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Virtual Wireless User: A Practical Design for Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct in Group Communication
.

.

Connectivity: Defaults and
Paralliziation

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

2 /22
2/22
.

.

The Reality of Connectivity
LAN
WiFi
Direct
3G

Wireless
WINNER In presence of two connection
possibilities, defaults to WINNER.
The two connections can be
JOIN
used together ( joined ).
M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

WLAN

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

3 /22
3/22
.

.

WiFi Direct: What Is It?
• a

new standard for local wireless connectivity 15

no access point

• direct wireless -◦ for printers, file transfer, etc.

simplify auth

• attempt to
routines -- remember this party for future use?
• technologically the standard is twofold

Hotspot 2.0 Specification
◦ P2P WiFi 1.0 Specification
◦

• implemented by many smartphones and tablets, but not many notebooks
•

incredibly fast! --- compared to Bluetooth 4.0 or even traditional WiFi
15 "Wi-Fi Peer-to-Peer: Best Practical Guide" Wi-Fi Alliance (2010)

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

4 /22
4/22
.

.

Proposal: Basic Form
.
The Basic Idea is...
.
... to
external connections -- hence the multiconnect -- of group members

pool
using WiFi Direct as a glue that makes the group appear at one person
.
• a kind of virtualization -- different from virtualization on a single device
05
• WiFi Direct is sufficiently fast to stand up to the challenge
• practical in many kinds of
12

group communications -- classes, discussions, etc.

05 K.Yap+6 "Making use of all the networks around us: a case study in android" ACM SIGCOMM CellNet (2012)
12 myself+0 "Experiments on practical WLAN designs for digital classrooms" IEICE ComEx (2013)
M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

5 /22
5/22
.

.

MultiConnect Paradigms

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

6 /22
6/22
.

.

MultiConnect Paradigms
•

MPTCP: MultiPath TCP

◦ there is a Linux kernel 04
◦ well studied including wireless 03

•

P2P streaming -- aggregation of content from multiple peers 11
◦ a fundamental concept
◦ can be applied to clouds 11, browsers 13, etc.

• good overview/taxonomy in 06

.
Shared feature...
.
... is that both are
.

single source multiple route paradigms

04 "MultiPath TCP: Linux Kernel Implementation" http://multipath-tcp.org (2013)
03 Y.Chen+5 "A Measurement...of MultiPath TCP Performance over Wireless Networks" ACM SIGCOMM IMC (2013)
11 myself+0 "Multi-Source Stream Aggregation in the Cloud" Wiley Book (2013)
11 myself+0 "Multi-Source Stream Aggregation in the Cloud" Wiley Book (2013)
13 myself+0 "Experiments with application throughput in a browser with full HTML5 support" IEICE ComEx (2013)
06 A.Makela+2 "Comparison of load-balancing approaches for multipath connectivity" Elsevier (2012)
M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

7 /22
7/22
.

.

Real Life Experiments

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

8 /22
8/22
.

.

Experiments: Settings
real 3G

• three
connections, several months
◦ one has a 300kbps cap (cheaper contract)
◦ one is a new provider in Japan
• simple throughput test -- download a 0.5M file
◦ but huge files (up to 1Gb) for WiFi Direct)
• various combinations
◦ 3G only
◦ WiFi Direct only
◦ parallel connectivity

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

9 /22
9/22
.

.

3G Performance
ISP3

Color-filled area: +/- 1 sigma

ISP2

Holiday 1

•

1400
Throughput (kbps)

Throughput (kbps)

1400
1050
700
350
0

1050
700

•

350

5

10
Hour

15

20

0

5

10
Hour

15

20

•

Workday

Saturday

1050
700
350
0

1050
700

•

350
0

0

5

10
Hour

15

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

20

0

5

10
Hour

15

20

trends:
◦ matters which day
◦ time of day, morning rise and
fall, etc.

1400
Throughput (kbps)

1400

aggregation 1: week days,
1-day holidays (also
Sunday), and 3+ day
holidays plots
aggregation 2: hour of
day

0
0

Throughput (kbps)

ISP1

Holiday 3+

biggest lesson: under
1Mbps throughputs, much
lower in some cases!

