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An information radiator for the Agile Alliance
                                                  Spring 2006




                                   3 Ways to Take
                                   the XP Plunge
Plus...
                                                           Dive in.
Deliver true iteration quality                     The water’s fine!
page 12
                                                                        page 16
Create an agile organization
page 21

Don’t demand pair programming
page 30
Features                                         Departments
                    12 Checks and Balances                            5   Face-to-Face
                          Bring the power of QA to your Agile             You’ll want to mark your calendar
                          processes to ensure that your itera-            for these Agile events.
                          tive releases are production ready.
                          by Damon Carr                               6   User Stories
                                                                       6 Cooking Up Some Agile Planning
                    16 Take the XP plunge!                               by Laura M. Waite & Paul K. Goddard
                         When you’re ready to test the XP
                         waters, pick a style that suits you and       9 Agile Gets Lean
                         venture in at your own pace. by Kent            by Roman Pichler
                         Beck and Cynthia Andres                      26 Through the Looking Glass
                                                                         by Lori Schubring
                    21    Informed Consent
                         Use the decision-making principles of       29 Context
                         sociocracy to create an organization             Every Agile project needs a solid
                         that is as agile as its software develop-        background. Find out what Michele
                         ment practices. by Gareth Powell                 Sliger is reading to strengthen her
                                                                          Agile foundation.
Editor
Rebecca Traeger                                                      30 Refactor
Proofreader                                                               In this issue, Alex Pukinskis reflects on
Heidi Amundson                                                            the wasted effort of selling reluctant
                                                                          managers and developers on the
Design
                                                                          virtues of pair programming.
Pixallure Design
Account Executive
Alison Kincaid
Technical Advisor
MIke Cohn



                                                                                                             tion
                                                                                              ia  nce publica
                                                                                 An Agile All
Learn How to                                                                                                                     DEVELOPMENT
Beat the Odds                                                                                                                    L I F E C YC L E
on Your Next
                                                                                                                                 PRACTICES
Software
Development
Project
                                                                                                                                        Managing
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                                                                                                                                     Plan-Driven
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        Editor’s Letter                                                                                                    Lean – Agile
                                                                                                                             Software
              I’m so glad you downloaded the first issue of                                                                Development
        AgileDevelopment magazine. I hope you are as excited as we               Make sure your entire development team
        are about the changes and the possibilities for the future.             receives a consistent, integrated message
              As you can see, the magazine is designed to be a virtual                     when learning Agility
        whiteboard for the Agile Alliance. In its pages you will find in-                      Upcoming Courses
        formation that is all relevant to the overall project we call Agile    ScrumMaster            Apr 19-20        Cupertino, CA
        development. From features on delivering working software to           Certification
                                                                                                      May 2-3          Bellevue, WA
        articles that show how individuals and interactions really are
                                                                                                      May 23-24        Chicago, IL
        valued above process and procedures, the concepts that were
                                                                                                      Jun 28-29        San Francisco, CA
        laid down five years ago in the now famous Agile Manifesto are
        brought to life here.                                                                         Aug 16-17        Bloomington, MN

               Don’t miss our regular sections: Face-to-Face (events                                  Sep 20-21        Cupertino, CA
        where you can meet with peers and experts), Context (reviews           Design Patterns        Apr 11-13         Bellevue, WA
                                                                               Explained
        of books and articles that discuss Agile topics), User Stories                                Aug 15-17        Cupertino, CA
        (tales from the Agile trenches), and Refactor (an Agile method         Filling the            Jun 7-8          Bloomington, MN
        or process as seen from the perspective of hindsight).                 Customer Role
                                                                                                      Aug 9-10         Cupertino, CA
                                                                               in Agile
              If you’d like to comment or contribute, please feel free to      Projects
        email me at editor@agilealliance.org. I’d love to hear from you.       Lean Software          Apr 19-20         Bellevue, WA
                                                                               Development
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        Sincerely,
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                                                                               Developers
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 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
User Stories

Through the Looking Glass
Our long day’s journey into Agile



by Lori Schubring, ADS Manager, Bemis Manufacturing



They say a journey of a thousand miles Scrum. As I read, I found myself scrutinizing           that are often in the hundreds of pages. An
begins with a single step. Our path to Agile    the way we currently were approaching          average project lasts anywhere from three
started back in early 2005 when I received      software development. I wondered if it was     months to three years. We currently pro-
an invitation to a free half-day seminar on     possible to make Agile work for our organi-    gram in RPG IV. All of our testing is manual.
Scrum. Intrigued, I attended. After the semi-   zation.                                        (Hey, at least we test.) All this is to say that
                                                                                               we are about as far away from Agile as one
nar, my interest was peaked and the ball        Who We Are
was officially in motion.                                                                      can be—all the more reason why Scrum
                                                      As the Application Development and
      My next step was to enroll in the                                                        could be such an important change for us
                                                Support Manager for a large manufacturing
Certified ScrumMaster Training course pre-                                                     to make.
                                                company, I am responsible for coordinat-
sented by Ken Schwaber and Esther Derby         ing and managing the efforts of both our       Where We’ve Been
in Milwaukee. I invited two of my team          support team (help desk) and our project              About a year ago, we began to ques-
members along so they, too, could learn         development group. We support, maintain,       tion the value in our process. We encour-
what Scrum was all about. The course gave       and enhance some 3300, mostly internal,        aged our IS Applications Group to do the
me a valuable head start, but I still wanted    applications.                                  same. Several years ago, we had very little
more information before I made a commit-              We use the traditional waterfall ap-     control or process—things were just short
ment to change.                                 proach to our software development life-       of a free-for-all when it came to making
      To further my Agile education, I read     cycle, with the requisite multiple hand-offs   program changes and getting them into
Ken’s book, Agile Project Management with       and business and technical specifications      production. In response, we went to the


