Montenegro Foster Care Survey Insights

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The Home of Researchers
2014

Methodology
• Ad hoc face-to-face survey with interviewing performed at respondents’ home
• Data collected on representative sample for population of Montenegro citizens aged 18 and more
• Target population size is: 474 655
• Sample size is : 1031 (with 130 sampling points)
• Sample type: stratified 3-staged probability sample with sampling stages :
─ Unit of the first stage - Polling station territory – approximately size of 200 HH (PPS with probabilities proportional to size)
─ Unit of the second stage- Households by random route technique starting from the given addresses (SRSWoR)
─ Unit of the third stage – Households member with same probability (SRSWoR) – Kish scheme
• Stratification is done according to:
─ Type of settlement – urban/rural
─ 4 geo-economic regions
• Post stratification is performed regarding: gender, age, type of settlement, geo-economical region
• Fieldwork control is done in 12% of totally interviewed in all strata proportionally to sample size, and logic and consistency
control of collected data is performed in 100% of cases
• Period of data collection: from 1st – 5th February 2014.
• 95% confidence interval for incidence of 5% is +/- 1.2%
4

Sample
5
48
52
22
17
19
27
15
21
60
19
28
47
25
64
36
Male
Female
18-29
30-39
40-49
50-64
65+
Primaryandless
Secondary
College,
university
North
Center
South
Urban
Other
Gender Age Education Region
Type of
settlement

6
Awareness of forms of
protecting children
without parental care
2

12%
10%
6%
4%
3%
3%
52%
2%
4%
5%
3%
7%
9%
60 %
Center for social work
State/ state institutions
Municipality
Safe house
Family/ relatives/ close
persons
NGO
Montenegrin Government
Providing support by the state for those who are at risk of abandoning the child
7
Do you think that the state helps sufficiently
family/individual person/mother who are at risk of
abandoning the child due to various
problems/circumstances?
Whom can such family / individual / mother turn to for
help?
Base: Total target population.
Do you think that the state helps sufficiently family/individual
person/mother who are at risk of abandoning the child due to various
problems circumstances?
Multiple responses; Base: Total target population.
Whom can such family / individual / mother turn to for help?
Open ended
17%
5%
73%
21%
6%
78%
No
Yes
Don't know
Statistically significant difference on the level of 0.05 relative to
previous wave

The reasons for the separation of the child from the family
8
48%
47%
25%
20%
1%
68%
47%
42%
25%
19%
58%Poor financial situation and
living conditions of the family
Family violence
Negligence and reluctance of
parents to raise their children
Illness of parents
Insufficient support of the state
and competent institutions
Other
2012
2014
Multiple responses; Base: Total target population
Why do you think that children are usually separated from family?
previous wave

Mentioned forms of protection of children without parental care by the
state
9
68%
35%
27%
2%
1%
63%
65%
46%
29%
2%
69%Placing the child in institutions
of social and child protection
(children's homes)
Adoption
Foster care
Guardianship
Other
None
2012
2014
To start with, please try to recall all forms of protection and ways the state can use to provide for or protect children without
parents and without proper parental care?
previous wave

Knowledge about foster care
10
Base: Total target population
All things considered, how informed do you consider yourself about foster care – what it involves, what the
legal regulations and procedures are like..?
26%
45%
71%
25%
4%
3%
1%
19%
36%
55%
38%
7%
6%
1%
I don't know anything
about foster care
I know a little about
foster care
I KNOW LITTLE
I know something about
foster care
I KNOW A LOT
I know much about
foster care
I know very much about
foster care
2012
2014
previous wave

Perception of foster care
11
20%
10%
8%
6%
5%
3%
2%
5%
24%
26%
20%
13%
19%
8%
4%
5%
3%
3%
8%
27%
Caring for a child, helping a child
Temporary child care, helping a child
Temporary accommodation / care about the
child in own home
Accommodation/ care of the child in own
home
Child support (provision of food, clothing and
shoes for the child / child education
expenses)
Receiving monthly compensation from the
state for the care of the child
Taking care of the child's education and
health
The same/ similar to adoption
Other
Don't know / Refuse
2012
2014
Multiple answers; Base: Total target population
In your opinion, what is fostering?
Open ended
previous wave