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

10 /22
10/22
.

.

Standalone WiFi Direct
Other info

1m

10m
18

12

6

1m
10m

27

21.6

10m

WiFi Direct: Deterioration effect of distance (%)

24

Throughput ratio ( WiFi Direct / Bluetooth)

Avg. throughput (Mbps)

1m

32.4

30

Bluetooth

WiFi Direct

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

16.2

0
0

2

4
6
8
No. of files

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

10

0

2

4
6
8
No. of files

10

0

2

4
6
8
No. of files

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

10

11 /22
11/22
.

.

WiFi Direct + ( 3G | WiFi)
Gx: WiFi Direct and 3G for X files

G5

25

G10
Intranet throughput (Mbps)

Intranet throughput (Mbps)

25

20

G10
G5
15

G1

10

W5
5

G5

W1
W10
W10W5
W1

G1

0

25

15

10

W5

W1
W10
G1

0
0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21
Internet throughput (Mbps)

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Distance: 10m

G10

20

5

Wx: WiFi Direct and Tranditional WiFi for X files

Distance:1m

Intranet throughput (Mbps)

All data

20

G10
G5
15

G1

10

5

W10W5
W1

0
0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21
Internet throughput (Mbps)

0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21
Internet throughput (Mbps)

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

12 /22
12/22
.

.

VWU: Virtual Wireless User

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

13 /22
13/22
.

.

MultiConnect Paradigms (again)
.
(new) Parallel Multiconnect Definition
.

multi-source/dest multi-connectivity parallel

... is
communications
.
•
•
•

biggest change: single-source → multi-source
example A: distributed sync 07
example B: shared cloud storage -- multi-source means different files through
different users/peers/etc.

07 "OpenVSwitch project" http://openvswitch.org/ (2013)
M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

14 /22
14/22
.

.

VWU: Putting It All Together
•

VWU: Virtual Wireless User -- the main proposal

• put 30Mbps of WiFi Direct to practical use --

intranet

• pool internet connections of all users
• virtualization: appear as one user to whatever the service
◦ could even be internal (locally shared files)

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

15 /22
15/22
.

.

VWU: Visual Model
Service

Service
Provider

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Service
traffic

Application

Virtual
Wireless
User

Wireless
User

Wireless
User

Wireless
User

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

16 /22
16/22
.

.

VWU: Another Visual Model
• as long as application (internal) traffic is

larger than aggregate service traffic, VWU

works!

Service
Provider

Virtual
Virtual
Users

Real

Users

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

17 /22
17/22
.

.

VWU: The Realistic Model
best case, by interference

best case, by time of day, 3G only

25.5

70
60

Ratio (inter/intra, %)

Ratio (inter/intra, %)

80
25

50
40
30

...

20
10
0

20.4

5

10
15
Hour of day

0

20

...
1
0

10

15

Hour of day

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

20

10000

15000

20000

25000

worst case, by interference

14

cannot overwhelm the
VWU
• plots show performance

12

extremes for time
day and wireless

10
8

25

6
2

1
0

of

interference

...

4
0

5

5000

Intranet throughput (kbps)

Ratio (inter/intra, %)

Ratio (inter/intra, %)

25

• even 25-member groups

1

0

wost case, by time of day, 3G only
22.4
19.6
16.8
14
11.2
8.4
5.6
2.8
0

...

5.1

real

data -- presented above

25

10.2

1
0

• a model based on

15.3

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

Intranet throughput (kbps)

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

18 /22
18/22
.

.

That’s all, thank you ...

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

19 /22
19/22
.

.

ADD: VWU + DTN = multihop

• modern

DTN is fit for delay-constrained messages 10

• P2P streaming is one example where flows consist of small pieces
• VWU + DTN is currently

in development

10 A.Balasubramanian+2 "DTN Routing as a Resource Allocation Problem" SIGCOMM (2007)
M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

20 /22
20/22
.

.

