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The Farm as Farmacy & Pantry
NOFA-MASS
Aug. 2012
©Jerry Brunetti
American Health & Vitality
• Ranked #24 in Healthy Life Expectancy
• Ranked #8 in Women’s Life Expectancy
• Ranked #15 in Men’s Life Expectancy
• Ranked #20 in Infant Mortality
The Dark Side of the
All-American Meal
1970: $6 Billion
2000: $110 Billion
More than autos,
computers and college
education
Fast Food Nation
• Americans Eat 1/5 of Their Meals in Cars
• Americans Feed 1/3 of Their Children Daily in Fast
Food Restaurants
• N.I.H. Diabetes Forecasts on Children Born 2000-
“The Class of 2018”
– 35% Caucasian
– 40% African-American
– 52% Hispanic
• 2008- 25 Million Diabetics
• 2050- 50 Million Diabetics
• 2000- 60-75 Million “Syndrome X”
Will Contract Type II Diabetes
(A.K.A. Adult Onset Diabetes)
THE AGE OF DIABETES *
• 23.6 million (7.8% U.S. population)
• 5.7 million Undiagnosed
• 57 million have “pre-diabetes” (Syndrome X)
• 1.6 million New Cases Yearly
*www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2007.pdf
*Diabetes Care, 32 (2009): 513-561. PMID 19118286
American’s Empty Hunger
2001
• 60% Americans Overweight
• 20% Americans Obese
2020
• 75% Americans Overweight
• 40% Americans Obese
Heart-Healthy “Experts’” Dietary
Recommendations
Since 1980….
• Grain Consumption Increased 60 lbs per capita
• HFCS Consumption Increased 30 lbs per capita
– 10% of American Adult Calories
– 20% of American Children Calories
• 1910 American Consumed 10 lbs Vegetable Oil/Year
• 2010 American Consumed 75 lbs Vegetable Oil/Year
• 1946 Americans Consumed 10.5 gallons Soda/Year
• 2010 Americans Consumed 57.5 gallons Soda/Year
Breakfast of Champions
Kids Cereal Serving
Size
(grams)
Sugar
(grams)
%
Sugar
Protein
(grams)
Fiber
(grams)
Cap’n Crunch 27 12 44% 1 1
Froot Loops 30 13 43% 1 1
Trix 32 13 40% 1 1
Cocoa Puffs 27 12 44% 1 1
Lucky Charms 27 11 40% 2 1
Frosted Flakes 30 11 36% 1 1
$10-12 Billion/Year Advertising to Children (Institute of Medicine)
March 24, 2004
“That which is
lacking in the
Present World is
a profound
knowledge of
the Nature of
Things.”
Frithjot Schuon
Diagnosis = 41% of all Americans
Mortality = 20% of all Americans
More People Make
Their Living From
the Cancer Industry
than Die From
Cancer
Annual Cost of Treating
Cancer
Estimated $150 billion
• 99% of Research Funds
Primary Tumors, Not Metastatic
Illness
1.3 Million Annual Diagnosis/600,000 Annual Deaths
The War on Cancer
By Guy B. Faguet
U.S. Spent Over
$200 Billion on
Cancer Research
since 1971
INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES
(Vioxx or Celebrex??!!)
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-a)
• Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1b)
• Interleukin 6 (IL-6)
• Interleukin 8 (IL-8)
• Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-kB)
INFLAMMATORY EICOSANOIDS & ENZYMES
Linoleic Acid (LA)
Gamma Linoleic Acid (GLA)
Di-homo Gamma Linoleic Acid (DGLA)
Good
Eicosanoids,
PGA1, PGA2,
15-Hetri E
Delta – 6 Desaturase
Elongase
Oxidized Arachidonic AcidLOX
COX-1 / COX-2
Leukotrines (LTB-4)
Hydroxylated FACS
5-Hete
Delta-5 DesaturaseHealthy A.A
5-Lipoxygenase
Inflammation Tissue Destruction
Thromboxane
Abnormal Platelet Aggregation
“Seal the Wound”
Prostaglandin E-2
Inflammation &
Tissue Destruction
Damaged PUFA’s
Insulin
Infection
Injury
American Diet
15-25 (LA):1 (ALA)Omega 6
(Linoleic Acid)
Omega 3
(Alpha Linolenic Acid)
Desaturase
Elongase
Desaturase
ArA
EPA (5% of ALA)
E/E/D/B-ox
DHA (1% of ALA)
INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES
(Vioxx or Celebrex??!!)
• Result of Excessive Insulin (Sugar!)
• Result of Excessive Omega 6’s (Grain)
• Result of Deficiency of Omega 3’s
ANALYSIS OF ARTERIAL
PLAQUE FAT
•25% fat is saturated
•75% fat is polyunsaturated
•Heart attack incidence in 1900 was a fraction of 2002
but blood cholesterol has remained constant
National Institute of Health
• Mr. Fit Trial (1982)
• Lipid Research Clinic Trial (1984)
No Association Between Fat and Heart Disease!
Steinberg D . “Thematic Review Series: The Pathogenesis of
Atherosclerosis, An Interpretive History of the Cholesterol
Controversy: Part II: The Early Evidence Linking
Hypocholesterolemia to Coronary Disease in Humans” J Lipid Res
46:2 (2005) 179-190
The Framingham Heart Study
Reviews of 26 Years
• 80% of Heart Attack Patients Had Similar
LDL Levels of Those Who Did Not Have
Heart Attacks
• 2X as Many Individuals with Lifetime Total
Cholesterol of <200 mg/dl had Heart
Disease Compared to Those with Total
Cholesterol of >300 mg/dl
Castelli, W.P. et. al. “HDL Cholesterol and Other Lipids in Coronary Heart
Disease. The Cooperative Lipoprotein Phenotyping Study” Circulation 55
(1977): 767-772
The Caloric Myth: A Calorie is a Calorie
Fat: 400 Calories
Protein: 800 Calories
Total: 1200 Calories
Carbohydrates: 400 Calories
Protein: 800 Calories
Total: 1200 Calories
50% to lose 40 lbs
@ 1-5 lbs/week
1% to lose 40 lbs
@ 1-5lbs/week
Glycemic Index Versus Glycemic Load
Source Volume
Glycemic
Index
Glycemic
Load
Pasta 1 cup 59 3,068
Apple 1 cup 54 972
Broccoli 1 cup 50 150
From: The New Glucose Revolution by Jenna Brand-Miller,
Thomas Wolever, Kaye Foster-Powell and Stephen Colaqiuri
(Marlowe & Co., 2002)
Percentage of Essential Fatty Acids in
Human Body Fat
(1991-1992)
Society %
Omega–6
%
Omega-3
Ratio
New Zealand Maori 2.6 0.93 2.8:1
Japanese 14.8 3.2 4.6:1
American 10.2 0.58 17.6:1
(Source: Erasmus, 1993)
PEANUTS LA: ALA
(5000:1)
LA: 15,600 mg/ 100 gms
ALA 3 mg/ 100 gms
WALNUTS LA: ALA
(1:2.4)
LA: 3,800 mg/ 100 gms
ALA: 9,080 mg/ 100 gms
WILD SALMON
EPA: 419 mg/ 100 gms
DHA: 586 mg/ 100 gms
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Food Chain in the United States. American Journal of Clinical
Nutrition 71: 179-885. Kris Etherton PM, Taylor DS, Yu-Poth S, et. al. 2000
Linoleic Acid
Omega 6 A.A. Prostacyclin
Omega 6 PGE1 (Anti-Inflammatory)
Omega 6 PGE2 (Inflammatory)
Omega 6 GLA (Gamma-Linolenic Acid)
Omega 6 CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acid)
Omega 3 PGE3 (Anti-Inflammatory)
Omega 3 EPA/DHA
Arachidonic acid Anti-aggregate
DHA
The Longest & Most Unsaturated Omega 3
• Most Concentrated in Brain/Eyes
• Second most concentrated in Sperm
• Third most concentrated in heart muscle
BIG PHARMA’S
Anti-Health Campaign
“More Omega-3 Fats Didn’t Aid Heart
Patients” (N Engl. J Med 29 Aug 2010)
• 4800 men/women history of heart attacks
• 40 months on margarine-enriched with
EPA/DHA/ALA
• Margarine considered “placebo”
• Funded by Unilever, et. al.