6 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
other end of the spectrum and became
  so formalized that we hindered our abil-      “Mike helped us                           Mike Cohn, author of Agile
  ity to remain flexible for the business. It   move to a much                            Estimating and Planning and
  got to the point where we weren’t turn-       more progressive,                         User Stories Applied For Agile
  ing around project requests fast enough:      business-friendly
                                                approach that has                         Software Development and
  our process took so long people some-
                                                paid enormous                             Mountain Goat Software
  times thought the project had died when
  in fact we were still working on it!          dividends. I can’t                        specialize in the application
         After our brief exposure to the        imagine going                             of agile techniques to di cult
  world of Agile, we began to look for ways     back to the old                           software problems.
  to be more flexible rather than letting       way of developing
  the process govern how we approached          software.”
  our projects. If it didn’t make sense to do                        Available courses include:
  something for a particular project, we             Mark Gutrich
                                                      CEO, ePlan         Agile Estimating and Planning
  encouraged the group to question it and
                                                         Services        Certi ed ScrumMaster
  think outside the box. If we didn’t need
  a technical specification, we didn’t write                             User Stories for Agile Requirements
  one. If we could combine the specifica-       “Mike’s classes at       Working On an Agile Team
  tions into one document to minimize           Yahoo! have been         Agile Product Management
  the documentation, we did just that. We       incredibly useful.
  started assigning the project team at         I recommend him
                                                to anyone who
                                                                     training. mentoring. consulting.
  the beginning of a project to minimize
  hand-offs and the learning curve that         is serious about
  goes along with them. We have begun to        implementing
  move from narrative test plans to reus-       Agile in their
  able test plans and would love to get to      organization.”
  the point where we can automate our
  testing.                                              Gabrielle
         We have been taking some very                  Bene eld
  small steps, and have made some great          Director of Agile       Phone: (720) 890-6110
  strides in improving our process with the        Development,           Fax: (720) 221-0721
  goal of delivering value to the business                 Yahoo!    www.mountaingoatsoftware.com


 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
faster—but we still aren’t anywhere near         had before. Unfortunately, despite all the     I broke out in a sweat thinking about all
  Agile.                                           information I had received, I also left with   of the different things that needed to be
                                                   even more questions.                           done.
  Guides along the Way
                                                         On the flight home, I began to real-           Since then, for every one question I
         In July 2005, several of us attended
                                                   ize the challenges that lay ahead. I needed    have asked and had answered, five more
  Agile 2005 in Denver. It was a week of in-
                                                   to gain the support of our IT Director and     questions have popped up. Luckily, every-
  tense idea sharing and instruction that had
                                                   our Vice-President of Information Services.    one I have been in contact with has been
  more energy and passion than any other
                                                   I wanted to bring Mike Cohn in. I wanted to    very generous in offering suggestions
  conference I have ever been to in all my
                                                   change our structure and form Agile teams.     and guidance on books, articles, websites,
  fourteen years in the industry.
                                                   I needed to educate the business on what       groups, and contacts to talk to and share
         We all have helpmates on our jour-
                                                   the benefits of Agile were. I would have to    information with.
  ney, and fate stepped in to give us one: in
                                                   convince my group that Agile was going to            Mike Cohn has been instrumental in
  one session, I happened to select a seat
                                                   be a positive change and I would have to       getting me in touch with individuals who
  next to Lisa Owens from ePlan Services. We
                                                   provide them with books and information        have already gone down the path I am on.
  began to talk and, as luck would have it,
                                                   on what Agile and Scrum were all about.        He suggested I join several Yahoo groups
  she was already doing Scrum— and her of-
  fice was a block away from the conference.
  She took us on a field trip to better explain
  their Scrum process and to show us their
  Scrum board, burndown charts, retrospec-
  tives, user stories, and other Agile tools. It
  was a great opportunity to see Scrum in
  action. She also spoke very highly of Mike                 World Leaders in the supply of I.T.
  Cohn and suggested that if I was serious                   Software Development Consultants
  about Agile I should find a way to bring
  him into our organization to help with the
  implementation.                                     Please contact either James McMillan or Matt Farmer
         Lisa wasn’t the only helpful partici-                    Tel : +44 (0) 870 428 1011
  pant; many people were willing to share                         Fax: +44 (0) 870 428 1012
  their experiences. I left the conference with
  an armful of books and more excitement
  about the potential Agile offered than I                 Or email: agiledevelopers@ma-worldwide.com


 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
on Agile planning and Scrum development,           also received information on the Wisconsin            came to us and delivered four full days of
  so I did that and began posting my ques-           SPIN Group, a group dedicated to software             training and consulting. We’re on the road.
  tions to the groups. I purchased several           process improvements who recently com-                       I had no idea what I was getting into
  copies of Mike Cohn’s User Stories Applied         pleted a four-part series on Agile. I have            when this all started. Some days, the pic-
  and Agile Estimating and Planning to share         spent countless hours reading books and               ture is still as clear as mud—well, maybe a
  with my group. I am attempting to orga-            visiting websites trying to absorb as much            little more watered down. Still, I am making
  nize a Wisconsin-based Agile user group            information as possible. I have had confer-           progress. Members of my group are start-
  (another new adventure for me). I even             ence calls with complete strangers willing            ing to get excited about what Agile has to
  created an “Agile Corner” complete with            to share their experiences. It’s been great.          offer as well.
  whitepapers, diagrams, and other books                    Thanks to all of the resources and the                Some might criticize our slow imple-
  on Agile, lean software development, and           helpful people we encountered along the               mentation, but I purposely chose not to
  teambuilding. We add to the corner as we           way, we have persevered and change is                 rush into anything. Instead, I planned care-
  come across new material.                          happening.                                            fully and considered our team structure
         I have received emails from different                                                             and skill sets, office layout, company cul-
                                                     Where We’re Going
  individuals suggesting alternate reading,                                                                ture, and potential issues that might arise.
                                                          In October, I received approval to
  including Fit for Developing Software by Rick                                                            I am learning from others’ experiences and
                                                     implement Scrum. In early 2006, Mike Cohn
  Mugridge and Ward Cunningham, I have                                                                     am trying to take it all in. The good thing




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 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
(or bad thing depending on how you look
 at it) is that there is no cookie-cutter solu-            Hyatt Regency Minneapolis
 tion. There is no silver bullet. Each of us has                July 23-28, 2006
 to determine what works best for us and
 our particular environment and situation.
 It is important to listen to what others have
 to say, yet it is equally important to realize
 that what might work well in one company
 may not work for us.
         It is quite challenging trying to lead at
 the same time that you are learning. Agile
 is a whole new way of looking at things—it
 is both scary and exciting at the same time.
 I have learned and pushed myself outside
 of my comfort zone many times during this
 discovery process and I am hoping that my
 group will also do the same.
         In a future article, I will report back to
 you on how well our implementation is go-
 ing. In the meantime, I hope our story will                                                                                                    Event Sponsors:


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10 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
By Kent Beck 
                                                                                                          Cynthia Andres

Take the XP Plunge!
Want to go eXtreme but can’t decide where to
start? Stop worrying and start changing.


