The document provides an overview of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems used in power system management. It discusses:
1) SCADA allows remote monitoring and control of equipment by collecting data from devices in the field and presenting it for user-friendly monitoring and analysis.
2) In power systems, SCADA is used to monitor generation stations, substations, transmission lines to efficiently manage the system.
3) Key components include RTUs (Remote Terminal Units) that interface with field devices to collect data, communication networks to transmit data to control centers, and HMI software for operators.
1. Welcome S C A D A S UPERVISORY C ONTROL A ND D ATA A CQUISITION K.J.THOMAS , Asst:Exe:Engineer, T elecommunication N etwork M anagement S ystem Sub Division , Kalamassery, Kerala Ph:0484 2555950(O),2543875® For Power System Management Presentation on
13. Efficient Management of the Power System, the Load Dispatcher requires Live Data from ** All Generating Stations ** All Important Sub Stations – All 400 Kv & 220 Kv Stations ** All Interstate Lines – 110 Kv Stations with Interstate Lines ** Conditions in the neighboring states and regions
14. Data to be Monitored Power : MW Reactive Power : MVAR Voltage : KV Frequency : Hz Current : Amps Transformer Tap : Position Number C. B Position : Status Indication Isolator Position : Status Indication Earth switch : Status Indication
15. Parameters Te Be Monitored and the Transmission Methods Analogue Values Digital Values MW, MVAR, V, F, Tap Position, I etc CB Position, Isolator Position, SOE Points, Relay Indications
16. Different Types of TRANSDUCERS Processor & Controller mA I N P U T S Serial Digital Data
17. Transmission Circuits CT PT MW Transducer MVAR Transducer Voltage Transducer 4 to 20 mA 4 to 20 mA 4 to 20 mA 4 to 20 mA 4 to 20 mA 4 to 20 mA
19. WESDAC D20 RTU WITH pSOS as Operating system D20 M A I N D20 S 64 INPUTS D20 A 32 INPUTS D20 K 64 OUTPUTS Based on Motorola MC 68020, 32 bit Processor Separate Processor for each Peripheral Modules
27. Now Our Requirement is Tx/Rx the Digital Serial Data From the RTU to the FEP through a Communication Media Digital Communication Media Analogue Communication Media
29. PLCC Fundamentals P L C C Analogue AF Signal 300Hz To 4000Hz RF Signal Output In the Range of 50KHz to 500 KHz
30. Data Speech Dialing Protection Data Speech Dialing Protection Co-axial Output Cable Tx Signal Rx Signal AF Input Card AF Filter Card AF to IF AF to RF Hybrid Tx Amplifier AF Input Card AF Filter Card AF to IF AF to RF Tx Amplifier
31. 220 KV Power Transmission Line Drainage Coil Coupling Capacitor COUPLING TO POWER LINE Drainage Coil To Power Equipment Wave Trap Wave Trap P L C C LMU 50 Hz KHz KHz L.A E.S 2200 Pf 0.5 mH 2 mH Coupling Capacitor P L C C LMU
32. Impendence Offered by the CC to Power Frequency = Zcp = 1/2 ¶FC = Very High Impendence Offered by the CC to RF Signal = Zcs = 1/2 ¶FC = Very Low Impendence Offered by the DC to Power Frequency = Zdp = 2 ¶FL = Very Low Impendence Offered by the DC to RF Signal = Zds = 2 ¶FL = Very High CC :- Coupling Capacitor DC :- Drainage Coil
33. KHz 70mA Very Low Voltage at this point RF Signal This Earthing is Very Important
34. RTU FSK MODEM F FSK MODEM FEP Digital FSK Signal Digital FSK Signal P L C C P L C C
37. Sampling Theorom Samples must be taken at a frequency at least T wice the frequency of the maximum frequency of the Signal to be Digitised Our Maximum Frequency to be transmitted is 4 KHz Sampling Rate = 8 KHz Sampling Period = 1/8000 = 125 µS
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40. Samples 8 Bit ADC One Sample BIT Width ~ 0.48 µS SAMPLE Width = 3.9 µS
41. V1 V2 V3 V32 125 µS 8 Bit V1-S1 8 Bit V1-S2 Sampling and Digitising Sampling and Digitising Sampling and Digitising Sampling and Digitising
42. 8 Bit V2-S1 8 Bit V3-S1 8 Bit V2-S2 8 Bit V3-S2 V32-S1 125 µS SPEED = NO: Bits per Second One Frame TS 0 TS 2 TS 31 Speed of a Single Time Slot = 8 x 8000 = 64, 000 Bits/s = 64 Kbps Speed of a Full Frame = 64,000 x 32 = 2048000 Bits/S = 2 Mbps 8 Bit V1-S1 8 Bit V1-S2
43. First Order Terminal Multiplexer - MUX TS0 TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 2 Mbps Data Circuits Speech Circuits
44. TS0 TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 2 Mbps Data Circuits Speech Circuits TS5 TS4 TS3 TS2 TS1 TS0 2 Mbps First Order Drop / Insert Multiplexer - D/I MUX
45. P C M R A C R A C C H S U R G P A C N C C P C M D U M M Y D U M M Y R G P A DROP / INSERT MUX
49. FO FO User Channels, Speech or Data 2 Mb WB Network MUX D/I MUX D/I MUX
50. Optic Fiber Communication Cladding Core Jacket 250 Mm 125 Mm Fiber is formed from Silica rods. Fiber is coated with an acrylic coating to protect the glass
51. OPTICAL SIGNAL TRANSMISSION A B Electrical Signal Optical Fiber cable Optical Transmitter Optical Receiver Acceptance cone
52. OF Communication in Power System The POWER TRANSMISSION TOWER IS USED FOR OF Cabling