The document discusses the main types of biological macromolecules - proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. It provides details on their structures, functions and examples of each type of macromolecule. The key macromolecules discussed are amino acids that make up proteins, monosaccharides and polysaccharides that make up carbohydrates, triglycerides and phospholipids that make up lipids, and nucleotides that make up DNA and RNA nucleic acids.