Country Rate Fat in the Diet
Japan 34 Low fat, high fish consumption
France 58.6 High fat, high butter consumption
Italy 94.7 High fat, high olive oil consumption
United States 170
High fat, low fish, butter & olive oil
consumption
Heart Attacks Per 100,000 People
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1996
CHOLESTEROL & DIET
Masai Meat, animal fat, milk, butter 140 mg/100 gms
Trappist Monk Vegetarian, eggs, milk 190 mg/100 gms
Thai Unpolished rice, fish, vegetables 140 mg/100 gms
Japanese Polished rice, fish, vegetables 165 mg/100 gms
American
60% calories from sugar, saturated fat 270 mg/100 gms
Reduce to low fat, unsaturated 232 mg/100 gms
Vilhjalmur Stefannson
(80% calories=saturated fat)
18 months all meat diet 192 mg/100 gms
Comparison of Sexagenarians’ Diets
CHOLESTEROL’S VITAL IMPORTANCE
• Necessary to synthesize Vitamin D (needed
for mineral absorption, insulin production,
healthy nerves)
• Synthesis of bile salts
• Production of hormones (anti-stress & sex
hormones)
• Cell membrane elasticity & strength
• Anti-oxidant
• Necessary for brain & nerve development
• Serotonin availability to brain
Government officials and
doctors fear that Inuit will
switch to imported
processed foods loaded
with carbohydrates and
sugar, risking
malnourishment,
vitamin deficiencies, heart
disease, diabetes and
obesity. “The level of
contamination is
very high in Greenland,
but there’s a lot of
Western food that is worse
than the poisons,”
In some respects, the
marine diet has made the
Inuit among the world’s
healthiest people.
Beluga whale meat has
10 times the iron of beef,
twice the protein and five
times the Vitamin A.
Omega 3 fatty acids in
the seafood protect the
Inuit from heart disease
and diabetes. Seventy-
year-old Inuit men have
coronary arteries as
elastic as those of 20-
year-old Danes, said
Dr. Gert Mulvad of the
Primary Health Care
Clinic in Nuuk.
LOS ANGELES TIMES
JANUARY 13, 2004
Alpha Linolenic Acid (Parent Omega 3)
•Most abundant Fatty Acid on Earth
•The cell membrane of the chloroplast
Distribution of Plant Lipids
Leaves: Omega 3 Omega 6
Seeds: Omega 6 Omega 3
Storage Fat
Less Oxidizable
Desaturase enzyme
Cell Membrane
of chloroplast for
photosynthesis
Desaturase enzyme
Nutrition and Physical
Degeneration
6th
Edition
Weston A. Price, D.D.S.
With forewords to previous editions by
Earnest A. Hooten, Professor of Anthropology,
Harvard University,
Granville F. Knight, M.D.
and Abram Hoffer, M.D., Ph.D.
Nutrients in Traditional Diets
Compared to 20th Century Western Diets (Numbers
Represent Percentage Greater in Traditional Diets)
Calcium Phosphorous Magnesium Iron Fat-Soluble
Vitamins
Eskimo 540% 500% 790% 150% 1,000+%
Swiss 370 220 250 310 1,000+
Gaelics 210 230 130 100 1,000+
Australian
Aborigine
460 620 170 5,060 1,000+
New Zealand
Maori
620 690 2,340 5,830 1,000+
Melanesians 570 640 2,640 2,240 1,000+
Polynesians 560 720 2,850 1,860 1,000+
Peruvian Indians 660 550 1,360 510 1,000+
African (cattle
raising)
750 820 1,910 1,660 1,000+
Africans
(agricultural)
350 410 540 1,660 1,000+
(Source: Price, 1938)
Cancer Inversely Related to
Decrease in Diversity
• iKung Bushman (Kalahari Desert) 75(+) plants in
their diet: Cancer virtually unknown
• Hunter-Gatherers (before Agriculture) ate
between 10,000-80,000 Foods Seasonally
• 1900 America Diet
– 100 types of apples
– 50 types of vegetables
– 30 types of meat
• 2006 American Diet
– 5-10 plants
CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID
THE CANCER
FIGHTING,
WEIGHT LOSS
FATTY ACID
CLA RESEARCH
•First Discovered by
Australian Lipid
Biochemist Dr. Peter
Parodi in Early 1980’s
•Continued Research at
University of Wisconsin
by Biochemist Michael
Pariza et. al.
CANCER & CLA
•1996 Study of 4,697
Women: The More Whole
Fat Milk in the Diet (More
CLA) = Lower Risk of
Breast Cancer. Women
Drinking the Most Milk
Had a 60% Lower Risk of
Breast Cancer
•Rats Fed 1.5% of
Calories as CLA = Tumor
Size Reduced 60%
•Dr. Tikal Dhiman at Utah
State University: One Can
Lower Cancer Risk by
Consuming Daily, One
Ounce of Cheese, One
Serving of Grassfed Meat
& One Glass of Whole
Milk From Pastured
Cattle.
WEIGHT LOSS & CLA
THREE MONTH STUDY: 20
INACTIVE MEN & WOMEN
•Treated Group (3 Grams
CLA/Day vs. Control
(Placebo)
•CLA Group Lost 5 Pounds
& 15-20% Drop in Body Fat
(Lipoprotein Lipase Enzyme
Blocked by CLA)
MUSCLE GAIN & CLA
•CLA Group of Men Could
Bench Press 30 Pounds More
in 28 Days
•Control (Placebo) Group
Improved by 9 Pounds
•Enhances Hormone
Sensitive Lipase to Break
Down Fat Already Deposited
in Cells
GRASSFED MEAT & MILK HAS 4-5
TIMES MORE CLA THAN GRAIN FED
MEAT: T. DHIMAN PhD, 1996.
Botanical Composition of Pastures
Grass
Average
Legume
Average
Compositae
Average
Rosacea
Average
Plantiagnace
Average
Lowlands 52.5% 47.5% 0% 0% 0%
Mountains 63.7% 7.3% 3.1% 2.5% 2.45%
Highlands 40.20% 9.2% 15.6% 5.6% 5.3%
Grams Fatty Acids/100g Fat
Lowlands Mountains Highlands
CLA C18:2c9t11 0.81 1.50 2.18
∑ CLA 0.87 1.61 2.36
C18:1t10(+)t11 2.11 3.66 5.10
∑ Trans Fatty Acids 4.55 6.44 8.44
Conjugated and trans fatty acids in summer milk fat from lowlands, mountains and
highlands (g. fatty acids/100g fat)
Swiss Federal Research Station, Liebefeld, Berne, Switz. 12/8/2000
Omega Egg
60 g – large egg
Standard Egg
60 g – large egg
Calories 75.0 75.0
Protein 6 grams 6 grams
Carbohydrate .6 grams .6 grams
Total Fat 6.0 grams 6.0 grams
Saturated Fat 1.5 grams 2.2 grams
Polyunsaturated Fat 1.35 grams .90 grams
n-6 Fatty Acids 750 mg 800 mg
n-3 Fatty Acids 350 mg 60 mg
C18:3 250 mg 40 mg
C22:6 DHA 100 mg 20 mg
n-6:n-3 Ratio 2.6 13.0
Monounsaturated Fats 2.8 grams 2.4 grams
Cholesterol 180 mg 210 mg
Vitamin A 660 i.u. 470 i.u.
NUTRITIVE VALUE OF
OMEGA EGGS
COMPARED TO
STANDARD
EGGS
Lutein
Carotene
Vitamin E
Cysteine
Choline
?
Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone)
• Pre-cursor to activator ‘X’ (K2)
• Found in chloroplast
• Bridge between chlorophyll and iron-sulfur
centers
Vitamin K2 (Price’s Activator ‘X’)
Menaquinone
• Converted from K1 by animal tissue
• Butter fat
• Animal fat
• Animal organs
• From livestock on rapidly growing green grass
• Highest percentage from mineralized soils (varied 50 fold
over 20,000 butter samples)
Bones & Teeth
Growth
Vitamin A Vitamin D
Matrix Gla Protein
Activated Matrix Gla Protein
Deposition of Minerals
Keeps soft tissues from calcifying
Vitamin A Vitamin D
Osteocalcin
Activated Osteocalcin
Organization of Minerals
Bone Mineralization
Vitamin K2
Osteoblast
Vitamin K2
Epigenetics
Modifies the Read-Out of Genes without
Changing DNA
Epigenetics & The Agouti Mice
“Molecular and Cellular Biology” August 1, 2003
•Agouti Mice: Yellow Coats, Extremely Obese
•Predisposed to Diabetes, Heart Disease, Cancer
The Agouti Mice Test Group
• Supplemental with Methyl-Group Rich
Supplements
– Folic Acid, Vitamin B-12, Betaine, Choline
• Methylating the DNA Can Modify or
Silence Gene Activity
• Pregnant Mothers Produced Standard, Lean,
Brown Offspring
• Medical (Cancer) Postscript: Only 5% of
Cancer Incidence is Related to Heredity
Discover Magazine 11/2006 Volume 27; No. 11
Agouti Mice
The Necessity of Saturated Fat
• Cell membranes: 50% of Fats in cell
membranes must be saturated for proper
functioning
• Lung function (palmitic acid= 68% Lung
Surfactant)
• Kidney function
• Brain & Nervous System
• Immune System
• Anti-Infective
• Heart/Cardio-Vascular Health
• Vitamin/Nutrient Carrier: A, D, CLA
Flavor (and Medicine) is in Fat
• Aromatics (Secondary Plant Metabolites)
are Fat Soluble
• Wild Animals: 30% PUFA’s
• Domesticated Animals: 2% PUFA’s
Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defense
• Grazing Animals (tannins,
essential oils, alkaloids)
• Ultra Violet Radiation
• Bacteria, Fungi, Virus
• Defense Against Competing
Plants (walnuts)
• Vulnerable Fruits & Younger
Tissue are higher in PSM’s
Organic Milk’s Grass Pigments
(Danish Institute of Agricultural Research)
• 50% More Vitamin E
• 75% More Beta Carotene
• 200-300% More Lutein & Zeaxanthine
• 15 Million Americans have Macular
Degeneration: 10X Increase in 30 Years (Dr.
Paul Beaumont- Macular Degeneration
Foundation
1.022
0.884
0.689
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
Prairie Creek High Forage Organic Steer Stuffer
Total CLA
Total CLA
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Prairie Creek High Forage Organic Steer Stuffer
Omega 3 to Omega 6 Ratio
Omega 3 to Omega 6 Ratio
2.401
1.585
1.647
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
Prairie Creek High Forage Organic Steer Stuffer
Total Trace Elements in ppmTotal Trace Elements (ppm)
323
93
180
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Prairie Creek High Forage Organic Steer Stuffer
Strontium (ppb)Strontium (ppb)
William Albrecht PhD.
• Head of Agronomy at the University of
Missouri
• Inspiration for Brookside Labs
• Author of The Albrecht Papers Vol. 1-13.
Apatite Soils
Industrialized Agricultural =
Empty Harvest
• Highly soluble acidulated fertilizers leach
nutrients from the soil
• Unprecedented Erosion of Thousands of
Years Worth of Topsoil
• Nutrients become “complexed” and thus
unavailable
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
1914 1948 1963 1997
Year
(mg.)
Average mineral content in selected vegetables, 1914-1997. Sums
of averages of calcium, magnesium and iron in cabbage, lettuce,
tomatoes and spinach. (Sources: Lindlahr, 1914; Hamaker, 1982;
and U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1963 and 1997)
Disappearing Trace Elements in Food, 1948-1992 (Per 100 Grams of Food)
1948 1948 1992 % Difference Between
(Highest) (Lowest) (Average) 1948 Low &1992 Ave
Snap Beans
iron 22.7 mg. 1.0 mg. 1.04 mg. 0
manganese 6.0 mg. 0.2 mg. 0.214 mg. 0
copper 6.9 mg. 0.3 mg. 0.069 mg. -77%
Cabbage
iron 9.4 mg. 2.0 mg. 0.59 mg. -70%
manganese 6.0 mg. 0.2 mg. 0.159 mg. -20%
copper 4.80 mg. 0.04 mg. 0.023 mg. -42%
Lettuce
iron 193.8 mg. 0.9 mg. 0.5 mg. -44%
manganese 9.4 mg. 0.2 mg. 0.151 mg. -25%
copper 5.3 mg. 0.3 mg. 0.028 mg. -90%
Tomatoes
iron 158.4 mg. 0.1 mg. 0.45 mg. +350
manganese 51.6 mg. 2.0 mg. 0.105 mg. -94%
copper 3.2 mg. 0 0.074 mg. 0
Spinach
iron 22.7 mg. 1.9 mg. 2.71 mg. +142%
manganese 6.0 mg. 0.9 mg. 0.097 mg. -89%
copper 6.9 mg. 0.5 mg. 0.13 mg. -74%
Changes in the Mineral Content of Grains, 1963-1992 (Per 100 Grams)
1963 1992 % Change
Wheat, red winter, hard
calcium 46 mg. 29 mg. -36.96
phosphorus 354 mg. 288 mg. -18.64
iron 3.40 mg. 3.19 mg. -6.18
potassium 3.70 mg. 363 mg. -1.89
magnesium 160 mg. 126 mg. -21.25
Oats, rolled
calcium 53 mg. 52 mg. -1.89
phosphorus 405 mg. 474 mg. +17.04
iron 4.5 mg. 4.2 mg. -6.67
potassium 352 mg. 350 mg. -0.57
magnesium 169 mg. 148 mg. -12.43
Buckwheat
calcium 114 mg. 18 mg. -84.21
phosphorus 282 mg. 347 mg. +23.05
iron 3.1 mg. 2.2 mg. -29.03
potassium 448 mg. 460 mg. +02.68
magnesium 229 mg. 231 mg. +00.87
White rice
calcium 24 mg. 9 mg. -62.50
phosphorus 94 mg. 108 mg. +14.89
iron 0.8 mg. .08 mg. 0.00
potassium 92 mg. 86 mg. -6.52
magnesium 28 mg. 35 mg. +25.00
Changes in Nutrient Content of Beef and Chicken, 1963-1992 (Per 100 Grams)
1963 1992 % Change
Beef, ground
calcium 10 mg 8 mg -20.00
iron 2.70 mg 1.73 mg -35.93
magnesium 17 mg 16 mg -5.88
phosphorus 156 mg 130 mg -16.67
potassium 236 mg 228 mg -3.39
vitamin A 40 IU 0.00 -100.00
thiamine 0.80 mg 0.03 mg -52.50
riboflavin 0.16 mg 0.151 mg -5.63
niacin 4.30 mg 4.48 mg +4.19
Chicken
calcium 12 mg 10 mg -16.67
iron 203 mg 198 mg -2.46
magnesium 1.30 mg 1.03 mg -20.77
phosphorus 285 mg 238 mg -16.49
potassium 23 mg 23 mg 0.00
vitamin A 150 IU 45 IU -70.00
thiamine 0.10 mg 0.069 mg -31.00
riboflavin 0.12 mg 0.134 mg +11.67
niacin 7.70 mg 7.87 mg +2.21
Mean Percent Additional Mineral Content in Organic Compared to Conventional Crops
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Boron
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iodine (498%)
Iron
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum (152%)
Phosphorous
Potassium
Selenium (372%)
Sodium
Vanadium
Zinc
Note: Iodine, Molybdenum and Selenium would go way beyond the 90% increase!
Elevating Anti-oxidant Levels in Food Through Organic Farming
By Charles Benbrook, PhD
Carotenoid Study
25,802 Adults in Maryland
• High Levels of beta carotene & alpha
tocopherol = decreased cancer risk
• Persons with highest tier of total
carotenoids = 66% reduction in cancer risk
versus lowest tier
Cancer Res 1993 Feb 15; 53(4): 795-8
Cysteine Alliin Allicin
ajoene
dithiins
Sulfated Amino Acids
Sulfated Amino Acids
• Glucosinilates, sulfuraphane, thiocyanates
– Powerful Phase II conjugators
• NF-Kappa Beta Modulation (transcription factor)
Soil Sulfur
Glucosinilates (14 identified) e.g.
