an overview of the development of offshore wind energy in Europe

1. offshore wind power in Europe Chris Westra (senior consultant ECN) (general manager We@Sea) ) www.we-at-sea.org www.ECN.nl

2. Offshore wind energy 2010 - 2020 Great Britain , Netherlands, Germany, Belgium.

3. Europa (2) B: >4 GW DK: > 4 GW UK: > 33 GW NL: > 6 GW D: 25 GW x North Sea National targets 2030

4. Potential of the North Sea More energy than from the Middle East ! European offshore wind energy community

6. Wind energy annual installation 2000-2020 (GW) Source: EWEA/GWEC Realise consequences of annually installing 5000 MW offshore !!! Potential

7. Offshore wind energy & Spatial planning In the Netherlands

8. Dutch offshore projects 228 MW OWEZ 108 MW, 2006 ( M€ 260) Princes Amalia 120 MW, 2007 ( M€ 380) 36 x Vestas 3MW V90  108 MW 10 – 18 km from the coast 18 m water depth Monopiles 30 m into seabed OWEZ

9. Princes Amalia wind farm 60 Vestas 2 MW V80  120 MW 23 km from coast 19 - 24 m water depth mono piles

11. Onshore wind turbines modified for sea circumstances

13. Technology development ’ 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 .05 . 3 . 5 1.3 1.6 2 4.5 5 MW 12 m Ø 126 m Ø Today’s standard offshore: around 3 MW A380 Airbus

14. The challenge of upscaling Source: van Kuik

15. Control of large rotor blades Wind field Reduced effectiveness of full span pitch control of large machines Photo: Jos Beurskens

16. Support structures in real life Photo Jos Beurskens Photo Jos Beurskens Photo Jos Beurskens Technology: development of foundations Photo Jos Beurskens Photo Jos Beurskens Photo Jos Beurskens

17. Photo Jos Beurskens Photo Jos Beurskens Hywind StatoilHydro (N) Technology

18. Transport & Installation Large variety of offshore transport and installation vessels. Technology Photo Jos Beurskens

19. De technologie Dedicated offshore wind turbines Germany: Bard 5 MW offshore wind turbine

20. Germany Alpha Ventus

22. Installation methods

23. C-Power Belgium 5 MW Repower turbines

24. … transport en place the turbine in one lift Ballast Nedam IHC Merwede

25. Photo Jos Beurskens Photo Jos Beurskens Technology Harbour facilities Permanent or temporarily? Bremerhaven (D) IJmuiden (NL)

26. Denmark Horn’s REV II platforms and hotels for maintenance personnel

27. Floating hotel during construction of Horn’s Rev

28. Maintenance vessel

29. Floating Harbour

30. Artificial Island for construction and maintenance of offshore wind farms © Reinout Prins

32. Artificial islands fit well in the development of an European offshore grid

33. A closer look at port sites B: >4 GW DK: > 4 GW UK: > 33 GW NL: > 6 GW D: 25 GW

34. Islands as part of an offshore network (electrical infrastructure) “ North Clay-land” “ North-East Friesland” “ IJmuiden op zee”

36. A substation on a jacket and on an island the advantage of a substation on an island

39. www.we-at-sea.org Thank you !