1. ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHIC & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES BPMS 2033
ABSTRACT
Assalamualaikum, in this report will be briefly explain about five journal that correlated
with the subject of Islamic Business Ethic and Social Responsibilities. This subject is important
because can enhance the preliminary knowledge about business ethic and Islamic moral and ethical.
Start from the preface will discuss the objective of the summarising the journal. There are several
objective will be given, so with the understanding and easy English usage the readers will not miss
the chances to read the entire report.
In content, we will discuss and summarizing five different topic of journal that still
correlated with the subject, first journal is The impact of knowledge sharing and Islamic work ethic
on innovation capability, second journal is The role of Islamic work ethics in developing
organizational citizenship behaviour at the Jordanian Press Foundations, third journal is an Islamic
ethical perspective, fourth and fifth are more about economic and its correlated. In conclusion we
will conclude the whole journal and the readers will understands the entire summarise. It will help
reader to gain more knowledge and to become more understand about the subject of business ethic.
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2. ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHIC & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES BPMS 2033
PREFACE
Islamic business ethic and social responsibilities is a complex topic, its discussing about
what ethical and characteristic (akhlak) in every human in this world. Every people has their own
attitude and every attitude describe each of their behaviour toward ethic. For example, person who
always throw rubbish everywhere showing their attitude of his/her self toward ethic, this mean he or
she is not ethical person. It is simple to judge everybody which is not ethical, but sometimes it is
difficult because in every country or culture, they have their own ethics.
Ethic is „considered as the moral standard by which people judge behaviour‟ (Deon, Leon.
2011). This mean every behaviour shows their own ethical. In every country or cultural, ethical are
different, some of cultural can be seen as unethical in other cultural and vice versa. ethical issue are
most publicized it western country because their don‟t have strong religion belief. They belief that
what are seen by their eyes, they will judge and sometimes follows the majority.But in Islam are
different, we have the strong grip which is Al-Quran and As-Sunah. Those Al-Quran and Sunah
explain a lot about akhlak and this is more important to discuss instead of ethical. Although,
recently, ethical is take place instead of akhlak issues.
Furthermore, in this journal report, we will discuss about ethical over the workplaces and
what its interrelated with the economy. As we know, there are a lot of ethical issue over the working
environment and what are the solution to overcome those problems. Most of the problem in ethical
issue in workplaces have much impact on working quality and also product quality, for example
workers with bad attitude and high level of absence will impact on poor quality work and poor
quality product, so more less this preface will make you brief understanding of what the entire
report would say.
For the conclusion, before we understand more on this journal after this, we need to
understand preliminary of ethic and why their use ethic to control human behaviour. It is not about
talking about bad or good, sometimes ethic is rules to make people live with better life. More fact
and issue will be presented in each of these journal later.
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3. ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHIC & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES BPMS 2033
JOURNAL 1
TOPIC : EUTHANASIA FROM AN ISLAMIC ETHICAL PERSPECTIVE
This journal explained about how people make the decision upon killing people for his/her
benefits. Killing people for his/ her benefits means that something problem happened to them and
the solution is to kill them so they are not suffer. This is called Euthanasia in Greek which mean
good death or easily death. The core problem is the face of many ethical issue, some said that this is
ethical and some said this is unethical because loss of some person‟s life.
An Islamic perspective has been adopted to analyse this problem so we are not make
misconception after getting the solution. The uses of Islamic perspectives is important because in
Islam, we are adhere to Al-Quran and Sunah, from those, we will get the answer because all the
natural science and the afterlife is in there. So, the sources that has been used is Al-Quran, fatwas
and also regulation and science articles. From the Al-Quran, there are several verse mention about
this matter for example, part 1 : a, “Do not take life, which Allah made sacred, other than in the
course of justice.”(Quran 17.33) b, “If anyone kills a person - unless it is for murder or spreading
mischief in the land- it would be as if he killed the whole people.”(Qur'an5:32) and part 2 “When
their time comes they cannot delay it for a single hour nor can they bring it forward by a single
hour.”(Qur‟an 16:61) b. “And no person can ever die except by Allah's leave and at an appointed
term.”(Quran 3.145). from this Quran verse, we can make an instant predict that killing of person
for his or her benefit are prohibited because all death and life is in hand of Allah.
Furthermore, second sources are from fatwas such as Saudi Arabia scholars, Sheikh Abdul
Aziz bin Abdullah bin Baz, Egyptian scholar Sheikh Yusuf al- Qaradawi and Dr Muzzami Siddiqi
from north American. They has issued a similar response from this matter, they said, killing the
person life is un-Islamic, this is because it was against the sharia to decide the death of the person
before its actually death and all mufti has agreed that Euthanasia is haram. Third sources is using a
medical regulation and law, doctors are advices to not violate the rule because once any person
death, the life cannot be restored. This is because, in Islam, live given by Allah are priceless. Even
the guardian of the person asking for killing it is prohibited.
