TID Chapter 10 Introduction To Database

Introduction to Database Changes and new experience make life delightful. Unanimous

Data and Information ,[object Object],processing data stored on disk Step 1. The member data, including a photograph, is entered and stored on the hard disk. Step 2. The computer extracts the member data from disk. Step 3. The receipt is created and printed. ,[object Object],[object Object],receipt ,[object Object],Next

Data and Information ,[object Object],Database software allows you to Collection of data organized so you can access, retrieve, and use it Database software also called database management system (DBMS) Add, change, and delete data Create database Sort and retrieve data Create forms and reports Next

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Creating the Database

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Entity- relationship diagram model

[object Object],[object Object]

The Hierarchy of Data ,[object Object],[object Object],Next

The Hierarchy of Data ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

The Hierarchy of Data ,[object Object],Yes/No (also called Boolean )—only the values Yes or No (or True or False) Hyperlink Web address that links to document or Web page Object (also called BLOB for binary large object)—photograph, audio, video, or document created in other application such as word processing or spreadsheet Next Currency dollar and cent amounts or numbers containing decimal values Date month, day, year, and sometimes time Memo lengthy text entries Text (also called alphanumeric )—letters, numbers, or special characters Numeric numbers only AutoNumber unique number automatically assigned to each new record

The Hierarchy of Data ,[object Object],Group of related fields Key field , or primary key , uniquely identifies each record Next

The Hierarchy of Data ,[object Object],[object Object],Next key field records fields 22 Fifth Avenue P.O. Box 45 15 Duluth Street 33099 Clark Street 1029 Wolf Avenue Address Auburn Clanton Prattville Montgomery Montgomery City AL Weinberg Jonah 3928 AL Marcus 4872 AL Valesquez Adrian 3376 AL Murray Shannon 2928 AL Vandenberg Donna 2295 State Last Name First Name Member ID Green

File Processing Versus Databases ,[object Object],Each department or area within organization has own set of files May have weaknesses Records in one file may not relate to records in any other file Isolated data —data stored in separate files so it is difficult to access Next Data redundancy —same fields stored in multiple files

File Processing Versus Databases ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

File Processing Versus Databases ,[object Object],Reduced data redundancy Improved data integrity Shared data Easier access Reduced development time Next

File Processing Versus Databases ,[object Object],Next

Database Management Systems ,[object Object],Next Personal computer, midrange server, mainframe IBM Corporation DB2 Personal computer, midrange server, mainframe IBM Corporation Informix Server Microsoft Corporation SQL Server Personal computer, midrange server, PDA Sybase Inc. Sybase Personal computer, midrange server, mainframe, PDA Oracle Corporation Oracle Personal computer, midrange server, mainframe Computer Associates International, Inc. Ingres Personal computer, server, PDA Microsoft Corporation Access Computer Type Manufacturer Database

Database Management Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],Next

Database Management Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SQL statement SQL statement results Next

Database Management Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Step 1. Select the fields you want to display in the resulting query. Step 2. Assign a name to the query, so you can open it later. Step 3. View query on the screen. Next

Database Management Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],Query by example screen criteria Query results ,[object Object],Next

Database Management Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Database Management Systems ,[object Object],p. 532 Fig. 10-16 ,[object Object],[object Object],Next

[object Object],Data model p. 534 Fig. 10-18 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DATA MODELS FOR POPULAR DBMSs Next

Relational database ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DATA TERMINOLOGY Next

Relational database ,[object Object],[object Object],Next

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Hierarchical Database Model

[object Object],Network Database Model

Advantages and D isadvantages of Logical D ata Models Processing efficiency and speed are lower. Data redundancy is common, requiring additional maintenance. Conceptual simplicity; there are no predefined relationships among data. High flexibility in ad-hoc querying. New data an d records can be added easily. Relational database This is the most complicated database model to design, I mplement, and maintain.Greater query flexibility than withhierarchical model, but less than with relational mode l . Many more relationships can be defined. There is greater speed and efficiency than with relational database models. Network Access to data is predefined by exclusively hierarchical relationships, predetermined by administrator. Limited search/query flexibility. Not all data are n aturally hierarchical. Searching is fast and efficient. Hierarchical database Disadvantages Advantages Model

Emerging Data Models ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Specialized Database Models ,[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],Object is item that contains data, as well as actions that read or process data ,[object Object],[object Object],Next Advantages Often uses object query language (OQL) Stores data in objects

[object Object],Next Multimedia databases Store images, audio clips, and/or video clips Groupware databases Store documents such as schedules, calendars, manuals, memos, and reports Computer-aided design (CAD) databases Store data about engineering, architectural, and scientific designs Hypertext databases Contain text links to other documents Hypermedia databases Contain text, graphics, video, and sound Web databases Link to e-form on Web page

TID Chapter 10 Introduction To Database

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TID Chapter 10 Introduction To Database