XP promises relief from the pitfalls           ming Explained: Embrace Change, 2nd Edition,   big risky release into two smaller releases.
of traditional development projects. But,      to describe three stereotypical ways teams     Still other toe dippers begin by working on
when you’re ready to test the XP waters,       take the XP plunge: Toe Dip, Cannonball,       XP individually if the team is not ready.
how do you begin moving from how you           and Racing Dive.                                      The sidebar “XP’s Safe Starts” (page
work today toward an XP style of develop-      Toe Dip                                        18) lists thirteen practices that are safe
ment? You want to start in the right place,                                                   places to start (covered in detail in XP
                                                     Some people and teams value con-
convince the right people, and “do it right”                                                  Explained, 2nd Edition). Any one of these
                                               tinuity. They don’t want to let go with one
so you can reap all the benefits. However,                                                    “places” will provide some immediate im-
                                               hand before they have a firm hold with the
this need to “do it right” can keep many       other. When they begin XP they introduce       provement, with minimum risk.
teams from doing anything at all. XP is a      one practice at a time. They firmly instill           If you are a toe dipper, think about
way forward; a way to find the courage         that one practice before adding the next,      the area you would most like to improve,
to embrace the challenges of change. XP        while the rest of their development process    find the practice that addresses that issue,
starts when you start and where you start.     remains intact. They are toe dippers.          and implement it on a trial basis. After a
      Eight years of observing and coach-            The gradual path into XP has many        month or two, evaluate the effects of this
ing the application of XP has convinced me     entrances. Some toe dippers make a point       change, barriers you met, and successes
that there are as many ways of starting and    of programming together in a conference        you had, and share your experiences with
sustaining change as there are ways to get     room several hours a day. Others have          your support community. Then, refine or
into a swimming pool. Let’s stick with that    developers write some automated tests as       repeat the process to add the next most
analogy, as introduced in Extreme Program-     they code. Some start by simply dividing a     valuable practice.
Cannonball                                    the confidence boost the team gets from       a cannonball results in lasting improve-
                                                 gaining control on their own are all good     ment depends not only on how the team
          Some teams want quick results and
                                                 reasons to try a cannonball. Some of the      does its work but also on how the rest of
   are willing to deal with the chaos of radi-
                                                 chaos of the cannonball is mitigated by       the organization responds to their change.
   cal change as long as they are in control
                                                 the synergies between the practices. For      Outside support can encourage a team to
   of the changes to their software process.
                                                 instance, the practice of developer-written stick with their changes long enough to
   These are the teams that start doing every
                                                 tests is invaluable
   XP practice they can at full throttle. The
                                                 when incrementally
   result is, predictably for the short term,
                                                 improving the de-          XP: Dive Right In. The Water’s Fine!
   chaos; but it can be constructive chaos.
                                                 sign of the system.             What You Get:
   Everyone is learning new techniques
                                                        One of the             •	 Fewer defects
   every day and those techniques interact       challenges of man-            •	 More predictability
   in unpredictable ways. Some days work         aging the cannon-             •	 Greater flexibility
   smoothly. Others days are akin to driving     ball is that groups           •	 Closer conformance between delivered features
   in bumper-to-bumper traffic. After a sharp                                     and actual needs
                                                 outside the team
                                                                               •	 Shorter lead time for new features
   learning curve, things settle into a much     quickly feel the
   more highly interactive and refined team      ripples (or in some             How It Works:
   that is able to leap small buildings in a     cases, waves) from            •	 There are weekly milestone releases, each of
   single bound. They produce more, make         the team’s changes.              which is technically ready to deploy.
   fewer mistakes, and have confidence in        All of a sudden,              •	 Programmers, testers, and business experts write
   their ability to handle challenges.                                            automated tests that are exercised continuously.
                                                 the team will ask
                                                                               •	 The whole team sits together in an open work-
          The cannonball is attractive when      for communication                space.
   you want a fresh start and there won’t be     sooner and more               •	 Project information is up-to-date and prominently
   any catastrophic effects from the ensu-       directly than they               displayed.
   ing chaos. If you are beginning a release     used to. They will
   that’s scheduled to take nine months, for     likely break exist-             What’s Hard:
                                                 ing power chains,             •	 The radical departure from the way some histori-
   instance, a cannonball might be a good
                                                                                  cally have developed software
   choice. Conversely, it is not a good choice   skipping across the
                                                                               •	 The creative management necessary for large proj-
   if you have just two weeks left before        organizational chart             ects requiring more people than fit comfortably in
   deployment.                                   to find the informa-             one room
          Amplified positive interactions        tion they need to             •	 Taking active responsibility for your work
   between practices, quick turnaround, and      succeed. Whether


12 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
XP’s Safe Starts                             see improvement and form new habits.         rapid change, but they have the support of
                                                Executive support for the change is es-      someone who has been there before and
       •	 Whole Team—the team includes
          people with all the skills and con-   sential for breaking organizational log      who has the experience to eliminate some
          nections it needs to succeed.         jams. Otherwise you’ll have a frustrated     of the pain and accelerate the learning.
       •	 Sit Together—the team sits within     team unable to grow because they can’t              The racing dive is a good choice for
          eye contact of each other.            get the help they need.                      teams who want quick results but can’t af-
       •	 Pair Programming—two people                  A limitation of learning XP on your   ford as much floundering and chaos as the
          share programming conversations.      own is that teams sometimes can’t imag-      cannonballers. It is also a good choice for
       •	 Informative Workspace—plaster
          the walls with up-to-date informa-    ine how far they can take XP principles      teams who want the effects of XP but don’t
          tion about the project.               and practices. I have pair programmed        have the courage or persistence to make
       •	 Weekly Planning—choose func-          with self-taught XPers for whom test-first   and sustain change on their own.
          tionality to implement each week.     programming and refactoring were a                  The main difficulty for the racing
       •	 Quarterly Planning—set quarterly      revelation. They didn’t realize just how     dive is finding a compatible coach. Good
          themes to be addressed by the         tiny the steps could be, how many tests      coaches can be hard to find. You need to
          weekly iterations.
                                                could profitably be written, and how         find someone you are willing to work with
       •	 Slack—include some optional
          items in any schedule.                often they could be run.                     and whose advice you trust. The biggest
       •	 Test-first Programming—code by               Teams that do cannonball success-     downside I have seen to engaging a coach
          writing a failing test, then making   fully have a sense of pride and confi-       is the tendency to fall back on old author-
          the system satisfy the test.          dence in their accomplishments and           ity patterns, treating the coach as “the ex-
       •	 Incremental Design—invest in          flexibility. They know they can adapt to     pert.” It is all too easy for a team to give up
          the design only what is needed to     whatever circumstances they encounter.       responsibility for their work to the coach.
          comfortably support today’s sto-
          ries.                                 Racing Dive                                  Finding Your Style
       •	 Stories—plan and track in incre-            Teams that want quick results and             Each of these strategies has its place.
          ments of business functionality.
       •	 Ten-minute Build—automatically        are willing to trust outsiders often turn    Since people have very different appetites
          build and test as much of the sys-    to XP coaches to learn a new style of        for change; a team may not even agree on
          tem as you can in ten minutes.        working without the chaotic splash. A        which strategy they are using—after all,
       •	 Continuous Integration—inte-          good coach can smooth out the rough          one man’s toe dip is another man’s cannon-
          grate your changes with the shared    edges of your team’s entry and save you      ball. Here are some questions to help you
          code every couple of hours at         some of the pain of learning. By “diving     find a style and pace of change that will
          most.
                                                in” with professional support, teams that    meet your needs. Taking the time to think
       •	 Energized Work—work and live so
          you can bring energy to your work.    use a professional coach still experience    about and discuss these issues will smooth



