[Slideshare] adab-lesson#12-(adab-in-working-life)-13-june-2012

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH
LESSON# 12 ( 13 June 2012 ) MOST COMPASSIONATE
MOST MERCIFUL.
Every Wednesday night @ 8pm
Wisma Indah 450 Changi Rd,#02-00
(Next to Masjid Kassim),

LESSONS ON
ISLAMIC
CONCEPT OF ADAB
By: Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

CONTINUATION OF THE 2ND RUN MODULE

PART 2
Arabic (plural) of Adab : meanings – “good breeding, decency,
nurture, good manners, refinement, cultured, decorum, courteous,
etiquette, propriety, social grace, to educate, discipline, the
humanities, etc.” sense of proportion and knowledge of their rightful
place in the order of things, the absence of which indicates injustice

Insha’Allah -This is a follow-up course, after completion
of 18 weeks course on the kitab “Ta’lim al-Muta’allim
Tariqit Ta’allum ” of Sheikh Tajuddin Nu’man Zarnuji

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2012)
1

RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON

By retracing our life, we start with understanding
our basic nature as a human being - having
inherent powers and their potentialities to be
developed.

All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2012)


In our relationship regarding our Education – we
are to encounter, i.e. assisted by our educators -

with what is referred to as, “knowledge”.



Yet, we are born helpless and have to be cared,
nurtured, to be inculcated with discipline, taught and
developed by a Murabbi’ (EDUCATOR) – the first of
whom are our PARENTS.


Relationship with the Parents and Teacher
Beginning of
education: Obedience to Parents and teachers
[1] Tarbiyya pertains
to training of the soul
still attached to TIME
desires, etc. KNOWLEDGE
TEACHERS
PARENTS
Teacher/Educator:
[1] Parent BODY SELF HEART
[2] Teacher
TONGUE
Although ultimate is DESIRE
Knowledge, (both MIND
theoretical and
practical) – initial
disciplining, rote learning, Islam: to submit the entire
memorization, etc. may be self (body, tongue, heart and
crucial. Mind) – Freeing it from desire
which needs to always be guided
to the Will of Allah. THE WORLD

ALLAH RASULULLAH
AHLIL-BAYTIHI ASHAABIHI
AL-QUR’AN
Relationship AS-SUNNAH HISTORY *Seerah
Tashri’
towards the KNOWLEDGE TIME
Tabaqat
Islamic
Prophet s.a.w. his S.E. Asia
TEACHERS The World
household & PARENTS
companions, and
reciting al-Qur’an SELF

“Educate (nurture) your children upon three things:
[1] To Love your Prophet (s.a.w.),
[2] And to love the Family members of his household (Aali Muhammad),
[3] and (learn) to recite Al-Qur’an.”
(Hadith narrated by Tabrani)
THE WORLD

NAFS al-AMMARAH
AD-DEENUL-ISLAM (Commanding self)

Link to various
TIME Quwwah (powers):

[1] shahwiyya
(desires)
[2] ghadabiyya
BODY (anger)
SELF HEART [3] Wahmiyah
(imaginative)
TONGUE [4] ‘aqliyya
DESIRE (thoughts)
MIND

Islam: to submit the entire
self (body, tongue, heart and
Mind) – Freeing it from desire

ALLAH RASULULLAH
AL-QUR’AN
HEREAFTER AS-SUNNAH

TIME

BODY SELF HEART
TONGUE
DESIRE
MIND


RASULULLAH
ALLAH AHLIL-BAYTIHI

ASHAABIHI
AL-QUR’AN
HEREAFTER AS-SUNNAH IMAM MADZAAHIB

TIME AL-‘ULAMA
KNOWLEDGE
TEACHERS
PARENTS

BODY
SELF HEART
TONGUE
DESIRE
MIND

10

• Thus it must not be mere learning of subjects but must have
specific objectives i.e. towards fulfilment of obligations which has
to be carried out in our Being (thoughts, words and deeds).
• This obligations are dependent upon our situation and state of
Being (spiritual station – ‘HAAL’ or ‘MAQOM’).
• The quantum may be increased and more important, the quality of
being in a particular state - may always change, increase/decrease.
• An important bestowal that we seek from Allah in this pursuit
towards excellence is “ISTIQOMAH ” – when Allah grant us firmness
in our station thus attained.