Crobene, Neoglucobrassin,
Glucoerucin, Glucobrassicin,
Glucoraphanin
Glucobrassicin
I3C (Indole 3 Carbinol)
Ascorbigen
Glutathione
I3C I3CA, I3A, ICZ, DIM, Ltr, HI-IM
Glucoraphanin Sulforaphane
Vitamin C
NAC
HCL
I3C (INDOLE 3 CARBINOL)
• Inhibits Growth of Estrogen- Receptor Positive Breast Cancer Cells by 90% vs.
Tamoxifen @ 60%
• Stops Human Cancer Cells From Growing (54-61%) and Initiated Apoptosis
• Increases Conversion of Estradiol to Estriol by 50% in (1) Week (12 Subjects)
• Prevented Aflatoxin Induced Liver Cancer, Leukemia, Colon Cancer &
Chemically Induced Breast Cancer 70-96% (Lab Rats)
• Restores p21 and Other Proteins That Correct Adducts (Tamoxifen No Effect)
• Hoechst Marrion Roussel: New Generation of Indole Drugs to Replace Estrogen
Drugs
• Dose 200 mg 2-4x / Day As Per Body Wt.
Eating Cruciferous Vegetables
• University of Hawaii: 1600 Men
– Cut Prostrate Cancer Risk 40%
– Cut Colorectal Cancer by 50+%
• Harvard University
– Cut Bladder Cancer by 50%
• Vanderbilt University: China Study
– 50% Reduction in Breast Cancer
FERMENTATION
CHEMISTRY
• LACTIC ACID
• BENZOIC ACID
• LACTOPEROXIDASE
• NICIN
• ACIDOLIN
• HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
• ENZYMES (!)
• VITAMIN C
• VITAMIN K2
• VITAMIN B-12
•Pre-Digests Foods
•Enlivens Foods
•Creates Nutriceuticals
Glucuronidation
Carcinogens
estrogen
(Liver)
D-Glucarate
Diet
Brussels
Sprouts
Broccoli
Oranges
Grapefruit
Toxins/Estrogen
Conjugated Bile Stool
Beta-glucuronidase
(intestines)
Estrogen/glucarate bondEstrogen re-absorbed
• D-Glucarate inhibited 50% beta-glucuronidase 30% reduction in growth of mammary tumors in promotion stage; four-fold
reduction in number of tumors “D-Glucarate: A Nutrient Against Cancer” by T.J. Siaga, J. Quilici-Timmeke
• D-Glucarate reduced 28% reduction of initiation stage; cell proliferation reduced 42% during promotion state Anti Cancer Res.
1995 May: 15(3): 805-10
• D-Glucarate: 70% decrease in mammary tumor growth Carcinogenesis 1986 Sept: 7(9):1463-6
• Effect of Calcium Gulcarate on beta-glucuronidase activity and glucarate content of certain fruits & vegetables Biochem Med
Metab Biol 1990 Apr.; 43 (2): 83-92
Lactoperoxidase
• Works synergistically with Lactoferrin
• Dental Wound Treatment
• Inhibits Human Herpes Simplex Virus-1
• Most abundant enzyme in milk (50 mg/l)
• Heat stable up to 60ºC/30 minutes, or
72ºC/15 seconds
SCN¯ + H2O2 OSCN¯ + H2O
Thiocyanates Hydrogen Peroxide Hypothiocyanate Water
(Clover & Brassicas)
Lactoperoxidase
OSCN¯ oxidizes bacterial enzyme (-SH groups)
Hypothiocyanate
Lactoperoxidase Pathway from Soil to Milk
Polyphenol
• Phenolic Acids
– Anti-microbial
– Anti-Oxidant
• Salicylic Acid versus acetyl salicylic acid
• Chlorogenic Acid (cranberries, blueberries)
Salicylic Acid-Rich Fruits
• Raisins
• Prunes
• Raspberries
• Apricots
• Blackberries
• Boysenberries
• Cantaloupe
• Cherries
• Cranberries
• Currants
• Dates
• Guava
• Grapes
• Loganberries
• Oranges
• Pineapples
• Plums
• Strawberries
Salicylic Acid-Rich Vegetables
• Broccoli
• Chili Peppers
• Cucumbers
• Okra
• Spinach
• Squash
• Sweet Potatoes
• Canned Tomatoes
• Tomato Paste/Sauce
• Green Peppers
• Radishes
• Zucchini
Lycopene
40-60 mg/day
• Up Regulates Gene Connexin 43
– Allows intercellular gap communication
• Synergistic with Vitamin D3 (cell
proliferation/differentiation)
• Interferes with growth factor receptor signaling
• Very potent anti-oxidant
• Reduces Insulin-like growth factor- 1 (IGF-1) by
31%
• Prostate, breast, lung, stomach, pancreatic cancers
No Refined Carbohydrates!
“Fuel for the Fire”
• 2001 US per Capita Consumption: 170 lbs/year
• 1820 US per Capita Consumption: 10-20 lbs/year
Richard Doll & Richard Peto (Harvard University) “The
Causes of Cancer: Quantitative Estimates of Avoidable
Risks of Cancer in the U.S.” J. Natl Cancer Inst 66:6 (June
1982): 1191-1308.
5 Highest B.C. Mortality = Highest Sugar Consumption
(U.K., Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Canada)
5 Lowest B. C Mortality = Lowest Sugar Consumption
(Japan, Yugoslavia, Portugal, Spain, Italy)
Sugar = Insulin
• Cancer Cells have 6-15 X Insulin Receptor
Sites- 10 X Insulin Growth Factor Receptor
Sites
• Insulin Directs Inflammatory Eicosanoids
Pathways
No Refined Carbohydrates!
“Fuel for the Fire”
• 2001 US per Capita Consumption: 170 lbs/year
• 1820 US per Capita Consumption: 10-20 lbs/year
Richard Doll & Richard Peto (Harvard University) “The
Causes of Cancer: Quantitative Estimates of Avoidable
Risks of Cancer in the U.S.” J. Natl Cancer Inst 66:6
(June 1982): 1191-1308.
5 Highest B.C. Mortality = Highest Sugar Consumption
(U.K., Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Canada)
5 Lowest B. C Mortality = Lowest Sugar Consumption
(Japan, Yugoslavia, Portugal, Spain, Italy)
Detoxify or Die
by Sherry Rogers, MD
• Average newborns contain 287 pollutants
in blood
• Theo Colburn PhD “Our Stolen Future”
80,000 chemicals in the environment; 15%
have been tested
• Hair Analysis: Analytical Research Labs
Phoenix, AZ
• DMPS Challenge
• RBC Analysis
Some Detox Foods
• Fermented Cruciferous Vegetables
• Steamed Cruciferous Veggies
• Miso Paste
• Bone Broth Soup with Sea Veggies
• Allium Foods (Garlic, Onions)
• Green Drinks (Pure Synergy)
• Fresh Cereal Grasses/Sprouts
• Chlorella
• Kefir
• Fresh Juices: Beet, Celery, Carrot,
Ginger, Turmeric
ARE YOU ON FIRE???
• Have Lots of Energy?
• Rested Upon Waking?
• Don’t Crave Carbs?
• Don’t Get Headaches?
• Aren’t Overweight?
• Strong Hair & Nails?
• Clear Minded-Easy to Focus?
• Not Hungry 4-6 Hours Following Meals?
• No Chronic Pain?
• Regular, Soft Bowel Movements
IMPORTANT FOODS TO EAT
• Raw (grass fed) Dairy
• Free-Range Eggs
• Cod Liver Oil
• Coconut Oil
• Fermented Soy
Products (miso,
tempeh)
• Fermented Vegetables
• Fermented Milk
Products
• Sprouted Grain
Products
• Pigment Rich
Fruits
• Sea Vegetables
and Ocean Fish
• Vegetables
• Range Fed Meats
• Tropical Fruits
• Pure Water
FOODS TO AVOID
• Sugars
• Vegetable Oils
• Processed Dairy
• Conventionally
Raised Meats
• Excessive
Carbohydrates
• Refined Soy
Foods
• Refined Salt
• Fluorine &
Chlorine
• Pesticide-Laden
Produce
• Canned/Frozen
Foods
• Foods containing
artificial colors
• Microwaved &
BBQ’d Foods
Cancer, Nutrition &
Healing
By Jerry Brunetti
Farm as Farmacy
“We have seen the future
of medicine and the future
is food.”