13 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
    
                                            




                  
                     
                     



                                                

                                              




14 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
your transition.                                related to that change. It takes awareness        had little motivation to change their style
 • How quickly do you need results?              and persistence to stick with a change and        of work until the programmers had demon-
 • How dramatic do they need to be?              follow through on its consequences in the         strated improvement. Programmers had to
 • What is the budget for outside help?          face of pressure from those around you to         get started with the parts of XP that were
                                                 make their lives “easier” by changing back.       purely technical: test-first programming,
                                                                         An antidote to chang-     pair programming, continuous integration,
                                                                  ing back is being account-       incremental design. If you are a program-
     Flotation Devices
                                                                  able to a supportive com-        mer wanting
           No matter where you start, these devices will                                                            Lane Markers
                                                                  munity. If the whole team        support for
     help you make the change to XP successfully.                                                                    Guiding principles to
                                                                  decides that they are going      changing
         1. Read XP Explained, 2nd Edition. This will                                                                keep your project glid-
                                                                  to integrate their changes       your style of
             give you a shared vocabulary for the tech-                                                              ing along:
                                                                  every hour, and how often        work, show         • Human speed—peo-
             niques you are about to try.
         2. Share what you have learned with others.              people integrate is public       why the              ple can only change
             Change happens best with the support of a            knowledge, it’s much easier      change is            so fast. When that
             like-minded community.                               to keep integrating often        good both for        speed is exceeded,
         3. Make a public commitment to change. Call- even if it feels uncomfort-                  you and for          they revert.
             ing your shot in public is a great motivator to able or seems inconvenient.           those from         • Self-interest—peo-
             stick with it when it gets hard.                     Even if you are the only one     whom you             ple need to see why
         4. Make a plan for your changes. XP-style                making a change, you will        want support.        the changes are in
             planning is a good way to prioritize when            find it easier if you partici-   Share the            their best interest.
             you have many changes to make all at once.           pate in an online commu-         benefits you       • Grow or die—
             Start with the area you can best leverage.           nity or attend your local        know about           change must spread
                                                                                                                        through an organiza-
                                                                  area user’s group meeting.       and what you
                                                                                                                        tion. If not, those
                                                                  In time, rhythm replaces         have learned
 • How strong are the relationships both                                                                                who have changed
                                                 strength.                                         from others.
     within the team and also between the                                                                               will be forced to
     team and the rest of the organization?             Where you need to go to get support        Get a com-           recant or leave.
                                                 will be very different depending on your          mitment for        • Safety—people need
       Regardless of the style you choose,
                                                 position in the organization and where the        a trial. When        to feel safe. They
 once you make a change, beware of the
                                                 impetus for change began. In the early days       you have tried       need organizational
 pressure to change back. When you make
                                                 of XP, almost all those wanting to apply it       the change,          support through both
 a change, it puts a strain on surround-
                                                 were programmers out to improve their             report back to       the hiccups and the
 ing people, resources, and organizations                                                                               successes.
                                                 own work. Project managers and customers          your support-


1 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
ers about how it went and what you would           of them reminds you of times you’ve been        Software development has just begun to
 like to do next.                                   especially effective at software develop-       create value in business. These improve-
        Increasingly, it is the business spon-      ment, embrace it. Try it out yourself. Find     ments are available to you as soon as you
 sors who are asking for XP because they            a buddy to try it with. Convince the team       begin applying XP.
 want to be able to see clearly into their          to try it early. The result will be a change
 projects, to detect problems early, and to         process that intentionally meets your           AUTHOR BIOS: Kent Beck has programmed for
 be able to manage the scope of the system          needs, instead of one driven solely by other    thirty years. He lives in rural southern Oregon
 as it evolves. For customers, the first prac-      people’s agendas.                               with his wife (and co-author) Cynthia Andres,
 tices to implement might be those related                Whatever your circumstances—              four of their five children, and a variable num-
 to planning: weekly and quarterly planning,        whether you go in fast or slow, whether         ber of domestic fowl.
 stories, and slack. To improve on-time deliv-      you make a big splash or just a few ripples,           Cynthia Andres has spent twenty years
 eries, the technical people on the team will       whether you have help or not—XP has             observing the evolution of programming
 need to begin applying the technical prac-         something to offer you. Now is the time to      culture. She works as a change facilitator.
 tices, but establishing a shared understand-       get started. Find a style of improvement        She is co-author of Extreme Programming
 ing of the evolving scope of the system can        that suits you and begin the process today.     Explained: Embrace Change 2nd edition.
 be a big step toward working together.
        Some people are in the position of
 being forced to apply XP. If this describes
 you, you’ll need to decide how you are
 going to treat XP. You can resist or you can
 make XP your own. Here is the case for try-
                                                                                               InsideAgile ™
                                                                                               Immersive Training  Project Delivery
 ing XP when your instincts compel you to
 resist. One of the principles in XP is mutual                                                     “XP is more craft than science; it is only truly
 benefit. As Gandhi said, “Only that solution                                                       learned by experience.” Brian Robertson
 is just that is in the best interest of all par-                                                     Work hand-in-hand with our Agile experts to
 ties.” Changing to XP will likely be uncom-                                                           deliver your high priority project. Avoid the
                                                                                                        pitfalls. Experience an environment where
 fortable at times, but it should serve your                                                             Agile thrives. Visit www.InsideAgile.com
 interests as well as those of the team and
 the whole organization. Take advantage of
 the opportunity to use XP to improve your
 own work and practice. Take a look at the
 practices listed in “XP’s Safe Starts.” If one                                                           The best way to learn Agile is to live it!


