUEL TANK
• Maximum capacity per tank 2500 Liter.
• Tank location in ground floor or basement.
• In a well ventilated room with fire rated door.
• The indoor tank can be Metallic or plastic
• In case of single wall tank, the retention tank is mandatory.
• If the tank is placed in a garage, it should be protected from shock.

INDOOR FUEL TANK – RETENTION TANK
• Capacity of retention volume must
be equal to the maximum between:
100% of the volume of the biggest tank
• The retention tank is necessary to catch
the fuel oil in case of tank leakage.
50% of the total volume of all tanks
• The retention tank can be Metallic or concrete.

PLASTIC TANKS
• Material HDPE.
• Light, tight, safe, shock resistant,
ready to connect, optimal space use,
easy to maintain.
• Maximum capacity 1500 Liter.
• The plastic tanks are the most used for
small capacity, and for domestic use.
• Can be used for indoor and outdoor
installation.
• Combi tank, or double wall tank, are
safer and don’t need retention tank.
• Multiple tank in “Battery” installation up
to 10.000 Liter.

TANK CAPACITY
The sizing of the fuel tank, start from a Rule of thumb:
Consumption of 0.1 liter/hour of fuel oil per 1 kW boiler output.
Consider an Average of 400 Hour of heating per year.
The consumption is around 40L/year for 1kW.
The tank is filled twice per year.
The tank capacity calculation is based
on 20 Liter per kilowatt.

OIL QUALITY AND TEMPERATURE
The characteristics of the oil equipment are
factory-checked with a standard fuel oil having
closely fixed flow properties measured at 20°C.
(viscosity 6mm²/s).
On plant where the oil tank may be exposed to
low temperatures, certain problems can occur.
In an outdoor tank, the oil can easily become
cold and then thick .
The oil droplets become bigger , making the
flame longer and more ”sluggish” in burning, and
the nozzle output increase which will usually
mean that combustion becomes sooty.
Oil tanks which are outside and above
ground, and all the exposed pipes, ought to
be insulated to avoid problems in wintertime.

WATER IN THE FUEL OIL TANK
Any water in an oil tank is an extra hazard. When
temperatures drop to around freezing point the water
will turn into ice and may block the oil pipe.
When atmospheric air comes into contact with a cold oil
tank the air content will condense. After a time an
amount of water collect at the bottom of the tank.
Also rainwater often seeps into the tank because of a
badly seal filling cap, etc.
When the water in the bottom of the tank reaches such
a level that the suction line begins to draw water there
is a danger of the burner pump being damaged.
A special paste smeared on a dip stick, inserted into
the tank, it changes color to indicate the presence
of water in the tank.
Low outside
temperature
Low air
temperature

BURNER CONNECTION
Just as no human being can function without a
heart, so the oil pump is vital to the operation of an
oil-fired heating plant.
The fuel oil, is transported from the tank to the
burner and is subjected to a suitably high and
stable pressure.
The burner pump is usually
connected to two flexible
hose for supply and return.
An oil filter should be installed
upstream of the burner to prevent
the nozzle becomes clogged.

BURNER CONNECTION
On an installation where
the tank is located
higher than the pump, a
one-pipe system can be
used, i.e. a suction line
and no return line.
On an installation where the
tank is below the level of the
burner, the oil must be lifted.
Most commonly used for this
application is the two-pipe
system, i.e. a suction and a
return line.
Any excessive oil as well as air is returned
to the tank where the system vents itself.
In this type, the amount of return oil is
higher than the supplied to the nozzle.
The nozzle take only 5% and reject 95%
of the fuel to the tank.
This kind of connection
is achieved by a small
modification in the
burner pump, or by
installing a fuel filter
with integrated return.

TANK POSITION
The suction capacity of the pump and the associated pipe dimensions must be
accurately known. The reliability of the system depends entirely on whether the pump
can lift oil from the tank and deliver it to the burner.
Operating with too strong vacuum must be prevented.
For system under pressure,
burner catalogue must be
checked for maximum
permissible height.
The max. suction head
depend varies with altitude.

SUCTION PIPE SIZING
The fuel oil flow rate is based on a consumption of 0.1 liter/hour
per 1 kW boiler output.
Dimensioning of the oil suction pipe and fittings is essential for the
smooth and right operation of the oil burner.
Other parameters to be considered:
• The height of the tank above the burner.
• The total length of the pipe.
• The number of elbows and fittings in the pipe.
• The pressure drop for equipment installed.
• The viscosity of the fuel.
• The density of the fuel.
The velocity in the suction line should be between 0.2 and 0.5 m/s.

SUCTION PIPE SIZING
For Burner capacity 30kW
Single pipe system:
Fuel Flow rate = 0.1x30 = 3 l/h
If we used a copper tube of
6x1mm, with inner diameter 4mm:
Linear pressure drop R = 7mbar/m.
Velocity V = 0.07m/s
Double pipe system:
Fuel Flow rate = 0.1x30x20 = 60 l/h
If we used a copper tube of
10x1mm, with inner diameter 8mm:
Linear pressure drop R = 8.5mbar/m.
Velocity V = 0.33m/s.
The DIN 4755 specify a max. total
pressure loss of less than 0.4 bar

SUCTION LINE DIVICES
A suction line is not merely a pipe between oil tank and pump. Extra equipment
is necessary in the line, to ensure reliability and to meet statutory requirements.
• quick acting isolating valve on the tank.
• Pre-filter to protect the plant from dirt and
sediment in the oil tank
• Manual shut-off valve integrated in the filter to
make it easy to clean or replace the cartridge.
• Diaphragm anti siphon valves, to prevent the oil
in the tank being siphoned off if a leakage in the
suction pipe occurs.
• Pressure balance device.