Dr. Mitch Gaynor
New York Strang Center
for Cancer Prevention

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The Farm as Farmacy and Pantry

  • 1. The Farm as Farmacy & Pantry NOFA-MASS Aug. 2012 ©Jerry Brunetti
  • 2. American Health & Vitality • Ranked #24 in Healthy Life Expectancy • Ranked #8 in Women’s Life Expectancy • Ranked #15 in Men’s Life Expectancy • Ranked #20 in Infant Mortality
  • 3. The Dark Side of the All-American Meal 1970: $6 Billion 2000: $110 Billion More than autos, computers and college education
  • 4. Fast Food Nation • Americans Eat 1/5 of Their Meals in Cars • Americans Feed 1/3 of Their Children Daily in Fast Food Restaurants • N.I.H. Diabetes Forecasts on Children Born 2000- “The Class of 2018” – 35% Caucasian – 40% African-American – 52% Hispanic • 2008- 25 Million Diabetics • 2050- 50 Million Diabetics • 2000- 60-75 Million “Syndrome X” Will Contract Type II Diabetes (A.K.A. Adult Onset Diabetes)
  • 5. THE AGE OF DIABETES * • 23.6 million (7.8% U.S. population) • 5.7 million Undiagnosed • 57 million have “pre-diabetes” (Syndrome X) • 1.6 million New Cases Yearly *www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2007.pdf *Diabetes Care, 32 (2009): 513-561. PMID 19118286
  • 6. American’s Empty Hunger 2001 • 60% Americans Overweight • 20% Americans Obese 2020 • 75% Americans Overweight • 40% Americans Obese
  • 7. Heart-Healthy “Experts’” Dietary Recommendations Since 1980…. • Grain Consumption Increased 60 lbs per capita • HFCS Consumption Increased 30 lbs per capita – 10% of American Adult Calories – 20% of American Children Calories • 1910 American Consumed 10 lbs Vegetable Oil/Year • 2010 American Consumed 75 lbs Vegetable Oil/Year • 1946 Americans Consumed 10.5 gallons Soda/Year • 2010 Americans Consumed 57.5 gallons Soda/Year
  • 8. Breakfast of Champions Kids Cereal Serving Size (grams) Sugar (grams) % Sugar Protein (grams) Fiber (grams) Cap’n Crunch 27 12 44% 1 1 Froot Loops 30 13 43% 1 1 Trix 32 13 40% 1 1 Cocoa Puffs 27 12 44% 1 1 Lucky Charms 27 11 40% 2 1 Frosted Flakes 30 11 36% 1 1 $10-12 Billion/Year Advertising to Children (Institute of Medicine)
  • 9. March 24, 2004 “That which is lacking in the Present World is a profound knowledge of the Nature of Things.” Frithjot Schuon Diagnosis = 41% of all Americans Mortality = 20% of all Americans
  • 10. More People Make Their Living From the Cancer Industry than Die From Cancer Annual Cost of Treating Cancer Estimated $150 billion • 99% of Research Funds Primary Tumors, Not Metastatic Illness
  • 11. 1.3 Million Annual Diagnosis/600,000 Annual Deaths
  • 12. The War on Cancer By Guy B. Faguet U.S. Spent Over $200 Billion on Cancer Research since 1971
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES (Vioxx or Celebrex??!!) • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-a) • Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1b) • Interleukin 6 (IL-6) • Interleukin 8 (IL-8) • Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-kB)
  • 16. INFLAMMATORY EICOSANOIDS & ENZYMES Linoleic Acid (LA) Gamma Linoleic Acid (GLA) Di-homo Gamma Linoleic Acid (DGLA) Good Eicosanoids, PGA1, PGA2, 15-Hetri E Delta – 6 Desaturase Elongase Oxidized Arachidonic AcidLOX COX-1 / COX-2 Leukotrines (LTB-4) Hydroxylated FACS 5-Hete Delta-5 DesaturaseHealthy A.A 5-Lipoxygenase Inflammation Tissue Destruction Thromboxane Abnormal Platelet Aggregation “Seal the Wound” Prostaglandin E-2 Inflammation & Tissue Destruction Damaged PUFA’s Insulin Infection Injury
  • 17. American Diet 15-25 (LA):1 (ALA)Omega 6 (Linoleic Acid) Omega 3 (Alpha Linolenic Acid) Desaturase Elongase Desaturase ArA EPA (5% of ALA) E/E/D/B-ox DHA (1% of ALA)
  • 18. INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES (Vioxx or Celebrex??!!) • Result of Excessive Insulin (Sugar!) • Result of Excessive Omega 6’s (Grain) • Result of Deficiency of Omega 3’s
  • 19. ANALYSIS OF ARTERIAL PLAQUE FAT •25% fat is saturated •75% fat is polyunsaturated •Heart attack incidence in 1900 was a fraction of 2002 but blood cholesterol has remained constant
  • 20. National Institute of Health • Mr. Fit Trial (1982) • Lipid Research Clinic Trial (1984) No Association Between Fat and Heart Disease! Steinberg D . “Thematic Review Series: The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis, An Interpretive History of the Cholesterol Controversy: Part II: The Early Evidence Linking Hypocholesterolemia to Coronary Disease in Humans” J Lipid Res 46:2 (2005) 179-190
  • 21. The Framingham Heart Study Reviews of 26 Years • 80% of Heart Attack Patients Had Similar LDL Levels of Those Who Did Not Have Heart Attacks • 2X as Many Individuals with Lifetime Total Cholesterol of <200 mg/dl had Heart Disease Compared to Those with Total Cholesterol of >300 mg/dl Castelli, W.P. et. al. “HDL Cholesterol and Other Lipids in Coronary Heart Disease. The Cooperative Lipoprotein Phenotyping Study” Circulation 55 (1977): 767-772
  • 22. The Caloric Myth: A Calorie is a Calorie Fat: 400 Calories Protein: 800 Calories Total: 1200 Calories Carbohydrates: 400 Calories Protein: 800 Calories Total: 1200 Calories 50% to lose 40 lbs @ 1-5 lbs/week 1% to lose 40 lbs @ 1-5lbs/week
  • 23. Glycemic Index Versus Glycemic Load Source Volume Glycemic Index Glycemic Load Pasta 1 cup 59 3,068 Apple 1 cup 54 972 Broccoli 1 cup 50 150 From: The New Glucose Revolution by Jenna Brand-Miller, Thomas Wolever, Kaye Foster-Powell and Stephen Colaqiuri (Marlowe & Co., 2002)
  • 24. Percentage of Essential Fatty Acids in Human Body Fat (1991-1992) Society % Omega–6 % Omega-3 Ratio New Zealand Maori 2.6 0.93 2.8:1 Japanese 14.8 3.2 4.6:1 American 10.2 0.58 17.6:1 (Source: Erasmus, 1993)
  • 25. PEANUTS LA: ALA (5000:1) LA: 15,600 mg/ 100 gms ALA 3 mg/ 100 gms WALNUTS LA: ALA (1:2.4) LA: 3,800 mg/ 100 gms ALA: 9,080 mg/ 100 gms WILD SALMON EPA: 419 mg/ 100 gms DHA: 586 mg/ 100 gms Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Food Chain in the United States. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 71: 179-885. Kris Etherton PM, Taylor DS, Yu-Poth S, et. al. 2000
  • 26. Linoleic Acid Omega 6 A.A. Prostacyclin Omega 6 PGE1 (Anti-Inflammatory) Omega 6 PGE2 (Inflammatory) Omega 6 GLA (Gamma-Linolenic Acid) Omega 6 CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acid) Omega 3 PGE3 (Anti-Inflammatory) Omega 3 EPA/DHA Arachidonic acid Anti-aggregate
  • 27. DHA The Longest & Most Unsaturated Omega 3 • Most Concentrated in Brain/Eyes • Second most concentrated in Sperm • Third most concentrated in heart muscle
  • 28. BIG PHARMA’S Anti-Health Campaign “More Omega-3 Fats Didn’t Aid Heart Patients” (N Engl. J Med 29 Aug 2010) • 4800 men/women history of heart attacks • 40 months on margarine-enriched with EPA/DHA/ALA • Margarine considered “placebo” • Funded by Unilever, et. al.
