2. NATURAL RESOURCES

3.  ON THE BASIS OF ORIGIN:
BIOTIC RESOURCES
ABIOTIC RESOURCES

4. ON THE BASIS OF EXHAUSTIBILITY:
RENEWABLE RESOURCES
NON – RENEWABLE RESOURCES

5.  INDIVIDUAL RESOURCES
 COMMUNITY OWNED RESOURCES
 NATIONAL RESOURCES
 INTERNATIONAL RESOURCES

6. INDIVIDUAL RESOURCES
Resources owned by individuals are called
Individual Resources. For example – land
owned by farmers, house, etc.

7. COMMUNITY OWNED RESOURCES
Resources owned by community or
society are called Community Owned
Resources. For example –
Graveyard, grazing land, ponds, burial
grounds, park, etc.

8. Resources owned by Individual Nations are
called National Resources. For example –
Government land, Roads, canals, railway, etc.

9. Resources regulate by
International bodies are called
International Resources. For
example – Ocean and sea
beyond 200 km of the Exclusive
Economic Zone and is called
open sea or ocean. No
individual country can utilize
these resources without the
permission of International
bodies.

10. ON THE BASIS OF STATUS
OF DEVELOPMENT:
POTENTIAL RESOURCES
DEVELOPED RESOURCES
STOCK
RESERVE

11. DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES
It is the process of developing the resources in order to
make them useful for satisfying human wants. Some
resources cannot be used directly. They have to be
processed to make them useful for satisfying our wants.
Ex: Land has to be cleared and
ploughed for growing crops. Water has to be taken to
the field to irrigate.

12. .

14. Keeping the view of justified use of resources and sustainable
development, the Earth Summit was organized in 1992 in Rio de
Janeiro in which more than 100 state heads agreed with Agenda
21 for the sustainable development and proper use of resources.
Agenda 21 is an agenda to combat environmental
damage, poverty, disease, etc. through global co-operation on
common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities.

17.  Planned use of resources in order to meet the
present needs and to store a part for the future
generations is called resource conservation.
It is necessary because
1) Many resources are non-
renewable and exhaustible. If we conserve them we
can use them for a longer period of time.
2) Conservation of resources
helps us to reduce wastage. It will help in economic
progress.
3) Resource conservation helps
us to protect the environment.

27. i

29. BLACK SOILS

30. RED SOILS

32. LATERITE SOILS

33.  The word laterite originated from the Latin word
later which means brick.
 Laterite soil is formed due to intense leaching
caused by tropical rainfall.
 Humus content is less because the micro-
organisms get destroyed due to high temperature.
 This soil can be cultivated by using manure and
fertilizers. It is good for the cultivation of tea,
coffee and cashew nut. It is found in Kerala,
Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa
and Assam.


34. ARID (DESERT) SOILS

35.  Arid soils are red or brown in colour. They are
sandy and saline.
 Humus and moisture contents are very less. They
can be cultivated after irrigation.
 Kankar layer in the soil prevent the water from
seeping under ground.

36. FOREST SOILS

37.  Forest soils are found in hilly and mountainous
regions.
 They are loamy and silty in valleys and coarse in
the upper slopes.
 In Himalayas they suffer denudation and are acidic
with low humus content.
 The soils found in the lower slopes of the valley
are fertile.

39.  Removal of top soil from one place to
another by natural agencies is called soil
erosion.
 It is caused by running water and wind.
 Deforestation, over grazing and
unscientific agricultural practices are
responsible for large scale soil erosion.

40.  The rain water when moves down on an uneven
land scoops away the soil and form deep channels
called gullies. This type of erosion is called gully
erosion.
 A land which is broken into many small parts by
the gullies is called bad land. A bad land is unfit for
cultivation and for other economic activities.

42.  Some times water flows as a sheet over large
areas down a slope. The water takes away the top
soil. This type of erosion is called sheet erosion.