• It begins with the most basic state of Islam (submission), which one
gradually progresses towards higher stations, culminating with
TAQWA – the state which Allah distinguishes difference in nobility
amongst mankind.
• And the reality (HAQIQAH) of our existence is that we are tested in
matter of our relationships – from inner to outer, from creations to
the Creator, from self to family, to neighbours, to society, to
nations, to world and beyond – from the world to the Hereafter,
etc.
• And it requires our adherence to a single consciousness – within a
TAUHEEDIC worldview – without ever being disloyal or false to our
claim of being Witnesses to Allah’s Absolute Oneness and gratefully
acknowledging His Compassionate Justice (QISTw).

“Allah (SHAHIDA) witnesses that there is no deity except Him,
and [so do] the angels and those of knowledge - [that He is]
maintaining [creation] in justice (QISTw). There is no deity
except Him, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
Indeed, the religion in the sight of Allah is AL-ISLAM. And those
who were given the Scripture did not differ except after
knowledge had come to them - out of jealous animosity
between themselves. And whoever disbelieves in the verses of
Allah, then indeed, Allah is swift in [taking] account.”
(Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 18-19)


• These, on the following charts, are the general overview of
whom we need to relate with our “ADAB” to – while we are in
this world. To know their places and accord them their due.
• It is suggested that for which ever lessons, mind-map should be
drawn and annotated wherever relevant as we go along. The
subject matter may seem disparate, but actually they are
interconnected wholistically – i.e. connected to the Divine Plan.
For “we are in the world but not of this world.”
• WaAllaahu a’lam.


APPENDIX
RASULULLAH
ALLAH AHLIL-BAYTIHI

ASHAABIHI
AL-QUR’AN
HEREAFTER AS-SUNNAH IMAM MADZAAHIB
HISTORY
TIME AL-‘ULAMA AD-DA’WAH
ANCESTORS KNOWLEDGE
TEACHERS MUJAAHID
SIBLINGS PARENTS
SPOUSE IN-LAWS
CLASSMATES BODY
SELF HEART CHILDREN
FRIENDS TONGUE HEALTH
DESIRE
CO-WORKERS MIND WEALTH
EMPLOYER/EMPLOYEE AL-UMMAH STATUS

FELLOW MUSLIMS NEIGHBOURS AMBITIONS

NGO’s/GO’s NON-MUSLIMS
THE WORLD
17

“Seek instead, by means of what Allah has granted
thee, [the good of] the life to come, without forgetting,
withal, thine own [rightful] share in this world; and do
good [unto others] as Allah has done good unto thee;
and seek not to spread corruption on earth: for, verily,
Allah does not love the spreaders of corruption!””
(Qur’an: Qasas: 28: 77)


RELATIONSHIP IN WORKING LIFE ALLAH
“.. fulfil (all) obligations” RASULULLAH
(Qur’an: Maidah : 5: 1)

HEREAFTER TIME
KNOWLEDGE
TEACHERS
SIBLINGS PARENTS

CLASSMATES
SELF
HEALTH
STATUS AMBITIONS WEALTH

NEIGHBOURS BE RESPONSIBLE TOWARDS ALL
CONTRACTS AND OBLIGATIONS
“Be conscious of Allah (TAQWA) wherever you may be,...
(Hadith of the Prophet reported by Tabrani) THE WORLD