As a conclusion, we took the al-Quran as our guidance to not recognizes person‟s right die
voluntarily. The guide that we can uses is first euthanasia is not allowed in Islam because the life is
sacred and second Allah decide of how long we will die, when and where based on the two verse
mention above.
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4. ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHIC & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES BPMS 2033
JOURNAL 2
TOPIC : THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC WORK ETHICS IN DEVELOPING ORGANIZATIONAL
CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AT THE JORDANIAN PRESS FOUNDATIONS
The purpose of this journal is to adopted the Islamic work ethic in press organization and
after the adoption, it seems one of the important element to change is the working ethic. Work ethic
„ is a set of moral principle on the behaviour of individual within the organization‟ ( Thompson,
1985). This mean any of organization of the company need to have at least one code of ethic to
control every individual in the company. For example dress code that has been used in UUM is the
set of moral principle in that University to control the dress code of students when they go to the
class. In analysing work ethic, we must understand that working ethic lead to the efficient work.
This is important for Jordanian press to understand about work ethic because if they not do so, their
working are inefficiency .
The problemsstatement raised is the role of Islamic work ethic in enhancing organization
citizenship at Jordanian press foundation and the purposes of the study is to identify the Islamic
work ethic on organization citizenship behaviour in Jordanian press Foundation. A several
recommendation found after the study, the first recommendation lie on press established should
observe fairness and justice in their dealing with the employees and customers. The study also
suggesting a complaint box to make sure any of complaint are reach to the top for further action and
the last recommendation is by using the more technologies in administrative and technical method
lead to the more efficient and workers do they work properly.
The recommendation are based on the level of the commitment of the work ethic, after the
experimental, it is shows that level of their commitment are very high, this acknowledged that their
level of responsibilities in working are very high and the efficient come with second. Based on this
answer, the recommendation that mention above needed to improve the efficient of the
organization.
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5. ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHIC & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES BPMS 2033
JOURNAL 3
TOPIC : THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE SHARING AND ISLAMIC WORK ETHIC ON
INNOVATION CAPABILITY
The purpose of this journal is to identify the knowledge sharing and also the uses of Islamic
working ethic in the relationship between knowledge sharing and also innovation capabilities in
government sector. The problem of this journal is to finding the scholar who agreed that innovation
is the tools to improve public sector organization. The problem raised because lack of competitive
not like a business organization that need a competitive skills to improve innovation. „The
bureaucratic administrative structures and monopoly nature of the public sector
organizationsperhaps drive their employees chiefly as an official governmental agent delivering
official state purpose, rather than a service to the customers as in the business organizations
(Bendell et al., 1994). What Bendell and his friends told was true, some government lack of skill to
handle with customers, sometimes there are boring with no job rotation and just specific to one job
only.
Malaysia has been chosen as the experimental places for scholar to investigate the factor of
contributing to knowledge sharing and combined the effect of Islamic work ethic in innovation
capabilities. This is because Malaysia is an ideal places because of multiracial and they live with
harmonic cultural. In this study, they found that high potential of new research and a new research
to improve the innovation capability in public sector. The another thing is to study of knowledge
sharing enablers to make sure of exchanging experience, data and idea is happen in developing a
knowledge for innovation in workplace.
Ethic is important as a mirrored to what Muslims behaviour on life and ethical practises at
the workplaces should be natural behaviour because this is one of the important things of Islam.
Person with no ethical has low self- awareness and often guilty in the workplaces. This is
exacerbated by various of world problem of terrorist that always blame Islam. In Al-Quran shows
that various verse the substance of knowledge for work, behaviour and human development. In
Malaysia found that there has more substantial need to examine the join effect of knowledge
sharing and Islamic Work Ethic on innovation capabilities because Malaysia is among the country
with majority of Muslims.
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6. ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHIC & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES BPMS 2033
JOURNAL 4
TOPIC : DIVERGENCE BETWEEN ASPIRATIONS AND REALITIES OF ISLAMIC
ECONOMICS: A POLITICAL ECONOMY APPROACH TO BRIDGING THE DIVIDE.
The Islamic ways is important because Islam taught both ways of ethical and also the social
economy development. The most important part of the development is the Islamic Banking and
Finance, as we know, Islamic banking, Islamic Insurance and also Finance has become important
nowadays because many of the people aware of the objective and also fairness. But in this study set
a piecemeal solution and will not be able to provide a solution for development needs of Muslims
in huge communities and also societies.
The economic discipline of Islam depend on the philosophical foundation derived from
Islam which has been differentiate between secular and also materialistic based on capitals and
socialism thus contrast sharply with the Islamic Ethic.Islamic economists have always devoted most
of their energies to enumerating and elucidating these axioms in an attempt to distinguish the aims
and justifications of Islamic economics as a valid alternative. This has been reinforce by the
Mohammed Baqir al-Sadr (1961) and Syed Abul Acla Mawdudi in numerous works (1946; 1970;
1960a; 1960b) that said over-arching principles of Islam apply to all aspects of life, and economics
is no exception to this. By this mean, economy is important not just provide a comfortable life but
also as an area of important to Islam religious.