  • 29. Country Rate Fat in the Diet Japan 34 Low fat, high fish consumption France 58.6 High fat, high butter consumption Italy 94.7 High fat, high olive oil consumption United States 170 High fat, low fish, butter & olive oil consumption Heart Attacks Per 100,000 People Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1996
  • 30. CHOLESTEROL & DIET Masai Meat, animal fat, milk, butter 140 mg/100 gms Trappist Monk Vegetarian, eggs, milk 190 mg/100 gms Thai Unpolished rice, fish, vegetables 140 mg/100 gms Japanese Polished rice, fish, vegetables 165 mg/100 gms American 60% calories from sugar, saturated fat 270 mg/100 gms Reduce to low fat, unsaturated 232 mg/100 gms Vilhjalmur Stefannson (80% calories=saturated fat) 18 months all meat diet 192 mg/100 gms Comparison of Sexagenarians’ Diets
  • 31. CHOLESTEROL’S VITAL IMPORTANCE • Necessary to synthesize Vitamin D (needed for mineral absorption, insulin production, healthy nerves) • Synthesis of bile salts • Production of hormones (anti-stress & sex hormones) • Cell membrane elasticity & strength • Anti-oxidant • Necessary for brain & nerve development • Serotonin availability to brain
  • 32. Government officials and doctors fear that Inuit will switch to imported processed foods loaded with carbohydrates and sugar, risking malnourishment, vitamin deficiencies, heart disease, diabetes and obesity. “The level of contamination is very high in Greenland, but there’s a lot of Western food that is worse than the poisons,” In some respects, the marine diet has made the Inuit among the world’s healthiest people. Beluga whale meat has 10 times the iron of beef, twice the protein and five times the Vitamin A. Omega 3 fatty acids in the seafood protect the Inuit from heart disease and diabetes. Seventy- year-old Inuit men have coronary arteries as elastic as those of 20- year-old Danes, said Dr. Gert Mulvad of the Primary Health Care Clinic in Nuuk. LOS ANGELES TIMES JANUARY 13, 2004
  • 33. Alpha Linolenic Acid (Parent Omega 3) •Most abundant Fatty Acid on Earth •The cell membrane of the chloroplast
  • 34. Distribution of Plant Lipids Leaves: Omega 3 Omega 6 Seeds: Omega 6 Omega 3 Storage Fat Less Oxidizable Desaturase enzyme Cell Membrane of chloroplast for photosynthesis Desaturase enzyme
  • 35. Nutrition and Physical Degeneration 6th Edition Weston A. Price, D.D.S. With forewords to previous editions by Earnest A. Hooten, Professor of Anthropology, Harvard University, Granville F. Knight, M.D. and Abram Hoffer, M.D., Ph.D.
  • 36. Nutrients in Traditional Diets Compared to 20th Century Western Diets (Numbers Represent Percentage Greater in Traditional Diets) Calcium Phosphorous Magnesium Iron Fat-Soluble Vitamins Eskimo 540% 500% 790% 150% 1,000+% Swiss 370 220 250 310 1,000+ Gaelics 210 230 130 100 1,000+ Australian Aborigine 460 620 170 5,060 1,000+ New Zealand Maori 620 690 2,340 5,830 1,000+ Melanesians 570 640 2,640 2,240 1,000+ Polynesians 560 720 2,850 1,860 1,000+ Peruvian Indians 660 550 1,360 510 1,000+ African (cattle raising) 750 820 1,910 1,660 1,000+ Africans (agricultural) 350 410 540 1,660 1,000+ (Source: Price, 1938)
  • 37. Cancer Inversely Related to Decrease in Diversity • iKung Bushman (Kalahari Desert) 75(+) plants in their diet: Cancer virtually unknown • Hunter-Gatherers (before Agriculture) ate between 10,000-80,000 Foods Seasonally • 1900 America Diet – 100 types of apples – 50 types of vegetables – 30 types of meat • 2006 American Diet – 5-10 plants
  • 38. CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID THE CANCER FIGHTING, WEIGHT LOSS FATTY ACID
  • 39. CLA RESEARCH •First Discovered by Australian Lipid Biochemist Dr. Peter Parodi in Early 1980’s •Continued Research at University of Wisconsin by Biochemist Michael Pariza et. al.
  • 40. CANCER & CLA •1996 Study of 4,697 Women: The More Whole Fat Milk in the Diet (More CLA) = Lower Risk of Breast Cancer. Women Drinking the Most Milk Had a 60% Lower Risk of Breast Cancer •Rats Fed 1.5% of Calories as CLA = Tumor Size Reduced 60% •Dr. Tikal Dhiman at Utah State University: One Can Lower Cancer Risk by Consuming Daily, One Ounce of Cheese, One Serving of Grassfed Meat & One Glass of Whole Milk From Pastured Cattle.
  • 41. WEIGHT LOSS & CLA THREE MONTH STUDY: 20 INACTIVE MEN & WOMEN •Treated Group (3 Grams CLA/Day vs. Control (Placebo) •CLA Group Lost 5 Pounds & 15-20% Drop in Body Fat (Lipoprotein Lipase Enzyme Blocked by CLA)
  • 42. MUSCLE GAIN & CLA •CLA Group of Men Could Bench Press 30 Pounds More in 28 Days •Control (Placebo) Group Improved by 9 Pounds •Enhances Hormone Sensitive Lipase to Break Down Fat Already Deposited in Cells
  • 43. GRASSFED MEAT & MILK HAS 4-5 TIMES MORE CLA THAN GRAIN FED MEAT: T. DHIMAN PhD, 1996.
  • 44. Botanical Composition of Pastures Grass Average Legume Average Compositae Average Rosacea Average Plantiagnace Average Lowlands 52.5% 47.5% 0% 0% 0% Mountains 63.7% 7.3% 3.1% 2.5% 2.45% Highlands 40.20% 9.2% 15.6% 5.6% 5.3% Grams Fatty Acids/100g Fat Lowlands Mountains Highlands CLA C18:2c9t11 0.81 1.50 2.18 ∑ CLA 0.87 1.61 2.36 C18:1t10(+)t11 2.11 3.66 5.10 ∑ Trans Fatty Acids 4.55 6.44 8.44 Conjugated and trans fatty acids in summer milk fat from lowlands, mountains and highlands (g. fatty acids/100g fat) Swiss Federal Research Station, Liebefeld, Berne, Switz. 12/8/2000
  • 45. Omega Egg 60 g – large egg Standard Egg 60 g – large egg Calories 75.0 75.0 Protein 6 grams 6 grams Carbohydrate .6 grams .6 grams Total Fat 6.0 grams 6.0 grams Saturated Fat 1.5 grams 2.2 grams Polyunsaturated Fat 1.35 grams .90 grams n-6 Fatty Acids 750 mg 800 mg n-3 Fatty Acids 350 mg 60 mg C18:3 250 mg 40 mg C22:6 DHA 100 mg 20 mg n-6:n-3 Ratio 2.6 13.0 Monounsaturated Fats 2.8 grams 2.4 grams Cholesterol 180 mg 210 mg Vitamin A 660 i.u. 470 i.u. NUTRITIVE VALUE OF OMEGA EGGS COMPARED TO STANDARD EGGS Lutein Carotene Vitamin E Cysteine Choline ?