16 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
Business_Agility 17/2/06 11:06 Page 1




                                                             IT Consultants - Nationwide
                                                             Highly competitive salary and benefits package


                                                             At Business Agility, we provide IT consulting expertise to help our clients improve the
                                                             efficiency and agility of their customer-facing systems. And our clients are among the
                                                             world's top performing organisations.
                                                             Due to continued success and growth we are now recruiting experienced Developers,
                                                             Lead Developers, Technical Architects and Business Analysts to join our expanding
Whether you’re a software developer, technical               consultancy teams.
architect, project manager or business analyst we
believe that mapping out the best strategic move             Successful candidates will possess good interpersonal skills and be willing and eligible to
on your career path can be a complicated task.               work on a wide variety of projects throughout the UK, and for the more adventurous,
With so many conflicting factors and influences it’s         Europe and North America. The 'hands-on' development roles require you to have at least
  Whether you’re a software developer, pre-sales
reassuring to find an Agile and eXtreme Program-             two years' proven experience in either: Java/J2EE or .NET, or one year of an EAI
  consultant, systems administrator or technical
ming recruitment consultancy that appreciates a              technology such as Sun/SeeBeyond or BizTalk. Chordiant is advantageous for
  architect, we believe that mapping out the
considered move.                                             Development roles but essential for Architect and Analyst roles.
  best strategic move on your career path can be
Whatever your reason for changes—challenge,                  As our name suggests, we're also keen to further identify technically adept individuals at
   a complicated task. With so many conflicting
growth, opportunity, technology or reward—we’ll              all levels who have some strong and tangible exposure within the emerging field of Agile
   factors and influences it’s reassuring to find a
understand, advise, support and guide you toward             Methods and Processes.
the right organisation, forconsultancy that Through
   technical recruitment the right reason.
our industry-leading positionmove. emerging Agile
   appreciates a considered in the                           In return, we offer a highly competitive salary and benefits package, the ability to be based
and eXtreme space, and with the strongest of re-             anywhere, including 'from home' and the chance to work on a wide variety of technically
lationships, we’re confident your next move exactly
   We’re confident your next move will be will be            challenging and rewarding projects.
exactly whathad in mind.
   what you you had in mind and not just another
vacancy filled.
After all,all, it’s your move.
  After it’s your move.
www.connectionsrecruit.co.uk                                    For a copy of the complete job description, please visit our website at:
  Freephone: 0800 028 5627 JOBS
  www.connectionsrecruit.co.uk
                                                               www.business-agility.com/careers
                                                                 and in the first instance call our advising consultant, Simon Voice at:
            CONNECTIONS                                            Connections Recruitment on 0118 989 7612 / 07774 626249
                             recruiting success                      and email your CV to: simonv@connectionsrecruit.co.uk

