“INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FIQH” Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (Singapore) LESSON # 7 – “IKHTILAAF“ – DIFFERENCE OF OPINION AMONGST THE MADZAAHIB

1. “ INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FIQH ” Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adults conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST COMPASSIONATE, MOST MERCIFUL. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 ) LESSON # 7 – “ IKHTILAAF“ – DIFFERENCE OF OPINION AMONGST THE MADZAAHIB And say: O Lord! Increase for me my knowledge Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. “ To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

2. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 ) IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST COMPASSIONATE, MOST MERCIFUL.

3. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 ) “ O ye who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those charged with authority among you. If ye differ in anything among yourselves, refer it to Allah and His Messenger if ye do believe in Allah and the Last Day: that is best, and most suitable for final determination.” ( Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 49 ) IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST COMPASSIONATE, MOST MERCIFUL.

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15. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 ) IKHTILAF (holding to deferring views) MUNAZA-’A (asserting a difference in one’s opinion) MUJADALAH (disputation - argumentation) MUFARRAQOH – INSHIQAQ (divisive - enmity) IF NOT MANAGED WILL GO DOWN THE SLIPERRY SLOPE

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17. “ If Allah had so willed, succeeding generations would not have fought among each other, after clear (Signs) had come to them, but they (chose) to wrangle, some believing and others rejecting. If Allah had so willed they would not have fought each other; but Allah fulfils His plan.” ( Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 253 ) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

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19. “ And hold fast, all together by the rope which Allah (stretches out for you), and be not divided among yourselves; and remember with gratitude Allah's favour on you; for ye were enemies and He joined your hearts in love so that by His Grace, ye became brethren; and ye were on the brink of the pit of fire, and He saved you from it. Thus doth Allah make his signs clear to you: that ye may be guided.” ( Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 104 ) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

20. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 ) “ And obey Allah and His Messenger; and do not fall into disputes, lest ye lose heart and your power depart; and be patient and persevering: for Allah is with those who patiently persevere.” ( Qur’an: Anfal: 8: 46 )

25. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 ) “ Whosoever engages in any disputation (debate) without (basing his argument with) knowledge, Allah’s anger is upon him until he leaves it (the disputation).” ( Hadith quoted by Imam Ibn Hajar in “Az-Zawajir ”)

26. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 ) “ Three things will afflict (calamity upon) the religion: Learned scholars who are immoral; leaders who are unjust (oppressive); and those who give religious decree (Ijtihad) are ignorant.” ( Hadith reported by Ad-Dailamy from Ibn ‘;Abbas r.a.) ”)

27. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 ) “ Amongst you, after receiving guidance, you will not go astray except for those who then enter into debates (merely for argument sake) .” Then he (Prophet s.a.w.) recited a verse (Qur’an: Zukhruf: 43: 58): “ They raise not the objection save for argument. Nay! but they are a contentious folk.” ( Hadith quoted by Imam Ibn Hajar in “Az-Zawajir ”)

28. “ Whoever seeks knowledge (intending) to argue with the learned (scholars), or to brag with the foolish; or with it to attract peoples’ attention to himself; Allah will make him to enter the Hell-fire.” ( Hadith also reported by Tirmidzi and Ibn Majah ) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

29. “ ( ‘ilm ) Knowledge without Adab , is like (having) fire (but) without wood (fuel); and Adab without knowledge ( ‘ilm ) , is like (having) the Soul (but) without body.” All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

30. “ To leave (i.e. to refrain from) responding to the ignorant, is (already itself) a response.” All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

31. “ For he who seek the Truth, one proof (basis) is sufficient; Whereas to a contentious arrogant person, a thousand (proofs) will never satisfy him.” All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

39. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 ) Jaabir r.a. Narrated, “We were on a journey and on of us was injured. Later he had a wet dream (thus in Janabah ). He asked his companions “Can I perform Tayamum (dry ablution using dust)?” They said “No, not if you have water!” So he performed Ghusl’ (full obligatory bathe) and, he died. When they came to the Messenger of Allah s.a.w. , they informed him concerning what had happened. ........ PRECEDENCE DURING TIME OF THE PROPHET

40. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 ) ... He (the Messenger s.a.w.) said: “ They killed him, Allah will kill them. Do you not ask if you do not know? The remedy for ignorance is to ask question! He could have performed Tayamum and prevent water from his wound or wrapped it with something and wipe over the wrapping, and wash the rest of the body.” ( Hadith reported by Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah, Daruqutni and Ibn Sakin )

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43. “ (Honour) My successors ( Khulafa’ ), may Allah s.w.t. be Merciful towards them!.” He was asked: “ Who are your successors ( Khulafa’ ) O Messenger of Allah?” And he said: “ They are those who revive my Sunnah (Way or traditions) and teaches them to the servants of Allah.” ( Hadith of the Prophet s.a.w .) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

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45. " Verily Allah does not remove knowledge from the (hearts of the) people, rather he takes away knowledge by taking away its people (the true scholars – ‘ULAMA ), until there are no more scholars, the people then take leaders that are ignorant, and when they are asked, and give fatwas – religious rulings, (they give) without knowledge, so they misguide and are misguided.“ ( Hadith reported by Ashaab as-Sunnan from Ibnu ‘Umar r.a .) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

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47. “ When a trust ( AMANAH )is neglected, then wait for the time (of its destruction).” Somebody ask: ‘ How shall this be neglected O Messenger of Allah?’ He the replied: “When a matter (affair) is given over, not to its rightful (legitimate) person ( AHLIHA ), then wait for its time (of destruction).” ( Hadith reported by Bukhary ) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

48. “ If anyone contends with the Messenger even after guidance has been plainly conveyed to him, and follows a path other than that becoming to men to Faith, We shall leave him in the path he has chosen, and land him in Hell, what an evil refuge.” ( Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 115) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

55. “ An immoral man of learning is a great evil, yet a greater evil is an ignoramus leading a ‘godly’ life. Both are a great trial (FITNAH) everywhere, to whomever depends to them both (for guidance), in holding on to his religion” REFLECTION : We would indeed be afflicted with this Fitnah (trial). Only with appropriate knowledge and irshaadah , and more importantly Taufiq wal-Hidaa-ya from Allah SWT. would we be saved from its evil. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

56. “ O ye who believe! if you are conscious of and fear Allah ( TAQWA ), He will grant you a criterion ( FURQAN -to judge between right and wrong), remove from you (all) evil (that may afflict) you, and forgive you: for Allah is the Lord of grace unbounded.” ( Qur’an: Anfaal: 8: 29 ) REMEMBER THIS IMPORTANT COMMAND All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

57. ALLAA-HUM-MA – ARI-NAL-HAQ-QA - HAQ-QAN WAR- ZUQ-NAT - TI-BAA- ’A WA-ARI-NAL – BAA-TWILA – BAA-TWI-LAAN WAR-ZUQ-NAJ – TI –NAA - BAH “ O Allah! Make us see the Truth to be true and grant us the ability to follow it. And make us see Falsehood to be false and grant us the ability to reject it.” IMPORTANT DU’A All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )

58. http://an-naseehah.blogspot.com/ http://introductiontotauhid.blogspot.com/ http://oyoubelievers.blogspot.com/ http://al-amthaal.blogspot.com/ http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/ http://criteriaforaholybook-quran.blogspot.com/ http://with-the-truthful.blogspot.com/ http ://muqaddam-nurul.blogspot.com/ All welcome to visit my web-blog: All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011 )