2. R.I.P.
Serhiy Nigoyan is among the first persons who were shot in
Kyiv at the time of their demonstrations
www.pravda.com.ua
3. Introduction
Part 1 (Current presentation):
Most known opposition activists/journalists:
•What is Ukraine?
•Georgiy Gongsdze
•Yulia Tymoshenko (nee Yulia Grigyan)
•Identity formation?
•Savik Shuster (Shevelis Shusteris)
– Historical insights
•Mustafa Nayem
•Serhiy Nigiyan
Do this names sound Ukrainian?
•Post-USSR times
Part 2 (Video conference):
•What is happening now in Ukraine?
•Questions and Answers
4. Map of Europe
Here is Ukraine
wikipedia.org: San Jose (map), Hayden120 (retouch)
6. Ukraine vs. Germany
Ukraine
Germany
Area
603 km2
357 km2
Population (million)
44.84
80.58
GDP (PPP), USD
7 422
40 757
GDP (nominal), USD
3 862
45 925
One way bus ticket, EUR
0.2
2.0
Germany
Ukraine
12 times!!!
7. What does “Ukraine” mean?
Original name: Rus’ (Kyiv Rus’)
Internationally: Ruthenia (Red,
While, Black)
First time mentioned as “Oukraina”
in 1187 – Meaning “Borderland”
People: Ruthenians, Rusyn
- later: Cossacks, Ukrainians
28. What is special about Ukraine?
The widely accepted theory of the Proto-Indo-European homeland
places it in Eastern Ukraine
Proposed in 1950
Early w:Yamna culture (4000–3500 BC)
About 2500 BC
About 1000 BC
wikipedia.org: Dbachmann
29. Genetic evidence of this theory
Evidence of the Proposed Hypothesis found in 1999
Frequency distribution of R1a1a adapted from Underhill et al (2009)
wikipedia.org: User:Hxseek
30. What else is special about
Ukraine? against government
It is known for its permanent demonstrations
http://www.novayagazeta.ru: Evheniy Feldman
31. But we will talk about it later
http://www.novayagazeta.ru: Evheniy Feldman
75. On the way to the lost Identity
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Deportation of Greeks and Armenians (18 cent.)
Liquidation of Cossacks (18 cent.)
German resettlement (18 cent.)
Serbo-Croatian resettlement (18 cent.)
Deportation of Nogai people (19 cent.)
Holodomor (a man-made famine, 1932-1933)
Holocaust (1941-1943)
Deportation of Crimean Tatar and Germans (1945)
Polish-Ukrainian population exchange (1947)
Return of Crimean Tatars (1989 – now)
76. • Empty settlements were resettled/colonized
by new people (mostly Ukrainians)
• New people had no interest in the past history
of their new homelands
• It was during the time of a strong influence of
Russian empire/USSR
People have lost their identity and
understanding of the homeland
83. Modern Ukraine
• Independence from the USSR: 1991
– Economical collapse
– Cultural recovery
Dilemma of the lost identity
• No responsibility corruption
• Three key freedoms:
1.Personal freedom
2.Economical freedom
3.Social responsibility
84. Freedom 1: Personal freedom
• Achieved
• As a result of the collapse of USSR
• Cultural recovery, starting from Perestroika
(end of 1980s)
– End of political repressions
– Return of deported nations (Crimean Tatars)
– End of religious and cultural repressions
– Freedom of Mass media
97. Freedom 2: Economical freedom
• Failed (from 1991 until 2000)
• As a result of the collapse of USSR
• No state owner no responsibility
– Corruption
– Mafia and Oligarchs
• No interest in “Freedom 3” as long as life is
survival
– Need for a “strong” leader
1.
2.
3.
Personal freedom
Economical freedom
Social responsibility
98. Freedom 2: Economical freedom
(against corruption)
GDP real annual growth rate since 1990
President Kuchma was selected
99. Freedom 2: Economical freedom
(against corruption)
• Start of recovery (from 2000 until 2004)
• Interest in “Freedom 3”
– Life not survival anymore
– Need for elimination of corruption
– Thoughts about fair future (Western vs. Post
Soviet)
1.
2.
3.
Personal freedom
Economical freedom
Social responsibility
100. Freedom 2: Economical freedom
(against corruption)
GDP real annual growth rate since 1990
President Kuchma was selected
Orange revolution
First demonstrations against the President (Kuchma)
101. Freedom 2: Economical freedom
(against corruption)
• Recovery failed (from 2005 until 2009)
• From 2008 (world economic crisis) – no more
interest in “Freedom 3”
– Life is survival again
– Need for a strong leader
– Yanukovych wins fair presidential elections
1.
2.
3.
Personal freedom
Economical freedom
Social responsibility
102. Freedom 2: Economical freedom
(against corruption)
GDP real annual growth rate since 1990
?
President Kuchma was selected
Orange revolution
First demonstrations
against Yanukovych
First demonstrations against the President (Kuchma)
President Yanukovych was selected
103. Freedom 2: Economical freedom
(against corruption)
• Recovery failed (from 2010 until now)
• Economy recovered from the crisis
– Interest in “Freedom 3” again
– Need for elimination of corruption
– Thoughts about fair future (EU vs. Post Soviet)
1.
2.
3.
Personal freedom
Economical freedom
Social responsibility
104. Freedom 2: Economical freedom
(against corruption)
GDP real annual growth rate since 1990
?
President Kuchma was selected
Orange revolution
First demonstrations
against Yanukovych
First demonstrations against the President (Kuchma)
President Yanukovych was selected
105. Ukrainian dilemma
Western Ukraine: life in EU is much better
Eastern Ukraine: life in Custom Union is much
better
Poland
Russia
Belarus
Ukraine
106. As a result: Social collapse
Independence of Ukraine
wikipedia.org: LokiiT