Saving Energy With Smart Cabling

Saving Energy With 'Smart' Cabling

Mike Cooper, RCDD
Systems Application Engineer, Netconnect Data Center Solutions
mike.cooper@tycoelectronics.com

October 31, 2007


What is “smart” cabling?

• High bandwidth cabling?

• High density cabling?

• Intelligent cabling?

• Well designed cabling?

Information is Tyco Electronics Confidential & Proprietary
Do Not Reproduce or Distribute page 2 / October 31, 2007

Impact of Power Density

• Power Density is increasing on average 15-20% per year within the
data Center
– Individual server power density
– IT Technology refresh activity
– Server footprint

• Methods of measuring efficiency within the DC are outdated
– Watts/sq meter are no longer useful in deciding server
deployment strategies

• Key to success is balancing infrastructure investments with IT goals
model


Power- Where is it Going?

Reducing Data Center power consumption is a multi-faceted challenge. All
areas need to be addressed to maximize data center compute capacity and
minimize power costs.

Netw ork Equip,
12%
Server, 25% Cooling, 50%

Pw r Loss, 10%

Lighting, 3%
Sources: EYP Mission Critical Facilities, Cisco IT, Network World, Customer Interviews, APC

NOTE: Industry rule of thumb is that approx 25% of Data Center Power goes to
networking equipment and typically includes cooling and power requirements.


Application Cabling Power Measurements

How much power use is direct from the network?

• Power consumption due to Ethernet links

• Power measurement of
– LAN switch
– 1000 Base-T NIC



• Power use measurement
– 24-port LAN switch
– No. of Active configured links

# ports 10 Mb/sec 100 Mb/sec 1000 Mb/sec

0 69.1 W 69.1 W 69.1 W

2 70.2 70.1 72.9

4 71.1 70.0 76.7

6 71.6 71.1 80.2

8 71.9 71.9 83.7

10 and 100 Mb/sec At 1000 Mb/sec it is about
are about the same 1.8 W added per active link


• Power use measurements

Idle Link (no activity)

Rate Current Voltage Power

(Mb/s) (mA) (V) (W) Measured at PCI bus (DC)
1000 770 5.08 3.91
Active Link (file transfer)
100 224 5.11 1.14
10 130 5.11 .664
Rate Current Voltage Power

(Mb/s) (mA) (V) (W)
Difference between 1000 and
10 Mb/sec is about 3.2 W 1000 768 5.08 3.90

100 224 5.11 1.14
No significant difference between
10 124 5.11 .633
idle and active link

Current application benefits

• Density, modularity & performance
on equipment and in infrastructure

• MRJ21™ provides Hi-D Green GbE
Euro
– Connector: 1/3 -1/4 RJ45 cassette
MPO
– Cable: 30% smaller, 20% lighter MRJ21™

• 1 cable vs. wrapped 6-cable bundle 1.14”x.74”
– Eco-Friendly 6 GbE ports

– All components permanent link tested,
documented and serialized
– Pwr: 7-15% less than RJ45 in 2x ports
– 10G Shielded Version in process


Network Vendors with Hi-Density GbE Equipment

• Alcatel • Shanghai Electronics
– OmniSwitch • Stratex Networks
– Lucent • Tellabs / Vivace
Foundry BigIron RX-4,8, & 16
– TiMetra • UT Starcom 48 GbE ports/card
• Barco Xenia
• EIT
• EntriSphere
• Foundry Networks
Alcatel OmniSwitch
• Force10 Networks NI48 card

• Fujitsu
• IBM IBM eServer
BladeCenter Copper Pass-
• Motorola Force10 E1200 thru module
90 GbE ports/card 15 GbE ports
• NMS Communications
• Proworks Note: The vendors listed and shown have publicly launched MRJ21
equipment into the marketplace. Vendors not listed should be
contacted directly for program status updates.