  • 46. Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone) • Pre-cursor to activator ‘X’ (K2) • Found in chloroplast • Bridge between chlorophyll and iron-sulfur centers
  • 47. Vitamin K2 (Price’s Activator ‘X’) Menaquinone • Converted from K1 by animal tissue • Butter fat • Animal fat • Animal organs • From livestock on rapidly growing green grass • Highest percentage from mineralized soils (varied 50 fold over 20,000 butter samples)
  • 48. Bones & Teeth Growth Vitamin A Vitamin D Matrix Gla Protein Activated Matrix Gla Protein Deposition of Minerals Keeps soft tissues from calcifying Vitamin A Vitamin D Osteocalcin Activated Osteocalcin Organization of Minerals Bone Mineralization Vitamin K2 Osteoblast Vitamin K2
  • 49. Epigenetics Modifies the Read-Out of Genes without Changing DNA Epigenetics & The Agouti Mice “Molecular and Cellular Biology” August 1, 2003 •Agouti Mice: Yellow Coats, Extremely Obese •Predisposed to Diabetes, Heart Disease, Cancer
  • 50. The Agouti Mice Test Group • Supplemental with Methyl-Group Rich Supplements – Folic Acid, Vitamin B-12, Betaine, Choline • Methylating the DNA Can Modify or Silence Gene Activity • Pregnant Mothers Produced Standard, Lean, Brown Offspring • Medical (Cancer) Postscript: Only 5% of Cancer Incidence is Related to Heredity
  • 51. Discover Magazine 11/2006 Volume 27; No. 11 Agouti Mice
  • 52.
  • 53. The Necessity of Saturated Fat • Cell membranes: 50% of Fats in cell membranes must be saturated for proper functioning • Lung function (palmitic acid= 68% Lung Surfactant) • Kidney function • Brain & Nervous System • Immune System • Anti-Infective • Heart/Cardio-Vascular Health • Vitamin/Nutrient Carrier: A, D, CLA
  • 54. Flavor (and Medicine) is in Fat • Aromatics (Secondary Plant Metabolites) are Fat Soluble • Wild Animals: 30% PUFA’s • Domesticated Animals: 2% PUFA’s
  • 55. Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defense • Grazing Animals (tannins, essential oils, alkaloids) • Ultra Violet Radiation • Bacteria, Fungi, Virus • Defense Against Competing Plants (walnuts) • Vulnerable Fruits & Younger Tissue are higher in PSM’s
  • 56.
  • 57.
  • 58. Organic Milk’s Grass Pigments (Danish Institute of Agricultural Research) • 50% More Vitamin E • 75% More Beta Carotene • 200-300% More Lutein & Zeaxanthine • 15 Million Americans have Macular Degeneration: 10X Increase in 30 Years (Dr. Paul Beaumont- Macular Degeneration Foundation
  • 59. 1.022 0.884 0.689 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 Prairie Creek High Forage Organic Steer Stuffer Total CLA Total CLA
  • 60. 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Prairie Creek High Forage Organic Steer Stuffer Omega 3 to Omega 6 Ratio Omega 3 to Omega 6 Ratio
  • 61. 2.401 1.585 1.647 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 Prairie Creek High Forage Organic Steer Stuffer Total Trace Elements in ppmTotal Trace Elements (ppm)
  • 62. 323 93 180 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Prairie Creek High Forage Organic Steer Stuffer Strontium (ppb)Strontium (ppb)
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65.
  • 66. William Albrecht PhD. • Head of Agronomy at the University of Missouri • Inspiration for Brookside Labs • Author of The Albrecht Papers Vol. 1-13.
  • 68. Industrialized Agricultural = Empty Harvest • Highly soluble acidulated fertilizers leach nutrients from the soil • Unprecedented Erosion of Thousands of Years Worth of Topsoil • Nutrients become “complexed” and thus unavailable
  • 69. 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 1914 1948 1963 1997 Year (mg.) Average mineral content in selected vegetables, 1914-1997. Sums of averages of calcium, magnesium and iron in cabbage, lettuce, tomatoes and spinach. (Sources: Lindlahr, 1914; Hamaker, 1982; and U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1963 and 1997)
  • 70. Disappearing Trace Elements in Food, 1948-1992 (Per 100 Grams of Food) 1948 1948 1992 % Difference Between (Highest) (Lowest) (Average) 1948 Low &1992 Ave Snap Beans iron 22.7 mg. 1.0 mg. 1.04 mg. 0 manganese 6.0 mg. 0.2 mg. 0.214 mg. 0 copper 6.9 mg. 0.3 mg. 0.069 mg. -77% Cabbage iron 9.4 mg. 2.0 mg. 0.59 mg. -70% manganese 6.0 mg. 0.2 mg. 0.159 mg. -20% copper 4.80 mg. 0.04 mg. 0.023 mg. -42% Lettuce iron 193.8 mg. 0.9 mg. 0.5 mg. -44% manganese 9.4 mg. 0.2 mg. 0.151 mg. -25% copper 5.3 mg. 0.3 mg. 0.028 mg. -90% Tomatoes iron 158.4 mg. 0.1 mg. 0.45 mg. +350 manganese 51.6 mg. 2.0 mg. 0.105 mg. -94% copper 3.2 mg. 0 0.074 mg. 0 Spinach iron 22.7 mg. 1.9 mg. 2.71 mg. +142% manganese 6.0 mg. 0.9 mg. 0.097 mg. -89% copper 6.9 mg. 0.5 mg. 0.13 mg. -74%
  • 71. Changes in the Mineral Content of Grains, 1963-1992 (Per 100 Grams) 1963 1992 % Change Wheat, red winter, hard calcium 46 mg. 29 mg. -36.96 phosphorus 354 mg. 288 mg. -18.64 iron 3.40 mg. 3.19 mg. -6.18 potassium 3.70 mg. 363 mg. -1.89 magnesium 160 mg. 126 mg. -21.25 Oats, rolled calcium 53 mg. 52 mg. -1.89 phosphorus 405 mg. 474 mg. +17.04 iron 4.5 mg. 4.2 mg. -6.67 potassium 352 mg. 350 mg. -0.57 magnesium 169 mg. 148 mg. -12.43 Buckwheat calcium 114 mg. 18 mg. -84.21 phosphorus 282 mg. 347 mg. +23.05 iron 3.1 mg. 2.2 mg. -29.03 potassium 448 mg. 460 mg. +02.68 magnesium 229 mg. 231 mg. +00.87 White rice calcium 24 mg. 9 mg. -62.50 phosphorus 94 mg. 108 mg. +14.89 iron 0.8 mg. .08 mg. 0.00 potassium 92 mg. 86 mg. -6.52 magnesium 28 mg. 35 mg. +25.00
  • 72. Changes in Nutrient Content of Beef and Chicken, 1963-1992 (Per 100 Grams) 1963 1992 % Change Beef, ground calcium 10 mg 8 mg -20.00 iron 2.70 mg 1.73 mg -35.93 magnesium 17 mg 16 mg -5.88 phosphorus 156 mg 130 mg -16.67 potassium 236 mg 228 mg -3.39 vitamin A 40 IU 0.00 -100.00 thiamine 0.80 mg 0.03 mg -52.50 riboflavin 0.16 mg 0.151 mg -5.63 niacin 4.30 mg 4.48 mg +4.19 Chicken calcium 12 mg 10 mg -16.67 iron 203 mg 198 mg -2.46 magnesium 1.30 mg 1.03 mg -20.77 phosphorus 285 mg 238 mg -16.49 potassium 23 mg 23 mg 0.00 vitamin A 150 IU 45 IU -70.00 thiamine 0.10 mg 0.069 mg -31.00 riboflavin 0.12 mg 0.134 mg +11.67 niacin 7.70 mg 7.87 mg +2.21
  • 73. Mean Percent Additional Mineral Content in Organic Compared to Conventional Crops 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Boron Calcium Chromium Copper Iodine (498%) Iron Magnesium Manganese Molybdenum (152%) Phosphorous Potassium Selenium (372%) Sodium Vanadium Zinc Note: Iodine, Molybdenum and Selenium would go way beyond the 90% increase! Elevating Anti-oxidant Levels in Food Through Organic Farming By Charles Benbrook, PhD
  • 74. Carotenoid Study 25,802 Adults in Maryland • High Levels of beta carotene & alpha tocopherol = decreased cancer risk • Persons with highest tier of total carotenoids = 66% reduction in cancer risk versus lowest tier Cancer Res 1993 Feb 15; 53(4): 795-8
  • 76. Sulfated Amino Acids • Glucosinilates, sulfuraphane, thiocyanates – Powerful Phase II conjugators • NF-Kappa Beta Modulation (transcription factor)
  • 77. Soil Sulfur Glucosinilates (14 identified) e.g. Crobene, Neoglucobrassin, Glucoerucin, Glucobrassicin, Glucoraphanin Glucobrassicin I3C (Indole 3 Carbinol) Ascorbigen Glutathione I3C I3CA, I3A, ICZ, DIM, Ltr, HI-IM Glucoraphanin Sulforaphane Vitamin C NAC HCL
  • 78. I3C (INDOLE 3 CARBINOL) • Inhibits Growth of Estrogen- Receptor Positive Breast Cancer Cells by 90% vs. Tamoxifen @ 60% • Stops Human Cancer Cells From Growing (54-61%) and Initiated Apoptosis • Increases Conversion of Estradiol to Estriol by 50% in (1) Week (12 Subjects) • Prevented Aflatoxin Induced Liver Cancer, Leukemia, Colon Cancer & Chemically Induced Breast Cancer 70-96% (Lab Rats) • Restores p21 and Other Proteins That Correct Adducts (Tamoxifen No Effect) • Hoechst Marrion Roussel: New Generation of Indole Drugs to Replace Estrogen Drugs • Dose 200 mg 2-4x / Day As Per Body Wt.
