1. Ch 9, Section 2: Changing Population
Trends
Standards: SEV5e

2. 
As of 2012:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
China- 1.3 billion
India- 1.2 billion
United States- 313
million
Indonesia- 248 million
Brazil- 194 million
China’s population is
slowing and India is
projected to surpass
China by 2030.


India’s projected
population in 2050 is
1.6 billion.

3.  Not
every country
progresses thru the
DT at the same rate
or in the same way.
 Some countries have
modern industry but
low income (China)
 Some countries are
stable & educated
but with low
industrialization

4. 

Most developed
countries have already
gone through the
demographic transition
during a time when
resources were
plentiful.
Developing countries
are currently
experiencing their
largest growth of the
demographic transition
during a time when the
resources on the planet
are already stressed.

5. 

When a country grows at a
rapid rate it uses
resources at an increased
rate which will overwhelm
the infrastructure of a
community.
Infrastructure are basic
necessities of a
community such as







Water supplies
Sewer lines
Power plants
Roads
Subways
Schools
Hospitals

6.  Rapidly
growing
populations use
resources faster
than the
environment can
renew them
 Resources most
critically affected
by rapid growth:
Vegetation
 Water
 Land


7. In many developing
countries, wood is main
source of fuel.
 When pop. is low, people
can gather dead wood on
ground.
 When pop. is high,
people cut down trees to
get fuel wood.
 Without wood, cannot
boil water for drinking,
cook food, or stay warm.


Water must be boiled b/c it
is usually contaminated with
disease causing parasites.

8. 


If population grows too
rapidly, the local water
supply cannot keep up.
Water supplies may dry up
faster than they can be
replaced by rain water
Plumbing infrastructure may
be non-existent or not
sufficient for growing
population


People may drink and wash
from same water used for
sewage disposal.
Causes outbreaks of disease
such as cholera, typhoid, and
dysentery


All of these diseases result in
diarrhea
Diarrheal diseases cause more
than 40% of the deaths in Africa*

9.  Growing
populations
have shortage of
arable land.
 Arable land is land
that can be used to
grow crops.
 Also competition for
land to be used not
only for farming,
but also for housing
& natural habitats.

10. 
Ex: Egypt
Egypt pop. 73 million &
growing at rate of 2%
each year.
 Egypt needs Nile River
valley for farming (only
4% of land in Egypt is
arable)
 The Nile River valley is
also the only place where
people can live b/c most
of the country is desert.
 As population increases,
valley land will be used
for housing which means
less land available to
grow food.


11. 



Another problem with land
usage is urbanization.
Urbanization- when people
in rural areas move to cities.
Urbanization leads to
suburban sprawl- people
move to suburbs around
cities and commute into
cities for work.
City infrastructure can’t
keep up with immigration of
people into cities or suburbs




Lots of traffic jams
Less land for farms
Inadequate plumbing
Not enough or inadequate
housing
A housing development in Arizona

12. Less developed
countries are
beginning to realize
the economic strain
overpopulation has on
their countries.
 Some governments try
to limit birth rate by:




Offering monetary
incentives/tax
incentives to only have
1-2 kids
Advertising family
planning programs
Legal punishments
Family planning pamphlet from
India.

13.  Conference
held
by United
Nations
 Debated
relationship
between
populations,
development,
and environment

Results of Conference:

Provide access to family
planning methods & related
reproductive health services

Reduce infant mortality rates
to below 35/1000 live births &
under 5 year old mortality
rates to 45/1000

Close gap in maternal
mortality btwn developed &
developing countries.

Increase life expectancy at
birth to more than 75 years.

Achieve universal access to &
completion of primary
education. Ensure the widest
and earliest possible access by
girls and women to secondary
& higher levels of education

14. 



Worldwide population is
currently over 7 billion.
Worldwide fertility rates
are declining
If current trends continue,
most countries will
achieve replacement level
fertility by 2050 &
population growth will
slow/stop.
Most demographers
predict world population
will stabilize btwn 8 & 11
billion people.