HEREAFTER TIME
KNOWLEDGE
TEACHERS
PARENTS

SELF
FRIENDS
HEALTH
CO-WORKERS
EMPLOYER/EMPLOYEE
BE RESPONSIBLE TOWARDS ALL


HEREAFTER TIME
KNOWLEDGE
TEACHERS
PARENTS
SPOUSE

SELF CHILDREN
FRIENDS
HEALTH
CO-WORKERS
EMPLOYER/EMPLOYEE


HEREAFTER TIME
KNOWLEDGE
TEACHERS
PARENTS
SPOUSE

SELF CHILDREN
FRIENDS
HEALTH
CO-WORKERS

EMPLOYER/EMPLOYEE
STATUS AMBITION WEALTH

“And nothing is the life of this world but a play and
a passing delight; and the life in the hereafter is by
far the better for all who are conscious of Allah.
Will you not, then, use your reason?”
(Qur’an: An-’am: 6: 32)


“ALLURING unto man is the enjoyment of worldly
desires through women, and children, and heaped-
up treasures of gold and silver, and horses of high
mark, and cattle, and lands.
All this may be enjoyed in the life of this world - but
the most beauteous of all goals is with Allah.”
(Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 14)


TASAWWUR ISLAM


• In the discourse regarding human motivation, ever since Maslow’s
“hierarchy of needs” there has been many subsequent theories which
were critical of it and alternatives are being offered. These include:
• Theory X and Theory Y
• Herzberg 2-Factor Theory
• David McClelland's Theory of Needs
• Cognitive Evaluation Theory


• Goal-Setting Theory
• Management by Objectives (MOB)
• Self-Efficacy
• Reinforcement Theory
• Equity and Justice Theory
• Expectancy Theory

Yet, Maslow’s observation regarding the human natural preference or
tendencies towards fulfilment of his basic needs before aspiring towards
being altruistic, hold true in most instances (although there are
exceptions).


• Due to the popularity of Maslow’s Theory (despite the criticism), we begin
our discussion on motivation using his pyramid as a base comparison.
Hoping that it being familiar to all those engaged in discourse on
motivation, it would aid easy appreciation when compared.

• This presentation, Insha'Allah, intends to present a Muslim’s response of
Maslow’s “Hierarchy of Needs Theory” including an explanation of what
motivates a Muslim. I have long asserted that a Muslim’s worldview
requires him to focus on different ‘drivers’ (considerations) as motivation.


TASAWWUR ISLAM

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in
psychology that Abraham Maslow (1908 –1970)
proposed in his 1943 paper “A Theory of Human Motivation”

*Diagram from Wikipedia
33
AllRightsReserved©Zhulkeflee2005 (2012)
All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

• Maslow’s observation of peoples’ tendencies towards being
self-centred; whose instinct for survival, for self-preservation,
not unlike the animal species - echoes the “Darwinian” theory
of the “Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection” and
the survival of the fittest. Whether or not Maslow subscribe to
Darwinism, is irrelevant. Perhaps it is coincidental.


Maslow does acknowledge the role of religion which somehow
motivates man towards self-actualization which he actually
admires, albeit as the exception. Yet, for him and many
secular-humanists, behavioural psychologists etc. generally,
they view man’s potential towards purely altruistic motivation
can be possible only after most of his basic needs & wants are
addressed adequately.


This equates human still to be on the same level as that of
animals, as though naturally, man is unable to resist his primal
instincts and urges for survival. But are human not
distinguished for having free-will and capable of being moral?

Surely being human must entail this difference.


• We, Muslims differ from this view that human is an specie
evolved from the animal (as in “Darwinian”), because we
believe that human is a unique and separate specie altogether,
who already possess intellect, free-will and innate moral
conscience which differentiate us from beasts. A man who
denies or by ignoring this in himself, and to merely follow his
desires is to stoop into becoming inhuman (to de-humanise).


• Yet Maslow and other secular psychologists, may be partly
correct in their observation of human behaviour, perhaps
because those whom they have observed were generally the
immoral, the irreligious and selfish people of his time, even
those who claim to follow religion – because admittedly there
are such human-beings.