Perception of foster care - Yes
12
57%
49%
42%
88%
79%
62%
46%
81%
Foster care is a temporary care about the child
Foster parent can be a total stranger to the
child
Biological parents of the child placed in foster
family have the right and obligation to
maintain personal relations with the child
family have the right and obligation to make
decisions important for the child together with
foster parents
2012
2014
Now I will read to you some statements. Please tell me whether you think that they are
right or not.
previous wave

Perception of foster care – No
13
33%
28%
9%
11%
36%
23%
6%
33%
Foster parent can be a total stranger to the
child
family have the right and obligation to make
decisions important for the child together with
foster parents
family have the right and obligation to
maintain personal relations with the child
Foster care is temporary care about the child
2012
2014
Now I will read to you some statements. Please tell me whether you think that they are right
or not.
previous wave

Perception of foster care – obligations of foster parents towards the child
14
73%
66%
64%
64%
21%
22%
3%
87%
83%
55%
32%
15%
3%
91%
Accepting the child in own home (the child lives
with other household members)
Taking care about raising the child, child's
education and health
Child support (provision of food, clothing and
shoes to the child, bearing the costs of child's
education)
Receiving monthly monetary compensation
from the state for care of the child
Establishment of blood relations between
foster parents and the child
Management and disposal of the child's
property
Don't know
2012
2014
In your opinion, which of the following means foster care, that is, what are the obligations of foster parent towards the child?
Statistički značajna razlika na nivou 0.05 u odnosu na prethodni talas

Differences between fostering and adoption
15
6%
5%
2%
2%
1%
1%
4%
28%
27%
5%
4%
6%
4%
2%
4%
9%
15%
2%
5%
15%
10%
43%
50%Foster care is temporary/ adoption is permanent
Adoption creates parental/ family relationship,
child has all the legal rights
Foster care includes compensation from the state/
there is none for adoption
Adoption is more serious/ more responsible/
more complete raising of children
Foster care is care/ provides material needs
Foster care also encompasses children who have
parents, and adoption does not
Duration of the period
Adoption is associated with love, wish, and foster
care with financial profit
Adoptive parent can manage child's property
Other
No difference/ very similar
Don't know / Refuse
No answer
2012
2014
In your opinion, what are the most distinctive differences between fostering and adoption as two forms of care for children
without parents or without proper parental care?
Open ended
previous wave

78%
6%
15%
79%
6%
16%
No
Yes
Don't know
2012
2014
Process of foster care and adoption
16
Which institution is in charge of adoption and foster care processes?
*2012 question referred both to adoption and foster care
Do you think that all children without parental care,
regardless of their personal characteristics (gender, age,
nationality, mental health, physical health…) can be
adopted or placed in foster family?
Which institution is in charge of adoption and foster
care processes? *
1%
1%
4%
5%
0%
2%
3%
2%
1%
7%
86%
90%
Centres for social work
Municipality
Primary health care center
Some other institution
Don't know
State/ Government/ competent
ministry
Institutions/ children's homes
2012
2014
Do you think that all children without parental care, regardless of their personal
characteristics (gender, age, nationality, mental health, physical health…) can be
adopted or placed in foster family?
previous wave

12%
8%
3%
3%
80%
13%
2%
4%
1%
74%
The closest relatives (grandparents,
aunts, uncles, etc)
Family which is not a relative to the
child , but which would adopt the child
Some state-owned institution of social
protection and child care
Family which is not a relative to the
child, but which would be foster family
Don't know
2012
2014
Who would best take care of the child if parents can’t take care about the
child?
17
If parents can't take care about the child (deceased or unable because of other reasons to care about the child), who, in
your opinion, would best take care of the child?
previous wave

