introduce the basic shell command and some use Cases.

1. Shell Basic
@zhiyelee!
F2E!
https://github.com/zhiyelee

2. How to learn
• man man man !
• practice

3. dir/file manipulation
• mkdir / mkdir -p!
• rmdir / rmdir -p!
• rm -rf!
• cp -i!
• ln -s

4. cd

5. ls
• ls -- list directory contents!
• Options!
• -l,-a,-t!
• -Ut

6. ls

7. tree
• tree -- list files in tree-like format!
• Options!
• -a,-d,-f!
• -P,-I

8. tree

9. Display Files

10. cat
• cat - Concatenate Files!
• cat -n !
• cat -s

11. cat

12. cat multiple files

13. less & more
• less/more!
• less line move,more page move!
• does not read the entire input file before starting!
• less -N line-number!
• ls /etc | less

14. tail & head
• tail !
• tail -f!
• tail -5!
!
• head!
• head -5

15. wc
• wc -l

16. echo
• echo -e!
• echo -n

17. echo

18. Identifying Commands
• type - Display A Command's Type!
• type cd!
• type ll

19. type

20. Identifying Commands
• which - Display An Executable's Location!
• which ls!
• cat `which hlfile`

21. which

22. Redirction

23. Redirection
• stdin,stdout,stderr!
• 0 1 2!
• /dev/null!
• < > >>!
• Case!
• redirect error!
• redirect stdout and error to a file

24. 2>&1

25. Permissions

26. " chmod – Change a file's mode!
" umask – Set the default file permissions!
" su – Run a shell as another user!
" sudo – Execute a command as another user!
" chown – Change a file's owner

27. from《The Linux Command Line》William E. Shotts, Jr.

29. umask
• umask!
• the default permissions of created file!
• octal notation !
• express a mask of bits to be removed from a file's
mode attributes!
• common default value: 022 002

30. umask

31. umask 022
owner group other
original file mode
rw-
110
rw-
110
rw-
110
umask 000 010 010
mode of created file
rw-
110
r—
100
r—
100

32. umask 002
owner group other
original file mode
rw-
110
rw-
110
rw-
110
umask 000 000 010
mode of created file
rw-
110
rw-
110
r—
100

33. chmod
• chmod!
• change file mode(permissions)!
• usage!
• chmod 755 file!
• chmod ug+x file

34. chmod

35. Search

36. Grep
• Options!
• -v, -l,-L, -A, -B,n, -r/-R!
• Case!
• get templates contains `misc` cssfile!
• get templates not contain `footer.php`!
• contain `misc` but not `footer.php`

37. get templates contains `misc` cssfile

38. get templates not contain `footer.php`

39. contain `misc` but not `footer.php`

40. Grep

41. Find
• Options!
• -name, -perm, -delete,-regex!
• !!
• Case!
• find all .swp files!
• delete all .swp files!
• find not .png and jpg file

42. find and delete

43. Find

44. find perm

45. trap

46. Case Study
• deploywww!
• fetch all imgs of a cssfile!
• git pu

47. fetch all imgs of a css file

48. git pu

49. Reference
• 《The Linux Command Line》William E. Shotts, Jr.!
• 20130109 - 李志业 - Shell编程