“Have you seen the one who takes as his god his own desire?
Then would you be responsible for him? Or do you think that
most of them hear or reason? They are not except like
livestock. Rather, they are [even] more astray in [their] way.”
(Qur’an: Furqan: 25: 43-44)


• In applying his theory on motivation - following strictly his
hierarchy of needs pyramid – thus it may only be effective
regarding those who are still driven by their desires, ego, selfish
considerations.


• But, this hierarchy of needs theory is irrelevant regarding the
religiously inclined, or those who already subscribe to an altruistic
philosophy in life, the self-actualised – especially the Muslims,
because Islam’s approach to a human (Muslim) development
begins firstly with conscious affirmation or declaration towards
self-actualization (as a Witness - ).
• Islam’s teaching for human development in fact begins by “Self-
actualising” each and every Muslim. So, Maslow’s observations of
an ‘self-actualised’ person is indeed interesting for Muslims to
relate to.


IN ENUMERATING TRAITS OF SELF-ACTUALIZED
PEOPLE, WE TEND TO AGREE WITH MASLOW,
FOR TO US, HE IS AS THOUGH IN FACT ALSO
DESCRIBING A MUSLIM ADHERING TO THE TRUE
TEACHINGS OF ISLAM.

‘Self-actualization’ — a concept Maslow attributed to Kurt Goldstein.


1. Awareness: 2. Honesty:
efficient perception of reality philosophical sense of humour

freshness of appreciation social interest

peak experiences deep interpersonal relationships

ethical awareness democratic character structure


3. Freedom 4. Trust
need for solitude problem centred

autonomous, independent acceptance of self, others, nature

creativity, originality resistance to enculturation - identity

spontaneous with humanity


TASAWWUR ISLAM

“an episode or spurt in which the powers of the person come together in
a particularly and intensely enjoyable way, and in which he is more
integrated and less split, more open for experience, more idiosyncratic,
more perfectly expressive or spontaneous, or fully functioning, more
creative, more humorous, more ego-transcending, more independent of
his lower needs, etc. He becomes in these episodes more truly himself,
more perfectly actualising his potentialities, closer to the core of his
being, more fully human. Not only are these his happiest and most
thrilling moments, but they are also moments of greatest maturity,
individuation, fulfilment - in a word, his healthiest moments.”

AllRightsReserved©Zhulkeflee2005 (2012) 45

TASAWWUR ISLAM

“an episode or spurt in which the powers of the person come together in
a particularly and intensely enjoyable way, and in which he is more
integrated and less split, more open for experience, more idiosyncratic,
more perfectly expressive or spontaneous, or fully functioning, more
creative, more humorous, more ego-transcending, more independent of
his lower needs, etc. He becomes in these episodes more truly himself,
more perfectly actualising his potentialities, closer to the core of his
being, more fully human. Not only are these his happiest and most
thrilling moments, but they are also moments of greatest maturity,
individuation, fulfilment - in a word, his healthiest moments.”


TASAWWUR ISLAM


TASAWWUR ISLAM

AND WHEN RELIGION OR
METAPHYSICS CAN BE
THE MEANS TO ACHIEVE THIS,
THEREFORE :


TASAWWUR ISLAM

Human perfection

“O you who have attained to faith! Surrender yourselves wholly unto
Allah, and follow not Satan's footsteps, for, verily, he is your open foe.“
(Qur’an: Baqarah: 2-208)

GUIDED BY THE “SHARI’AH”
ISLAM BEGINS WITH
SELF-ACTUALIZATION WITH ‘SHAHADATAIN’
50

TASAWWUR ISLAM

"Be ye (Robbaniyin) worshippers of Him (Who is truly the Cherisher of all)
for ye have taught the Book and ye have studied it earnestly." (Q:3:79)
Human perfection

ISLAM EMPHASISE FURTHER RIGHTEOUSNESS & PIETY (Bir/ Taqwa)
Esteem, HONOUR & SELF-ESTEEM, (‘Izzat/Ikram)
Love / sense of belonging SENSE OF BELONGING (Usrah/Ummah)
Safety, SECURITY, (Ahkam/Jihad/Salaam)
Physiological,
BASIC NEEDS (Halal/Haram)