ADD: Another Model (Floor-Sky)
The
cloud

The
cloud
ISP3

ISP3
ISP1

ISP1

ISP2

ISP2

Master
copy
Clone

User B

User B
User A

User A
User C

Virtual
User

Group
leader
User D

User D

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

21 /22
21/22
.

.

ADD: Implementation as Middleware
Applications
aaggsync
(Asymmetric Aggregation Sync)
Wi-Fi
Direct
M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Legacy
Wi-Fi

3G,
LTE

Land
Line

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

22 /22
22/22
.

.

[01] T.Hau+2 (2011)
Multihoming, Content Delivery Networks, and The Market for Internet Connectivity
Elsevier
[02] P.Schmidt+2 (2012)
A first look at multi-access connectivity for mobile networking
ACM CSWS
[03] Y.Chen+5 (2013)
A Measurement...of MultiPath TCP Performance over Wireless Networks
ACM SIGCOMM IMC
[04]

(2013)
MultiPath TCP: Linux Kernel Implementation
http://multipath-tcp.org

[05] K.Yap+6 (2012)
Making use of all the networks around us: a case study in android
ACM SIGCOMM CellNet
[06] A.Makela+2 (2012)
M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

22 /22
22/22
.

.

Comparison of load-balancing approaches for multipath connectivity
Elsevier
[07]

(2013)
OpenVSwitch project
http://openvswitch.org/

[08] E.Kohler+4 (2000)
The Click Modular Router
ACM TOCS
[09] A.Vasilakos+2 (2011)
Delay Tolerant Networks: Protocols and Applications
CRC Press
[10] A.Balasubramanian+2 (2007)
DTN Routing as a Resource Allocation Problem
SIGCOMM
[11] myself+0 (2013)
Multi-Source Stream Aggregation in the Cloud
M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

22 /22
22/22
.

.

Wiley Book
[12] myself+0 (2013)
Experiments on practical WLAN designs for digital classrooms
IEICE ComEx
[13] myself+0 (2013)
Experiments with application throughput in a browser with full HTML5 support
IEICE ComEx
[14] myself+0 (2013)
Experiences from Measuring Per-Packet Cost of Software Defined Networking
IEICE SC Techreport
[15]

(2010)
Wi-Fi Peer-to-Peer: Best Practical Guide
Wi-Fi Alliance

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b ---

22 /22
22/22

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Virtual Wireless User: A Practical Design for Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct in Group Communication

