1. Photosynthesis is the synthesis of glucose from CO2 and
water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.

2. The Basic Requirements of Photosynthesis
and Its General Reactions
Chlorophyll
Carbon dioxide
+ water
chlorophyll
sugar
oxygen

3. 6 CO6 CO22 + 6 H+ 6 H22O + light energy → CO + light energy → C66HH1212OO66 + 6 O+ 6 O22
Water is absorbed by roots and roots hair through osmosis
& then transported leaves through xylem vessels.

8. Parts of a Chloroplast
outer membrane
inner membrane
stroma
thylakoid
granum

12. Light Chloroplast
Light
reactions
Calvin
cycle
NADP+
ADP
+ P

15. 2 H+
+ 1
/2
Water-splitting
photosystem
Reaction-
center
chlorophyll
Light
Primary
electron
acceptor
Energy
to make
Electron transport chain
Primary
electron
acceptor
Primary
electron
acceptor
NADPH-producing
photosystem
Light
NADP+
1
2
3
PHOTOLYSISPHOTOLYSIS
Z - Scheme

16. Calvin Cycle

17. CO2
6C
3C
3C
5C
ATP
NADPH
Glucose
CALVIN
CYCLE

18. Products and substrates of Light and Dark reactions
Substrate Energy
source
Products Location
Light
reactions
H2O light NADPH
ATP
Thylakoids
Dark
reactions
CO2 NADPH
ATP
Carbo-
hydrates
Stroma
Relating the Light and Dark
Reactions

19. The light reaction
Sunlight is
absorbed in the
thylakoid membranes.
e-
High-energy
electron
are produced.
ADP
NADP+
Some e+ are passed to
NADPH+
converting
to NADPH.
ATP
NADPH
Dark reaction
CO2
H2O
glucose
NADP+
ADP