ISLAM BEGINS WITH
51

TASAWWUR ISLAM

Human perfection

“SELF-PURIFICATION”
Tazkiyyatun-Nafs

ISLAM EMPHASISE FURTHER RIGHTEOUSNESS & PIETY (Bir/ Taqwa)
Love / belonging SENSE OF BELONGING (Usrah/Ummah)
Physiological, BASIC NEEDS (Halal/Haram)

ISLAM BEGINS WITH
52

TASAWWUR ISLAM

Human perfection
Thoroughly shedding every base,
egoistic, animalistic, devilish,
materialistic tendencies & desires, “SELF-PURIFICATION”
for higher angelic spiritual traits Tazkiyyatun-Nafs
– termed ‘selfless Godliness’
“RobbaaniyIn” modelled after
Prophet Muhammad’s noble RIGHTEOUSNESS & PIETY (Bir/ Taqwa)
disposition (Akhlaq).

ISLAM BEGINS WITH
53

TASAWWUR ISLAM

Human perfection

Tazkiyyatun-Nafs

RIGHTEOUSNESS & PIETY (Bir/ Taqwa)

ISLAM BEGINS WITH
54

TASAWWUR ISLAM

"Be ye (Robbaniyin) worshippers of Him (Who is truly the Cherisher of all)
for ye have taught the Book and ye have studied it earnestly." (Q:3:79)
Human perfection
Further ‘MUJAAHADAH’ , emulating
“INSAN KAAMIL”
Prophet Muhammad s.a.a.w
with TAUFIQ from Allah - to attain “INSAN ROB-BANI”
Tazkiyyatun-Nafs

RIGHTEOUSNESS & PIETY (Bir/ Taqwa)

ISLAM BEGINS WITH
55

“LET IT NOT deceive thee that those who are bent on
denying the truth seem to be able to do as they please on
earth: it is [but] a brief enjoyment, with hell thereafter as
their goal - and how vile a resting place! -”
(Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 196-197)


“Work for your worldly needs, as though you are going
to live forever, and strive (also to prepare) for your
Hereafter, as though you are going to die tomorrow.”

(Hadith reported by Baihaqy)


“What I have forbidden to you, avoid; what I have ordered
you [to do], do as much of it as you can. It was only their
excessive questioning and their disagreeing with their
Prophets that destroyed those who came before you.”

(Hadith reported by Bukhary & Muslim)


“There will come a time for mankind (in future),
when they (people) will not care how they work (to
get their wealth), whether it is Halal (through legal
means) or Haram (through illicit ways)”
(Hadith reported by Bukhary and an-Nasa-i)


“Verily, the flesh and blood which grew from partaking
food which are Haram (forbidden) will never enter the
Paradise. The fire (of Hell) is most appropriate for
such.”

(Hadith reported by Tirmidzi and Ibnu Hibban)


“Blessed is He (Allah) in whose hand is dominion, and He is
over all things competent -[He] who created death and life to
test you [as to] which of you is best in deed - and He is the
Exalted in Might, the Forgiving -.”
(Qur’an: Mulk: 67: 1-2)

“Allah keeps firm those who believe, with the firm word, in
worldly life and in the Hereafter. And Allah sends astray the
wrongdoers. And Allah does what He wills.”
(Qur’an: Ibrahim: 14: 27)


“Have you not considered those who exchanged the
favour of Allah for disbelief and settled their people [in]
the home of ruin?”
(Qur’an: Ibrahim: 14: 28)


All welcome to visit my web-blog:
• http://an-naseehah.blogspot.com/
• http://introductiontotauhid.blogspot.com/
• http://oyoubelievers.blogspot.com/
• http://al-amthaal.blogspot.com/
• http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/
• http://criteriaforaholybook-quran.blogspot.com/
• http://with-the-truthful.blogspot.com/
• http ://muqaddam-nurul.blogspot.com/

65

[Slideshare] adab-lesson#12-(adab-in-working-life)-13-june-2012

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