  • 2. . . Connectivity: Defaults and Paralliziation M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 2 /22 2/22
  • 3. . . The Reality of Connectivity LAN WiFi Direct 3G Wireless WINNER In presence of two connection possibilities, defaults to WINNER. The two connections can be JOIN used together ( joined ). M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- WLAN Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 3 /22 3/22
  • 4. . . WiFi Direct: What Is It? • a new standard for local wireless connectivity 15 no access point • direct wireless -◦ for printers, file transfer, etc. simplify auth • attempt to routines -- remember this party for future use? • technologically the standard is twofold Hotspot 2.0 Specification ◦ P2P WiFi 1.0 Specification ◦ • implemented by many smartphones and tablets, but not many notebooks • incredibly fast! --- compared to Bluetooth 4.0 or even traditional WiFi 15 "Wi-Fi Peer-to-Peer: Best Practical Guide" Wi-Fi Alliance (2010) M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 4 /22 4/22
  • 5. . . Proposal: Basic Form . The Basic Idea is... . ... to external connections -- hence the multiconnect -- of group members pool using WiFi Direct as a glue that makes the group appear at one person . • a kind of virtualization -- different from virtualization on a single device 05 • WiFi Direct is sufficiently fast to stand up to the challenge • practical in many kinds of 12 group communications -- classes, discussions, etc. 05 K.Yap+6 "Making use of all the networks around us: a case study in android" ACM SIGCOMM CellNet (2012) 12 myself+0 "Experiments on practical WLAN designs for digital classrooms" IEICE ComEx (2013) M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 5 /22 5/22
  • 6. . . MultiConnect Paradigms M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 6 /22 6/22
  • 7. . . MultiConnect Paradigms • MPTCP: MultiPath TCP ◦ there is a Linux kernel 04 ◦ well studied including wireless 03 • P2P streaming -- aggregation of content from multiple peers 11 ◦ a fundamental concept ◦ can be applied to clouds 11, browsers 13, etc. • good overview/taxonomy in 06 . Shared feature... . ... is that both are . single source multiple route paradigms 04 "MultiPath TCP: Linux Kernel Implementation" http://multipath-tcp.org (2013) 03 Y.Chen+5 "A Measurement...of MultiPath TCP Performance over Wireless Networks" ACM SIGCOMM IMC (2013) 11 myself+0 "Multi-Source Stream Aggregation in the Cloud" Wiley Book (2013) 11 myself+0 "Multi-Source Stream Aggregation in the Cloud" Wiley Book (2013) 13 myself+0 "Experiments with application throughput in a browser with full HTML5 support" IEICE ComEx (2013) 06 A.Makela+2 "Comparison of load-balancing approaches for multipath connectivity" Elsevier (2012) M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 7 /22 7/22
  • 8. . . Real Life Experiments M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 8 /22 8/22
  • 9. . . Experiments: Settings real 3G • three connections, several months ◦ one has a 300kbps cap (cheaper contract) ◦ one is a new provider in Japan • simple throughput test -- download a 0.5M file ◦ but huge files (up to 1Gb) for WiFi Direct) • various combinations ◦ 3G only ◦ WiFi Direct only ◦ parallel connectivity M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 9 /22 9/22
  • 10. . . 3G Performance ISP3 Color-filled area: +/- 1 sigma ISP2 Holiday 1 • 1400 Throughput (kbps) Throughput (kbps) 1400 1050 700 350 0 1050 700 • 350 5 10 Hour 15 20 0 5 10 Hour 15 20 • Workday Saturday 1050 700 350 0 1050 700 • 350 0 0 5 10 Hour 15 M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- 20 0 5 10 Hour 15 20 trends: ◦ matters which day ◦ time of day, morning rise and fall, etc. 1400 Throughput (kbps) 1400 aggregation 1: week days, 1-day holidays (also Sunday), and 3+ day holidays plots aggregation 2: hour of day 0 0 Throughput (kbps) ISP1 Holiday 3+ biggest lesson: under 1Mbps throughputs, much lower in some cases! Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 10 /22 10/22
  • 11. . . Standalone WiFi Direct Other info 1m 10m 18 12 6 1m 10m 27 21.6 10m WiFi Direct: Deterioration effect of distance (%) 24 Throughput ratio ( WiFi Direct / Bluetooth) Avg. throughput (Mbps) 1m 32.4 30 Bluetooth WiFi Direct 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 16.2 0 0 2 4 6 8 No. of files M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- 10 0 2 4 6 8 No. of files 10 0 2 4 6 8 No. of files Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 10 11 /22 11/22
  • 12. . . WiFi Direct + ( 3G | WiFi) Gx: WiFi Direct and 3G for X files G5 25 G10 Intranet throughput (Mbps) Intranet throughput (Mbps) 25 20 G10 G5 15 G1 10 W5 5 G5 W1 W10 W10W5 W1 G1 0 25 15 10 W5 W1 W10 G1 0 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21 Internet throughput (Mbps) M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Distance: 10m G10 20 5 Wx: WiFi Direct and Tranditional WiFi for X files Distance:1m Intranet throughput (Mbps) All data 20 G10 G5 15 G1 10 5 W10W5 W1 0 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21 Internet throughput (Mbps) 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21 Internet throughput (Mbps) Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 12 /22 12/22