Broad issue of economic in ethical issue is the concept of interest-free banking and finance
has been criticized on the grounds that it is economically not feasible. Issues of efficiency and cost
are used to highlight how such an approach leads to products being more costly. But in real world
of Islamic, ethics of care is an essential element of the presented political economy, as part of the
value system of the Islamic political economy. The using of ethic in economic is to mention the
core of good and bad thing. Soon people will aware that Islamic economic is the solution to the
broad problem in conventional and capitalist economic.
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7. ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHIC & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES BPMS 2033
JOURNAL 5
TOPIC : CONCEPT, PRINCIPLES AND MANAGEMENT FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
The basic thingin the development ofan Islamic economicsystemis concernedthe welfare of
humanity. This is consistentwiththeverybasicobjectivesin terms ofIslamic law(Sharia), which
concern the welfare ofthe peopleandhardenthose experiencinghardship. Economic developmentmust
be consistentwith the primary objectiveoftheShari „ahanddoes not far
awayfromusingIslamicworkethicsapproach. Fundamentaltothe process of developmentin
Islamdepends onhumansaseconomic agents, and people should beeducated on theentire
development processtointegratesocialdevelopment, economic development, andenvironmental
conservation andprotection.
In general, the concept of sustainable developmentrefers to theeconomicand sustainable
development, which meets the needs ofthe present generation withoutcompromising the ability
offuture generations tomeet their own needs. In addition,in developingsustainable economic
developmenton the principles ofIslam givesprotection whereno one is allowedendangeringother
peopleandno one isallowed toharm tothe environmental. This is correlated with the working ethic
and social responsibilities where every company or organization are needed to at least help to
prevent nature from pollution and support what government do to make environment clean from
any pollution.
Sustainable economic developmentshould behandled wellso thatobjectivescan be achieved.
Islamprovidesguidanceanda unique perspectiveon how to managethe
efficienteconomicdevelopment. Itisimportantforany countryto take partin decision-makingand the
implementation oftheeconomicdevelopmentprogram.sustainable economic developmentshould be
carried outin a way thatwill benefit thecurrent generationwithoutdenying the rights offuture
generations.Islamhas established guidelinesforsustainable developmentthat meetsboththe material
aspects oflifeandwelfare ofthe community.Therefore,the process ofeconomic
developmentshouldadhereto the principles ofIslam
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8. ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHIC & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES BPMS 2033
CONCLUSION
This five journal more less briefly summarizing about the code of ethic and social
responsibilities in the life and also working environment. From the first journal, the important to
know is sometimes different cultural and also country has their own thinking about ethical, for
example the euthanasia for the western country is not be a major problem, but when it turn on Islam
ways, Allah has pointed out that in Al-Quran „‟When their time comes they cannot delay it for a
single hour nor can they bring it forward by a single hour.”(Qur‟an 16:61). This is different ethic
shows us that in different region, the ethic is different.
Second journal briefly about the role of Islamic work ethics in developing organizational
citizenship behaviour at the Jordanian press foundations, this shows us the significant level of
workers who work in high commitment based on their ethic. Third journal briefly about the impact
of knowledge sharing and Islamic work ethic on innovation capability. Knowledge sharing is
important for each organization to implement the social responsibilities and uses the Islamic Work
Ethic to making work more efficient. Fourth journal tells us about divergence between aspirations
and realities of Islamic economics: a political economy approach to bridging the divide and fifth
journal is concept, principles and management from Islamic perspective that more briefly about the
social responsibilities and how to gain the sustainable economic.
As the conclusion, we already know, in broad area of studies, code of ethic and social
responsibilities play major roles in human development, organization and public government. Every
single organization or government uses the ethical code or Islamic work of ethic to make their
workers work with comfort condition and the quality of the product or service will be more
efficient.
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9. ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHIC & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES BPMS 2033
REFERENCES
Journal
Aramesh. K., Shadi. H. ( 2007) Euthanasia: An Islamic Ethical Perspective. (Suppl. 5): 35-38
Khaled M.K. Alhyasat. (2012),"The role of Islamic work ethics in developing organizational
citizenship behavior at the Jordanian Press Foundations", Journal of Islamic Marketing, Vol. 3 Iss: 2
pp. 139 – 154
Naresh Kumar, RaduanChe Rose, (2012)."The impact of knowledge sharing and Islamic work ethic
on innovation capability", Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, Vol. 19 Iss: 2 pp.
142 – 165
Nazim Zaman, Mehmet Asutay. ( 2009) . Divergence Between Aspirations and Realities of Islamic
Economics: a political economy approach to bridging the divide. Journal of Economics and
Management 17, no. 1 (2009): 73-96
Patmawati Ibrahim, Siti Arni Basir, &AsmakAb Rahman. (2011). Sustainable economic
development: concept, principles and management from Islamic perspectives. (Volume 24, No. 3,
pp. 330-338). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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