FLOATING SUCTION “FLEXO-BLOC”
The heating oil is drawn off approx.
4-6 cm below the oil level. This way
only the cleanest oil is used.
When the tank is empty, a star-
shaped spacer protects the suction
from immersing into the oil sump.
“Flexo-Bloc” with floating suction is
used as oil draining facility for
individual and battery tanks.
The “Flexo-Bloc” is equipped with an
quick acting isolating valve with
rocker arm which can be operated
with the help of a release cord.
An integrated non-return ball check
valve prevents a drop of the oil
column during burner stop.

DIAPHRAGM ANTI-SIPHON VALVE “OILSTOP”
Diaphragm anti-siphon valves prevent the oil in the tank
being siphoned off if a leakage in the suction pipe occurs.
Diaphragm anti siphon valves are installed in the suction
pipes of heating oil installation, where the tank level is
above the lowest point of the suction pipe.

PRESSURE BALANCE DEVICE “OLEX”
After inactivation of the burner, the oil in the
suction pipe between the non-return check valve at
the tank and the valve at the burner pump may
become trapped. If the oil in the pipework warms
up, it expands and pressure increases.
The expanding oil is absorbed by the pressure
balance device and an inadmissible pressure
increase is avoided.

MECHANICAL LEVEL INDICATOR
• Infinitely adjustable for tanks up to
2 m height.
• Oventrop Mechanical level indicator
measures the height of the fuel in
the tank in Cm
• According to DIN 4755, every oil
storage tank, and in the case of
multi-chamber tanks, every chamber
must be equipped with a facility for
measuring the liquid level.
• Easy to connect and adjust.

PNEUMATIC LEVEL INDICATOR
The level indicator measures the hydrostatic
liquid pressure at the tank bottom. The
pressure is measured approx. 2Cm above the
tank bottom and displayed on the gauge dial.
• It indicats the liquid height in %,
from 0 to 100%, for rectangular and
horizontal cylindrical tanks.
• Capillary tubing, Cu tubing or PE hose
can be used to connect to the tank.
• Infinitely adjustable for tank
heights from 1 to 3 m, and up to
50m distance.
• the outside temperature can be in
between -5°C and +55°C
• Install a condensate trap if the level
indicator is mounted below the max.
liquid level in the tank.
Up to 50m

LEVEL GAUGE WITH ELECTRONIC REMOTE INDICATOR
Indicating the current level
of the fuel, and monitoring
minimum and maximum level.

OVERFILL PROTECTION
Tank filling limiter is installed to protect the tank from
overfilling. It is mandatory for above and underground
tanks exceeding 1000 liter.
It consists of a probe (height adjustable), which protrudes
into the tank. At its lower end sits the sensor (PTC).
The thermistor changes resistance
when immersed in the liquid abruptly.
This change is transmitted to the
truck to stop the filling pump.

FEUL FLOTING LIMIT
Special fuel float valve, and float switch.

TANK FILLING WHISTLE
When the tank is being filled, with
the whistle in place, a whistling sound
is made out through the vent pipe
next to the fill pipe.
Installed in vent opening on fuel oil tank.
The vent cap must not end in a closed area.
Vent cap with screen
When the fuel oil reaches the
whistle tube the whistling stops,
indicating the tank is near full.

FUEL OIL FILTER
One pipe Filter Two pipe Filter
Two pipe Filter
With return
Heating oil filters are manufactured in various types and sizes (filters for two pipe
systems and one pipe systems with/without return flow feed).
A choice of different
filter inserts is available.
Filtration range between
20 and 150 Microns.
On a domestic oil burner, in addition to the nozzle filter and the filter built into the oil
pump, there should be a separate filter in the suction line immediately before the pump.
The cartridge must be
changed once per year.

AIR SEPARATOR
When oil is drawn up from the oil tank to the burner, some gas bubbles can be
released from the oil. But also a big amount of bubbles is released from the fuel
coming back from the burner return.
The gas/air bubbles flow with the oil into
the oil pump and are the leading cause of
breakdowns, increased build up of soot,
unnecessary wear and tear on the oil
pump, and higher oil consumption.
The OVENTROP Toc-duo, and Toc-Uno
de-aerators make each installation even
more safe and efficient.
It ensures that oil passing through the oil pump
to the burner nozzle is completely air-free. This
allows highly efficient combustion without
dripping problems.
Oventrop heating oil de-aerator are used in one pipe systems with return flow feed
(suction systems) for effective filtering and de-aerating of heating oil.

AIR SEPARATOR

FEUL FLOTING LIMIT
With the wide rang of Oventrop
heating oil products, the engineers
and installers may fulfill the demands
of any installation.

www.zmerly.com/fueltank.pdf
FIND THE PRESENTATION ON THE LINK:

Fuel tank and accessories

Empfohlen

Empfohlen

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Andere mochten auch

Andere mochten auch (17)

Ähnlich wie Fuel tank and accessories

Ähnlich wie Fuel tank and accessories (20)

Mehr von ZMERLY & CO

Mehr von ZMERLY & CO (20)

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Fuel tank and accessories