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Rally Fream Work

  • 1. An information radiator for the Agile Alliance Spring 2006 3 Ways to Take the XP Plunge Plus... Dive in. Deliver true iteration quality The water’s fine! page 12 page 16 Create an agile organization page 21 Don’t demand pair programming page 30
  • 2.
  • 3. Features Departments 12 Checks and Balances 5 Face-to-Face Bring the power of QA to your Agile You’ll want to mark your calendar processes to ensure that your itera- for these Agile events. tive releases are production ready. by Damon Carr 6 User Stories 6 Cooking Up Some Agile Planning 16 Take the XP plunge! by Laura M. Waite & Paul K. Goddard When you’re ready to test the XP waters, pick a style that suits you and 9 Agile Gets Lean venture in at your own pace. by Kent by Roman Pichler Beck and Cynthia Andres 26 Through the Looking Glass by Lori Schubring 21 Informed Consent Use the decision-making principles of 29 Context sociocracy to create an organization Every Agile project needs a solid that is as agile as its software develop- background. Find out what Michele ment practices. by Gareth Powell Sliger is reading to strengthen her Agile foundation. Editor Rebecca Traeger 30 Refactor Proofreader In this issue, Alex Pukinskis reflects on Heidi Amundson the wasted effort of selling reluctant managers and developers on the Design virtues of pair programming. Pixallure Design Account Executive Alison Kincaid Technical Advisor MIke Cohn tion ia nce publica An Agile All
  • 4. Learn How to DEVELOPMENT Beat the Odds L I F E C YC L E on Your Next PRACTICES Software Development Project Managing Projects & Teams Plan-Driven Development Agile Development Process Improvement & Measurement J U N E 2 6 – 2 9 , 2 0 0 6 L A S V E G A S , N E VA DA S O U T H COA S T H OT E L & C A S I N O K E Y N O T E S B Y I N T E R N AT I O N A L E X P E R T S • Discover the latest in software development technologies, trends, and practices Testing & Quality • Attend pre-conference tutorials covering Assurance Agile development, Scrum, traditional Norm Kerth Michael Mah Linda Rising Luke Hohmann Joel Spolsky Elite Systems QSM Associates Independent Luke Hohmann Fog Creek development, requirements, metrics, Consultant Consulting Software estimating, and project management REGISTER NOW! • Network with experts, tools and service Security & providers, and peers Special Topics www.sqe.com/bettersoftwareconf www.sqe.com
  • 5. The complete solution for Editor’s Letter Lean – Agile Software I’m so glad you downloaded the first issue of Development AgileDevelopment magazine. I hope you are as excited as we Make sure your entire development team are about the changes and the possibilities for the future. receives a consistent, integrated message As you can see, the magazine is designed to be a virtual when learning Agility whiteboard for the Agile Alliance. In its pages you will find in- Upcoming Courses formation that is all relevant to the overall project we call Agile ScrumMaster Apr 19-20 Cupertino, CA development. From features on delivering working software to Certification May 2-3 Bellevue, WA articles that show how individuals and interactions really are May 23-24 Chicago, IL valued above process and procedures, the concepts that were Jun 28-29 San Francisco, CA laid down five years ago in the now famous Agile Manifesto are brought to life here. Aug 16-17 Bloomington, MN Don’t miss our regular sections: Face-to-Face (events Sep 20-21 Cupertino, CA where you can meet with peers and experts), Context (reviews Design Patterns Apr 11-13 Bellevue, WA Explained of books and articles that discuss Agile topics), User Stories Aug 15-17 Cupertino, CA (tales from the Agile trenches), and Refactor (an Agile method Filling the Jun 7-8 Bloomington, MN or process as seen from the perspective of hindsight). Customer Role Aug 9-10 Cupertino, CA in Agile If you’d like to comment or contribute, please feel free to Projects email me at editor@agilealliance.org. I’d love to hear from you. Lean Software Apr 19-20 Bellevue, WA Development Jun 1-2 San Jose, CA Sincerely, MagicDraw for Apr 24-28 Bellevue, WA Developers Test-Driven Jun 13-15 Bellevue, WA ASP.NET Test-Driven Jun 20-22 Cupertino, CA Development Rebecca Traeger, Editor Our innovative online training offerings feature complete lectures by leading experts. Try a sample. Register at www.netobjectives.com/promo For information or to register for a class, visit www.netobjectives.com/events or call 425.688.1011 Mention this ad to receive a free T-shirt when you register AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
  • 6. User Stories Through the Looking Glass Our long day’s journey into Agile by Lori Schubring, ADS Manager, Bemis Manufacturing They say a journey of a thousand miles Scrum. As I read, I found myself scrutinizing that are often in the hundreds of pages. An begins with a single step. Our path to Agile the way we currently were approaching average project lasts anywhere from three started back in early 2005 when I received software development. I wondered if it was months to three years. We currently pro- an invitation to a free half-day seminar on possible to make Agile work for our organi- gram in RPG IV. All of our testing is manual. Scrum. Intrigued, I attended. After the semi- zation. (Hey, at least we test.) All this is to say that we are about as far away from Agile as one nar, my interest was peaked and the ball Who We Are was officially in motion. can be—all the more reason why Scrum As the Application Development and My next step was to enroll in the could be such an important change for us Support Manager for a large manufacturing Certified ScrumMaster Training course pre- to make. company, I am responsible for coordinat- sented by Ken Schwaber and Esther Derby ing and managing the efforts of both our Where We’ve Been in Milwaukee. I invited two of my team support team (help desk) and our project About a year ago, we began to ques- members along so they, too, could learn development group. We support, maintain, tion the value in our process. We encour- what Scrum was all about. The course gave and enhance some 3300, mostly internal, aged our IS Applications Group to do the me a valuable head start, but I still wanted applications. same. Several years ago, we had very little more information before I made a commit- We use the traditional waterfall ap- control or process—things were just short ment to change. proach to our software development life- of a free-for-all when it came to making To further my Agile education, I read cycle, with the requisite multiple hand-offs program changes and getting them into Ken’s book, Agile Project Management with and business and technical specifications production. In response, we went to the 6 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
  • 7. other end of the spectrum and became so formalized that we hindered our abil- “Mike helped us Mike Cohn, author of Agile ity to remain flexible for the business. It move to a much Estimating and Planning and got to the point where we weren’t turn- more progressive, User Stories Applied For Agile ing around project requests fast enough: business-friendly approach that has Software Development and our process took so long people some- paid enormous Mountain Goat Software times thought the project had died when in fact we were still working on it! dividends. I can’t specialize in the application After our brief exposure to the imagine going of agile techniques to di cult world of Agile, we began to look for ways back to the old software problems. to be more flexible rather than letting way of developing the process govern how we approached software.” our projects. If it didn’t make sense to do Available courses include: something for a particular project, we Mark Gutrich CEO, ePlan Agile Estimating and Planning encouraged the group to question it and Services Certi ed ScrumMaster think outside the box. If we didn’t need a technical specification, we didn’t write User Stories for Agile Requirements one. If we could combine the specifica- “Mike’s classes at Working On an Agile Team tions into one document to minimize Yahoo! have been Agile Product Management the documentation, we did just that. We incredibly useful. started assigning the project team at I recommend him to anyone who training. mentoring. consulting. the beginning of a project to minimize hand-offs and the learning curve that is serious about goes along with them. We have begun to implementing move from narrative test plans to reus- Agile in their able test plans and would love to get to organization.” the point where we can automate our testing. Gabrielle We have been taking some very Bene eld small steps, and have made some great Director of Agile Phone: (720) 890-6110 strides in improving our process with the Development, Fax: (720) 221-0721 goal of delivering value to the business Yahoo! www.mountaingoatsoftware.com AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
  • 8. faster—but we still aren’t anywhere near had before. Unfortunately, despite all the I broke out in a sweat thinking about all Agile. information I had received, I also left with of the different things that needed to be even more questions. done. Guides along the Way On the flight home, I began to real- Since then, for every one question I In July 2005, several of us attended ize the challenges that lay ahead. I needed have asked and had answered, five more Agile 2005 in Denver. It was a week of in- to gain the support of our IT Director and questions have popped up. Luckily, every- tense idea sharing and instruction that had our Vice-President of Information Services. one I have been in contact with has been more energy and passion than any other I wanted to bring Mike Cohn in. I wanted to very generous in offering suggestions conference I have ever been to in all my change our structure and form Agile teams. and guidance on books, articles, websites, fourteen years in the industry. I needed to educate the business on what groups, and contacts to talk to and share We all have helpmates on our jour- the benefits of Agile were. I would have to information with. ney, and fate stepped in to give us one: in convince my group that Agile was going to Mike Cohn has been instrumental in one session, I happened to select a seat be a positive change and I would have to getting me in touch with individuals who next to Lisa Owens from ePlan Services. We provide them with books and information have already gone down the path I am on. began to talk and, as luck would have it, on what Agile and Scrum were all about. He suggested I join several Yahoo groups she was already doing Scrum— and her of- fice was a block away from the conference. She took us on a field trip to better explain their Scrum process and to show us their Scrum board, burndown charts, retrospec- tives, user stories, and other Agile tools. It was a great opportunity to see Scrum in action. She also spoke very highly of Mike World Leaders in the supply of I.T. Cohn and suggested that if I was serious Software Development Consultants about Agile I should find a way to bring him into our organization to help with the implementation. Please contact either James McMillan or Matt Farmer Lisa wasn’t the only helpful partici- Tel : +44 (0) 870 428 1011 pant; many people were willing to share Fax: +44 (0) 870 428 1012 their experiences. I left the conference with an armful of books and more excitement about the potential Agile offered than I Or email: agiledevelopers@ma-worldwide.com AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