  • 13. . . VWU: Virtual Wireless User M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 13 /22 13/22
  • 14. . . MultiConnect Paradigms (again) . (new) Parallel Multiconnect Definition . multi-source/dest multi-connectivity parallel ... is communications . • • • biggest change: single-source → multi-source example A: distributed sync 07 example B: shared cloud storage -- multi-source means different files through different users/peers/etc. 07 "OpenVSwitch project" http://openvswitch.org/ (2013) M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 14 /22 14/22
  • 15. . . VWU: Putting It All Together • VWU: Virtual Wireless User -- the main proposal • put 30Mbps of WiFi Direct to practical use -- intranet • pool internet connections of all users • virtualization: appear as one user to whatever the service ◦ could even be internal (locally shared files) M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 15 /22 15/22
  • 16. . . VWU: Visual Model Service Service Provider M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Service traffic Application Virtual Wireless User Wireless User Wireless User Wireless User Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 16 /22 16/22
  • 17. . . VWU: Another Visual Model • as long as application (internal) traffic is larger than aggregate service traffic, VWU works! Service Provider Virtual Virtual Users Real Users M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 17 /22 17/22
  • 18. . . VWU: The Realistic Model best case, by interference best case, by time of day, 3G only 25.5 70 60 Ratio (inter/intra, %) Ratio (inter/intra, %) 80 25 50 40 30 ... 20 10 0 20.4 5 10 15 Hour of day 0 20 ... 1 0 10 15 Hour of day M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- 20 10000 15000 20000 25000 worst case, by interference 14 cannot overwhelm the VWU • plots show performance 12 extremes for time day and wireless 10 8 25 6 2 1 0 of interference ... 4 0 5 5000 Intranet throughput (kbps) Ratio (inter/intra, %) Ratio (inter/intra, %) 25 • even 25-member groups 1 0 wost case, by time of day, 3G only 22.4 19.6 16.8 14 11.2 8.4 5.6 2.8 0 ... 5.1 real data -- presented above 25 10.2 1 0 • a model based on 15.3 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 Intranet throughput (kbps) Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 18 /22 18/22
  • 19. . . That’s all, thank you ... M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 19 /22 19/22
  • 20. . . ADD: VWU + DTN = multihop • modern DTN is fit for delay-constrained messages 10 • P2P streaming is one example where flows consist of small pieces • VWU + DTN is currently in development 10 A.Balasubramanian+2 "DTN Routing as a Resource Allocation Problem" SIGCOMM (2007) M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 20 /22 20/22
  • 21. . . ADD: Another Model (Floor-Sky) The cloud The cloud ISP3 ISP3 ISP1 ISP1 ISP2 ISP2 Master copy Clone User B User B User A User A User C Virtual User Group leader User D User D M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 21 /22 21/22
  • 22. . . ADD: Implementation as Middleware Applications aaggsync (Asymmetric Aggregation Sync) Wi-Fi Direct M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Legacy Wi-Fi 3G, LTE Land Line Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 22 /22 22/22
  • 23. . . [01] T.Hau+2 (2011) Multihoming, Content Delivery Networks, and The Market for Internet Connectivity Elsevier [02] P.Schmidt+2 (2012) A first look at multi-access connectivity for mobile networking ACM CSWS [03] Y.Chen+5 (2013) A Measurement...of MultiPath TCP Performance over Wireless Networks ACM SIGCOMM IMC [04] (2013) MultiPath TCP: Linux Kernel Implementation http://multipath-tcp.org [05] K.Yap+6 (2012) Making use of all the networks around us: a case study in android ACM SIGCOMM CellNet [06] A.Makela+2 (2012) M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 22 /22 22/22
  • 24. . . Comparison of load-balancing approaches for multipath connectivity Elsevier [07] (2013) OpenVSwitch project http://openvswitch.org/ [08] E.Kohler+4 (2000) The Click Modular Router ACM TOCS [09] A.Vasilakos+2 (2011) Delay Tolerant Networks: Protocols and Applications CRC Press [10] A.Balasubramanian+2 (2007) DTN Routing as a Resource Allocation Problem SIGCOMM [11] myself+0 (2013) Multi-Source Stream Aggregation in the Cloud M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 22 /22 22/22
  • 25. . . Wiley Book [12] myself+0 (2013) Experiments on practical WLAN designs for digital classrooms IEICE ComEx [13] myself+0 (2013) Experiments with application throughput in a browser with full HTML5 support IEICE ComEx [14] myself+0 (2013) Experiences from Measuring Per-Packet Cost of Software Defined Networking IEICE SC Techreport [15] (2010) Wi-Fi Peer-to-Peer: Best Practical Guide Wi-Fi Alliance M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 22 /22 22/22