  • 79.
  • 80.
  • 81. Eating Cruciferous Vegetables • University of Hawaii: 1600 Men – Cut Prostrate Cancer Risk 40% – Cut Colorectal Cancer by 50+% • Harvard University – Cut Bladder Cancer by 50% • Vanderbilt University: China Study – 50% Reduction in Breast Cancer
  • 82. FERMENTATION CHEMISTRY • LACTIC ACID • BENZOIC ACID • LACTOPEROXIDASE • NICIN • ACIDOLIN • HYDROGEN PEROXIDE • ENZYMES (!) • VITAMIN C • VITAMIN K2 • VITAMIN B-12
  • 84.
  • 85. Glucuronidation Carcinogens estrogen (Liver) D-Glucarate Diet Brussels Sprouts Broccoli Oranges Grapefruit Toxins/Estrogen Conjugated Bile Stool Beta-glucuronidase (intestines) Estrogen/glucarate bondEstrogen re-absorbed • D-Glucarate inhibited 50% beta-glucuronidase 30% reduction in growth of mammary tumors in promotion stage; four-fold reduction in number of tumors “D-Glucarate: A Nutrient Against Cancer” by T.J. Siaga, J. Quilici-Timmeke • D-Glucarate reduced 28% reduction of initiation stage; cell proliferation reduced 42% during promotion state Anti Cancer Res. 1995 May: 15(3): 805-10 • D-Glucarate: 70% decrease in mammary tumor growth Carcinogenesis 1986 Sept: 7(9):1463-6 • Effect of Calcium Gulcarate on beta-glucuronidase activity and glucarate content of certain fruits & vegetables Biochem Med Metab Biol 1990 Apr.; 43 (2): 83-92
  • 86. Lactoperoxidase • Works synergistically with Lactoferrin • Dental Wound Treatment • Inhibits Human Herpes Simplex Virus-1 • Most abundant enzyme in milk (50 mg/l) • Heat stable up to 60ºC/30 minutes, or 72ºC/15 seconds
  • 87. SCN¯ + H2O2 OSCN¯ + H2O Thiocyanates Hydrogen Peroxide Hypothiocyanate Water (Clover & Brassicas) Lactoperoxidase OSCN¯ oxidizes bacterial enzyme (-SH groups) Hypothiocyanate Lactoperoxidase Pathway from Soil to Milk
  • 88. Polyphenol • Phenolic Acids – Anti-microbial – Anti-Oxidant • Salicylic Acid versus acetyl salicylic acid • Chlorogenic Acid (cranberries, blueberries)
  • 89. Salicylic Acid-Rich Fruits • Raisins • Prunes • Raspberries • Apricots • Blackberries • Boysenberries • Cantaloupe • Cherries • Cranberries • Currants • Dates • Guava • Grapes • Loganberries • Oranges • Pineapples • Plums • Strawberries
  • 90. Salicylic Acid-Rich Vegetables • Broccoli • Chili Peppers • Cucumbers • Okra • Spinach • Squash • Sweet Potatoes • Canned Tomatoes • Tomato Paste/Sauce • Green Peppers • Radishes • Zucchini
  • 91. Lycopene 40-60 mg/day • Up Regulates Gene Connexin 43 – Allows intercellular gap communication • Synergistic with Vitamin D3 (cell proliferation/differentiation) • Interferes with growth factor receptor signaling • Very potent anti-oxidant • Reduces Insulin-like growth factor- 1 (IGF-1) by 31% • Prostate, breast, lung, stomach, pancreatic cancers
  • 92. No Refined Carbohydrates! “Fuel for the Fire” • 2001 US per Capita Consumption: 170 lbs/year • 1820 US per Capita Consumption: 10-20 lbs/year Richard Doll & Richard Peto (Harvard University) “The Causes of Cancer: Quantitative Estimates of Avoidable Risks of Cancer in the U.S.” J. Natl Cancer Inst 66:6 (June 1982): 1191-1308. 5 Highest B.C. Mortality = Highest Sugar Consumption (U.K., Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Canada) 5 Lowest B. C Mortality = Lowest Sugar Consumption (Japan, Yugoslavia, Portugal, Spain, Italy)
  • 93. Sugar = Insulin • Cancer Cells have 6-15 X Insulin Receptor Sites- 10 X Insulin Growth Factor Receptor Sites • Insulin Directs Inflammatory Eicosanoids Pathways
  • 94. No Refined Carbohydrates! “Fuel for the Fire” • 2001 US per Capita Consumption: 170 lbs/year • 1820 US per Capita Consumption: 10-20 lbs/year Richard Doll & Richard Peto (Harvard University) “The Causes of Cancer: Quantitative Estimates of Avoidable Risks of Cancer in the U.S.” J. Natl Cancer Inst 66:6 (June 1982): 1191-1308. 5 Highest B.C. Mortality = Highest Sugar Consumption (U.K., Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Canada) 5 Lowest B. C Mortality = Lowest Sugar Consumption (Japan, Yugoslavia, Portugal, Spain, Italy)
  • 95. Detoxify or Die by Sherry Rogers, MD • Average newborns contain 287 pollutants in blood • Theo Colburn PhD “Our Stolen Future” 80,000 chemicals in the environment; 15% have been tested • Hair Analysis: Analytical Research Labs Phoenix, AZ • DMPS Challenge • RBC Analysis
  • 96. Some Detox Foods • Fermented Cruciferous Vegetables • Steamed Cruciferous Veggies • Miso Paste • Bone Broth Soup with Sea Veggies • Allium Foods (Garlic, Onions) • Green Drinks (Pure Synergy) • Fresh Cereal Grasses/Sprouts • Chlorella • Kefir • Fresh Juices: Beet, Celery, Carrot, Ginger, Turmeric
  • 97. ARE YOU ON FIRE??? • Have Lots of Energy? • Rested Upon Waking? • Don’t Crave Carbs? • Don’t Get Headaches? • Aren’t Overweight? • Strong Hair & Nails? • Clear Minded-Easy to Focus? • Not Hungry 4-6 Hours Following Meals? • No Chronic Pain? • Regular, Soft Bowel Movements
  • 98. IMPORTANT FOODS TO EAT • Raw (grass fed) Dairy • Free-Range Eggs • Cod Liver Oil • Coconut Oil • Fermented Soy Products (miso, tempeh) • Fermented Vegetables • Fermented Milk Products • Sprouted Grain Products • Pigment Rich Fruits • Sea Vegetables and Ocean Fish • Vegetables • Range Fed Meats • Tropical Fruits • Pure Water
  • 99. FOODS TO AVOID • Sugars • Vegetable Oils • Processed Dairy • Conventionally Raised Meats • Excessive Carbohydrates • Refined Soy Foods • Refined Salt • Fluorine & Chlorine • Pesticide-Laden Produce • Canned/Frozen Foods • Foods containing artificial colors • Microwaved & BBQ’d Foods
  • 101. Farm as Farmacy “We have seen the future of medicine and the future is food.” Dr. Mitch Gaynor New York Strang Center for Cancer Prevention