  • 9. on Agile planning and Scrum development, also received information on the Wisconsin came to us and delivered four full days of so I did that and began posting my ques- SPIN Group, a group dedicated to software training and consulting. We’re on the road. tions to the groups. I purchased several process improvements who recently com- I had no idea what I was getting into copies of Mike Cohn’s User Stories Applied pleted a four-part series on Agile. I have when this all started. Some days, the pic- and Agile Estimating and Planning to share spent countless hours reading books and ture is still as clear as mud—well, maybe a with my group. I am attempting to orga- visiting websites trying to absorb as much little more watered down. Still, I am making nize a Wisconsin-based Agile user group information as possible. I have had confer- progress. Members of my group are start- (another new adventure for me). I even ence calls with complete strangers willing ing to get excited about what Agile has to created an “Agile Corner” complete with to share their experiences. It’s been great. offer as well. whitepapers, diagrams, and other books Thanks to all of the resources and the Some might criticize our slow imple- on Agile, lean software development, and helpful people we encountered along the mentation, but I purposely chose not to teambuilding. We add to the corner as we way, we have persevered and change is rush into anything. Instead, I planned care- come across new material. happening. fully and considered our team structure I have received emails from different and skill sets, office layout, company cul- Where We’re Going individuals suggesting alternate reading, ture, and potential issues that might arise. In October, I received approval to including Fit for Developing Software by Rick I am learning from others’ experiences and implement Scrum. In early 2006, Mike Cohn Mugridge and Ward Cunningham, I have am trying to take it all in. The good thing “The most comprehensive Agile Software Development training curriculum in the industry” Currently offering courses in: Lean Software Development Scrum Master Certification Design Patterns Test-Driven Development / XP Programming Agile Project Management The Customer Role in Agile Projects Integrated Training Team Coaching Best of Breed Tools Technical Consulting Innovative Learning Environments For samples of our innovative online training, featuring complete lectures by leading experts, register at www.netobjectives.com/promo Contact us at info@netobjectives.com or 425.688.1011 Learn more at www.netobjectives.com AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
  • 10. (or bad thing depending on how you look at it) is that there is no cookie-cutter solu- Hyatt Regency Minneapolis tion. There is no silver bullet. Each of us has July 23-28, 2006 to determine what works best for us and our particular environment and situation. It is important to listen to what others have to say, yet it is equally important to realize that what might work well in one company may not work for us. It is quite challenging trying to lead at the same time that you are learning. Agile is a whole new way of looking at things—it is both scary and exciting at the same time. I have learned and pushed myself outside of my comfort zone many times during this discovery process and I am hoping that my group will also do the same. In a future article, I will report back to you on how well our implementation is go- ing. In the meantime, I hope our story will Event Sponsors: help those of you who are interested but Agile2005 was a sellout. Don’t unsure of how to approach Agile in your miss your opportunity to organizations. If we can do it, anyone can. I attend Agile2006. am truly convinced of that. Believe me—we The Agile2006 Conference is an open forum exploring all agile methodologies, are about as far away from Agile as the including Extreme Programming (XP), Scrum, Crystal, FDD, DSDM and others. North Pole is from the South Pole. You may With sessions for all roles including executives, managers, programmers and have to stretch yourself and think outside testers, the conference is the place to go for balanced and up-to-the-minute information. the box but there are plenty of people and resources available to help you along the Attend Agile2006 and learn how to deliver business value effectively by adopting Agile Development principles. way. You will never meet a greater group of people than those who are involved in the REGISTER NOW! In cooperation Brought to you by: Agile movement. Good luck to you. Save $300 when you register before May 15 www.Agile2006.org 10 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
  • 11. By Kent Beck Cynthia Andres Take the XP Plunge! Want to go eXtreme but can’t decide where to start? Stop worrying and start changing. XP promises relief from the pitfalls ming Explained: Embrace Change, 2nd Edition, big risky release into two smaller releases. of traditional development projects. But, to describe three stereotypical ways teams Still other toe dippers begin by working on when you’re ready to test the XP waters, take the XP plunge: Toe Dip, Cannonball, XP individually if the team is not ready. how do you begin moving from how you and Racing Dive. The sidebar “XP’s Safe Starts” (page work today toward an XP style of develop- Toe Dip 18) lists thirteen practices that are safe ment? You want to start in the right place, places to start (covered in detail in XP Some people and teams value con- convince the right people, and “do it right” Explained, 2nd Edition). Any one of these tinuity. They don’t want to let go with one so you can reap all the benefits. However, “places” will provide some immediate im- hand before they have a firm hold with the this need to “do it right” can keep many other. When they begin XP they introduce provement, with minimum risk. teams from doing anything at all. XP is a one practice at a time. They firmly instill If you are a toe dipper, think about way forward; a way to find the courage that one practice before adding the next, the area you would most like to improve, to embrace the challenges of change. XP while the rest of their development process find the practice that addresses that issue, starts when you start and where you start. remains intact. They are toe dippers. and implement it on a trial basis. After a Eight years of observing and coach- The gradual path into XP has many month or two, evaluate the effects of this ing the application of XP has convinced me entrances. Some toe dippers make a point change, barriers you met, and successes that there are as many ways of starting and of programming together in a conference you had, and share your experiences with sustaining change as there are ways to get room several hours a day. Others have your support community. Then, refine or into a swimming pool. Let’s stick with that developers write some automated tests as repeat the process to add the next most analogy, as introduced in Extreme Program- they code. Some start by simply dividing a valuable practice.
  • 12. Cannonball the confidence boost the team gets from a cannonball results in lasting improve- gaining control on their own are all good ment depends not only on how the team Some teams want quick results and reasons to try a cannonball. Some of the does its work but also on how the rest of are willing to deal with the chaos of radi- chaos of the cannonball is mitigated by the organization responds to their change. cal change as long as they are in control the synergies between the practices. For Outside support can encourage a team to of the changes to their software process. instance, the practice of developer-written stick with their changes long enough to These are the teams that start doing every tests is invaluable XP practice they can at full throttle. The when incrementally result is, predictably for the short term, improving the de- XP: Dive Right In. The Water’s Fine! chaos; but it can be constructive chaos. sign of the system. What You Get: Everyone is learning new techniques One of the • Fewer defects every day and those techniques interact challenges of man- • More predictability in unpredictable ways. Some days work aging the cannon- • Greater flexibility smoothly. Others days are akin to driving ball is that groups • Closer conformance between delivered features in bumper-to-bumper traffic. After a sharp and actual needs outside the team • Shorter lead time for new features learning curve, things settle into a much quickly feel the more highly interactive and refined team ripples (or in some How It Works: that is able to leap small buildings in a cases, waves) from • There are weekly milestone releases, each of single bound. They produce more, make the team’s changes. which is technically ready to deploy. fewer mistakes, and have confidence in All of a sudden, • Programmers, testers, and business experts write their ability to handle challenges. automated tests that are exercised continuously. the team will ask • The whole team sits together in an open work- The cannonball is attractive when for communication space. you want a fresh start and there won’t be sooner and more • Project information is up-to-date and prominently any catastrophic effects from the ensu- directly than they displayed. ing chaos. If you are beginning a release used to. They will that’s scheduled to take nine months, for likely break exist- What’s Hard: ing power chains, • The radical departure from the way some histori- instance, a cannonball might be a good cally have developed software choice. Conversely, it is not a good choice skipping across the • The creative management necessary for large proj- if you have just two weeks left before organizational chart ects requiring more people than fit comfortably in deployment. to find the informa- one room Amplified positive interactions tion they need to • Taking active responsibility for your work between practices, quick turnaround, and succeed. Whether 12 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
