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Parthenon Marbles:
Adopted or Kidnapped?
                            Vanessa Dojaquez


                        1
2
[Extra] Brief History
(more of a refresher really.)

Lord Elgin Receives a Firman

“to dig, and to take away
any pieces of stone
inscriptions or figures”

Elgin used bribes to get
them out of the country and
sold to the British Museum
(1816)
                                HTTP://WWW.COLORIBUS.COM

                            3
Have I
 lost my
 marbles?
The British Museum has:
247ft of frieze
15 metopes
17 pedimental figures
various architecture
(~1/2 of the Parthenon    HTTP://WWW.PARTHENONMARBLESAUSTRALIA.ORG.AU
Collection)


                               4
The British Side
Elgin’s firman was           The British Museum
legitimate                  has been their
                            protector over the
The Marbles are safer       ages
in London than they
are in Athens               Returning them would
                            set a bad precedent




                        5
The British Side (cont.)
The Greeks then were
not the same Greeks
as today

The Marbles are a part
of British heritage now

The Marbles are an
important part of the
British Museum                  ACROPOLIS, ATHENS, 447-432 BC
                              HEAD OF A HORSE OF SELENE FROM THE
                               EAST PEDIMENT OF THE PARTHENON

                          6
The Greek Side
Elgin misinterpreted       British cleaning and
the firman                  pollution have
                           damaged them
Elgin exploited his
position                   Greece is only asking
                           for the Marbles, none
The Marbles are            of their other
crucial to Greek           antiquities
heritage
                           Increase tourism


                       7
Legal Status
Britain avoids legal actions
at all costs

The UNESCO Convention
(1970)

The UNIDROIT (The
International Institute for the
Unification of Private Law)
(1995)
                                  CENTRAL SCENE OF THE EAST FRIEZE OF
There is no law concerning                  THE PARTHENON
repatriation                      THE ACROPOLIS, ATHENS, GREECE, ABOUT
                                              438-432 BC

                            8
Who would have to
agree?
The British Museum         Greece

City of London             UNESCO

The United Kingdom/        International Council
House of Parliament        of Museums

The Acropolis Museum       Greek Hellenic Ministry
                           of Culture
City of Athens



                       9
Legal
British Museum Act of
1963

International attention
has not waned

Annex Solution?
                                 THE ACROPOLIS, ATHENS, GREECE,
                                ABOUT 438-432 BC YOUNG COW AND
                               HERDSMEN FROM THE SOUTH FRIEZE OF
                                        THE PARTHENON



                          10
Supporters of
  Repatriation
UNESCO (United Nations
Educational, Scientific, and
Cultural Organization)
European Union
His Royal Highness the Prince
of Wales
US President Bill Clinton        MELINA MERCOURI IN FRONT OF THE
                                           PARTHENON
Melina Mercouri
Italy/Vatican City
                            11
“If it would be me, I would
give them back
immediately”
                - Bill Clinton


“The only thing British about [the marbles] is that
fact that one of our ambassadors filched them.”


  - Chris Price, Chairman of the
  Committee for the Reunification for                       GREEK, ABOUT 438-32 BC
  the Parthenon Marbles                                  ACROPOLIS, ATHENS, GREECE
                                                      HORSEMEN FROM THE WEST FRIEZE OF
                                                              THE PARTHENON


                                               12
1999
Symposium
     Let them rot?
           v.
Scraping Away History?
                              HTTP://FLICKRHIVEMIND.NET




                         13
14

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Parthenon marbles

  • 1. Parthenon Marbles: Adopted or Kidnapped? Vanessa Dojaquez 1
  • 2. 2
  • 3. [Extra] Brief History (more of a refresher really.) Lord Elgin Receives a Firman “to dig, and to take away any pieces of stone inscriptions or figures” Elgin used bribes to get them out of the country and sold to the British Museum (1816) HTTP://WWW.COLORIBUS.COM 3
  • 4. Have I lost my marbles? The British Museum has: 247ft of frieze 15 metopes 17 pedimental figures various architecture (~1/2 of the Parthenon HTTP://WWW.PARTHENONMARBLESAUSTRALIA.ORG.AU Collection) 4
  • 5. The British Side Elgin’s firman was The British Museum legitimate has been their protector over the The Marbles are safer ages in London than they are in Athens Returning them would set a bad precedent 5
  • 6. The British Side (cont.) The Greeks then were not the same Greeks as today The Marbles are a part of British heritage now The Marbles are an important part of the British Museum ACROPOLIS, ATHENS, 447-432 BC HEAD OF A HORSE OF SELENE FROM THE EAST PEDIMENT OF THE PARTHENON 6
  • 7. The Greek Side Elgin misinterpreted British cleaning and the firman pollution have damaged them Elgin exploited his position Greece is only asking for the Marbles, none The Marbles are of their other crucial to Greek antiquities heritage Increase tourism 7
  • 8. Legal Status Britain avoids legal actions at all costs The UNESCO Convention (1970) The UNIDROIT (The International Institute for the Unification of Private Law) (1995) CENTRAL SCENE OF THE EAST FRIEZE OF There is no law concerning THE PARTHENON repatriation THE ACROPOLIS, ATHENS, GREECE, ABOUT 438-432 BC 8
  • 9. Who would have to agree? The British Museum Greece City of London UNESCO The United Kingdom/ International Council House of Parliament of Museums The Acropolis Museum Greek Hellenic Ministry of Culture City of Athens 9
  • 10. Legal British Museum Act of 1963 International attention has not waned Annex Solution? THE ACROPOLIS, ATHENS, GREECE, ABOUT 438-432 BC YOUNG COW AND HERDSMEN FROM THE SOUTH FRIEZE OF THE PARTHENON 10
  • 11. Supporters of Repatriation UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) European Union His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales US President Bill Clinton MELINA MERCOURI IN FRONT OF THE PARTHENON Melina Mercouri Italy/Vatican City 11
  • 12. “If it would be me, I would give them back immediately” - Bill Clinton “The only thing British about [the marbles] is that fact that one of our ambassadors filched them.” - Chris Price, Chairman of the Committee for the Reunification for GREEK, ABOUT 438-32 BC the Parthenon Marbles ACROPOLIS, ATHENS, GREECE HORSEMEN FROM THE WEST FRIEZE OF THE PARTHENON 12
  • 13. 1999 Symposium Let them rot? v. Scraping Away History? HTTP://FLICKRHIVEMIND.NET 13
  • 14. 14

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