10G Base-T Application Cabling Power

• 10GB-T PHY optimized for 100m UTP Cabling
– 15-20W (in 90nm) (1000B-T: 500mW)
– Problem for High Density Line Cards, PCI Cards, MBs
– 2.5us latency (1000B-T: 250ns)
– Too high for some High Performance Applications, Fibre Channel,
InfiniBand
– Power Hungry AFE (Analog Front End)
– 50% of Power is in AFE

• Not likely to improve much over time
– Large percentage of the power is in the AFE
– Power reductions in smaller process geometries are questionable


10G Base-T Application Cabling Power

• Summary of power measurements

15
Power use (W)

10

5

0
10 100 1000 10000

10G Base-T is a power concern speed (Mb/sec)
Link

g00.xls

10G Base-T Application Shielded Cabling
Power
• Power Dissipation • Short Reach
– 3W Typical, 4W Worst Case – 30m on STP/FTP Cable (field
• Latency configurable)
– Less than 500ns – 2 Connector, 3 Links Segments
– Goal of 250ns – Goal of 45m
• Low Cost • Auto Negotiation Compatible
– Significant SNR Margin – RJ-45 Connector
(1000B-T: 10dB) – Backwards Compatible with 100B-T /
– Demonstrable Design of 1M Gates 1000B-T over UTP
(2x 1000B-T)


Characteristics of Data Center Cabling

• 90% of Links are in Server Rooms Less Than 1,524 m^2 (5,000’)
(100% <= 30m)

• 5% of Links are in S. Rooms Between 1,524 m^2 and 6,096 m^2 (5,000’~20,000’)
(80% <= 30m)

• 5% of Links are in Server Rooms Greater Than 6,096 m^2 (20,000’)
(55% <= 30m)

• => 97% Coverage with 30m

• => 99% Coverage with 45m


10G Base-T Application Shielded Cabling
Power
• Networking power consumption is a significant portion of energy use
in data Centers.

• Other elements within the data Center can modulate power
to required performance

• Installing shielded cabling can allow the reduction of Network power
requirements for 10G Base-T by up to 75%


Energy Efficient Ethernet

• Past / current practice
– Design for maximum performance and ensure maximum power
condition can be powered / cooled.

• Future practice needs
– Design for normal usage, ensuring maximum energy efficiency at
that operating point
– Lower energy use at lower utilization
– Design for minimum energy usage over operational lifetime



• 1 Gb/s
– Most NIC’s and most energy to be saved
– Substantial benefits for homes and offices
– Battery life benefit for notebooks

• 10 Gb/s (copper)
– Reduces power burden in data centers
– Reduces cooling burden in data centers
– May increase switch/router port capacity



• Imagine:

• Some means of changing PHY speed for major copper PHY’s:

– Change between 1000BASE-T & 100BASE-TX based on actual
utilization.
– Change between 10GBASE-T & 1000BASE-T based on actual
utilization.



• Potential estimated energy savings:
• Commercial (Office)
– PCs, switches, printers, etc.
– 1.47 to 2.21 TWh/year
– $283 to $522 million/year
• Data Centers
– Servers, storage, switches, routers, etc.
– 0.53 to 1.05 TWh/year
– $106 to $211 million/year


Next Generation Ethernet Networks

• In the Data Center 10 GbE has
Server
penetrated into the access layer Farms

much faster than in the traditional
network environment A B

Edge
• Adoption of 10GbE on the server
infrastructure will drive the need for
Core
100GbE uplinks from the access to
the core of the data centers.

Storage/Tape Farms



Fiber Copper

~2W Power Consumption ~8-15W

Cooling Requirements

Transceiver Size

$ Data Center Area $$$$



•New high density MPO transceivers
•For40 Gb/s, commercially available
today
•12 channels running at BER <10-12,
link length 316m using OM3 fibre
•Utilizing 12 core ribbon fibre cable
•12 channels, 9.9-11.0 Gb/s/channel
tester designed and built.



• Fibre Optic Transceiver Power estimates
– High Bandwidth
– Low Power

# Channels # Transceivers per Total Gb/s per board Total W per board
board

10 3 300 12*

6 24 2,400 60*

8 - 12 12 1,200 30*

4 - 10 12 1,200 30*

* Based on Existing 850nm lasers



What is “smart” cabling?

• Cabling Technology that allows the support of new technologies at
low power consumption.

• Cabling that is forward compatible with data center technology
trends.

• Cabling that utilises new connector technologies that will be
compatible with the next generation interconnects.

• Cabling solutions that provide a positive impact in the power vs.
bandwidth battle.


Thank You!

October 31, 2007

Saving Energy With Smart Cabling

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