  • 13. XP’s Safe Starts see improvement and form new habits. rapid change, but they have the support of Executive support for the change is es- someone who has been there before and • Whole Team—the team includes people with all the skills and con- sential for breaking organizational log who has the experience to eliminate some nections it needs to succeed. jams. Otherwise you’ll have a frustrated of the pain and accelerate the learning. • Sit Together—the team sits within team unable to grow because they can’t The racing dive is a good choice for eye contact of each other. get the help they need. teams who want quick results but can’t af- • Pair Programming—two people A limitation of learning XP on your ford as much floundering and chaos as the share programming conversations. own is that teams sometimes can’t imag- cannonballers. It is also a good choice for • Informative Workspace—plaster the walls with up-to-date informa- ine how far they can take XP principles teams who want the effects of XP but don’t tion about the project. and practices. I have pair programmed have the courage or persistence to make • Weekly Planning—choose func- with self-taught XPers for whom test-first and sustain change on their own. tionality to implement each week. programming and refactoring were a The main difficulty for the racing • Quarterly Planning—set quarterly revelation. They didn’t realize just how dive is finding a compatible coach. Good themes to be addressed by the tiny the steps could be, how many tests coaches can be hard to find. You need to weekly iterations. could profitably be written, and how find someone you are willing to work with • Slack—include some optional items in any schedule. often they could be run. and whose advice you trust. The biggest • Test-first Programming—code by Teams that do cannonball success- downside I have seen to engaging a coach writing a failing test, then making fully have a sense of pride and confi- is the tendency to fall back on old author- the system satisfy the test. dence in their accomplishments and ity patterns, treating the coach as “the ex- • Incremental Design—invest in flexibility. They know they can adapt to pert.” It is all too easy for a team to give up the design only what is needed to whatever circumstances they encounter. responsibility for their work to the coach. comfortably support today’s sto- ries. Racing Dive Finding Your Style • Stories—plan and track in incre- Teams that want quick results and Each of these strategies has its place. ments of business functionality. • Ten-minute Build—automatically are willing to trust outsiders often turn Since people have very different appetites build and test as much of the sys- to XP coaches to learn a new style of for change; a team may not even agree on tem as you can in ten minutes. working without the chaotic splash. A which strategy they are using—after all, • Continuous Integration—inte- good coach can smooth out the rough one man’s toe dip is another man’s cannon- grate your changes with the shared edges of your team’s entry and save you ball. Here are some questions to help you code every couple of hours at some of the pain of learning. By “diving find a style and pace of change that will most. in” with professional support, teams that meet your needs. Taking the time to think • Energized Work—work and live so you can bring energy to your work. use a professional coach still experience about and discuss these issues will smooth 13 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
  • 14.                                                                  14 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
  • 15. your transition. related to that change. It takes awareness had little motivation to change their style • How quickly do you need results? and persistence to stick with a change and of work until the programmers had demon- • How dramatic do they need to be? follow through on its consequences in the strated improvement. Programmers had to • What is the budget for outside help? face of pressure from those around you to get started with the parts of XP that were make their lives “easier” by changing back. purely technical: test-first programming, An antidote to chang- pair programming, continuous integration, ing back is being account- incremental design. If you are a program- Flotation Devices able to a supportive com- mer wanting No matter where you start, these devices will Lane Markers munity. If the whole team support for help you make the change to XP successfully. Guiding principles to decides that they are going changing 1. Read XP Explained, 2nd Edition. This will keep your project glid- to integrate their changes your style of give you a shared vocabulary for the tech- ing along: every hour, and how often work, show • Human speed—peo- niques you are about to try. 2. Share what you have learned with others. people integrate is public why the ple can only change Change happens best with the support of a knowledge, it’s much easier change is so fast. When that like-minded community. to keep integrating often good both for speed is exceeded, 3. Make a public commitment to change. Call- even if it feels uncomfort- you and for they revert. ing your shot in public is a great motivator to able or seems inconvenient. those from • Self-interest—peo- stick with it when it gets hard. Even if you are the only one whom you ple need to see why 4. Make a plan for your changes. XP-style making a change, you will want support. the changes are in planning is a good way to prioritize when find it easier if you partici- Share the their best interest. you have many changes to make all at once. pate in an online commu- benefits you • Grow or die— Start with the area you can best leverage. nity or attend your local know about change must spread through an organiza- area user’s group meeting. and what you tion. If not, those In time, rhythm replaces have learned • How strong are the relationships both who have changed strength. from others. within the team and also between the will be forced to team and the rest of the organization? Where you need to go to get support Get a com- recant or leave. will be very different depending on your mitment for • Safety—people need Regardless of the style you choose, position in the organization and where the a trial. When to feel safe. They once you make a change, beware of the impetus for change began. In the early days you have tried need organizational pressure to change back. When you make of XP, almost all those wanting to apply it the change, support through both a change, it puts a strain on surround- were programmers out to improve their report back to the hiccups and the ing people, resources, and organizations successes. own work. Project managers and customers your support- 1 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
  • 16. ers about how it went and what you would of them reminds you of times you’ve been Software development has just begun to like to do next. especially effective at software develop- create value in business. These improve- Increasingly, it is the business spon- ment, embrace it. Try it out yourself. Find ments are available to you as soon as you sors who are asking for XP because they a buddy to try it with. Convince the team begin applying XP. want to be able to see clearly into their to try it early. The result will be a change projects, to detect problems early, and to process that intentionally meets your AUTHOR BIOS: Kent Beck has programmed for be able to manage the scope of the system needs, instead of one driven solely by other thirty years. He lives in rural southern Oregon as it evolves. For customers, the first prac- people’s agendas. with his wife (and co-author) Cynthia Andres, tices to implement might be those related Whatever your circumstances— four of their five children, and a variable num- to planning: weekly and quarterly planning, whether you go in fast or slow, whether ber of domestic fowl. stories, and slack. To improve on-time deliv- you make a big splash or just a few ripples, Cynthia Andres has spent twenty years eries, the technical people on the team will whether you have help or not—XP has observing the evolution of programming need to begin applying the technical prac- something to offer you. Now is the time to culture. She works as a change facilitator. tices, but establishing a shared understand- get started. Find a style of improvement She is co-author of Extreme Programming ing of the evolving scope of the system can that suits you and begin the process today. Explained: Embrace Change 2nd edition. be a big step toward working together. Some people are in the position of being forced to apply XP. If this describes you, you’ll need to decide how you are going to treat XP. You can resist or you can make XP your own. Here is the case for try- InsideAgile ™ Immersive Training Project Delivery ing XP when your instincts compel you to resist. One of the principles in XP is mutual “XP is more craft than science; it is only truly benefit. As Gandhi said, “Only that solution learned by experience.” Brian Robertson is just that is in the best interest of all par- Work hand-in-hand with our Agile experts to ties.” Changing to XP will likely be uncom- deliver your high priority project. Avoid the pitfalls. Experience an environment where fortable at times, but it should serve your Agile thrives. Visit www.InsideAgile.com interests as well as those of the team and the whole organization. Take advantage of the opportunity to use XP to improve your own work and practice. Take a look at the practices listed in “XP’s Safe Starts.” If one The best way to learn Agile is to live it! 16 AgileDevelopment | Spring 2006
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