Placing children without parental care in institutions
18
Do you think that a child growing up in an institution stands equal chances for
growth and development as a child growing up in a family?
Do you think that placing a child without parental care
in an institution is adequate form of protection?
Do you think that a child growing up in an institution
stands equal chances for growth and development as a
child growing up in a family?
Do you think that placing a child without parental care in an institution is
adequate form of protection?
58%
5%
44%
53%
4%
37%
No
Yes
Don't know
2012
2014
37%
5%
35%
3%
58%
62%
No
Yes
Don't know
2012
2014
previous wave

Placing children without parental care in institutions against placing them in
foster family
19
Don't know
4%
To be placed in
foster family
83%
To be placed in
institution / home
for children
without parental
care
13%
Base: total target population
Which of the following two options do you consider to be better for a child without parental care – to be placed in an
institution / home for children without parental care or to be placed in foster family?

Awareness of forms of protecting children without parental care
• Majority of the citizens of Montenegro still express attitude that the state doesn't help enough
persons or families being in situation where likelihood of abandoning a child is increased. Centre
for social work is most frequently perceived as an institution to which such family or individual can
turn for help. Furthermore, the role of the centre for social work is even more pronounced in
comparison with the last survey wave (60% against 52%). The most frequently mentioned reasons
why children are separated from family are still poor financial situation of the family (68%), family
violence (47%), as well as negligence and reluctance of parents to raise their children (42%).
• In comparison with the period prior to campaign associated with foster care, smaller percentage of
the citizens mention placement of children in institutions of social protection (63% against 69%),
while, in comparison with the last wave, significantly higher percentage of the citizens point to
foster care as an adequate form of child protection (46% against 35%).
• According to their own admission, citizens of Montenegro are currently more informed about
foster care. While 71% claimed last year that they know a little about foster care, this percentage
has currently fallen to 55%. In compliance with this, significantly higher percentage of them claim
to know something about foster care (38% against 25%), or to know much about it (7% against
4%).
20

• No significant changes have occurred in perception of foster care – it is still mainly perceived as
care about the child. Significant change is reflected in the fact that significantly lower
percentage of the citizens are unable to specify their idea of fostering (in comparison with
previous wave when 24% of the citizens could not specify it, in this wave this percentage fell to
only 8%).
• It is obvious that the citizens of Montenegro are more familiar with details related to foster care
– significantly higher percentage of them know that foster care is temporary care of the child
(from 81% to 88%), and that foster parent can be a complete stranger to the child (from
57% to 79%). In compliance with this, higher percentage of the citizens are also familiar with
rights and obligations of biological parents whose children are placed in foster family, that is,
with the fact that biological parents have the right and obligation to maintain personal relations
with the child (from 49% to 62%).
• The key distinctive characteristic of foster care in comparison with adoption is temporary
character, which is mentioned by 50% of the citizens, in comparison with 43% in the last wave.
Percentage of uninformed citizens is considerably lower (15% in comparison with 28% in the last
survey wave).
21

• Similar to results of the last wave, more than three fourths of the citizens (79%) correctly think that
all children without parental care can be adopted or accommodated in foster family, regardless of
their personal characteristics, while significantly higher percentage of the citizens (90% against
86%), correctly perceive centre for social work as the competent institution for dealing with
fostering process.
• The highest percentage of the citizens agree that the best solution is if the closest relatives take
care about such child (80%). Nevertheless, the share of the citizens who believe that placing
children without parental care in institution of social and child protection is a good
solution has decreased (from 8% to 2%). In compliance with this finding is also the fact that
higher percentage of the citizens disagree that accommodating children in institutions is an
adequate form of protection (in previous wave 37% expressed their disagreement, and in this wave
44% do the same). Around two thirds of the citizens (62%) share the opinion that a child growing
up in an institution does not stand the same chances for growth and development as the child
growing up in the family.
• When comparing the adequacy of placing a child in an institution with placing him/her in foster
family, great majority of the citizens realize the advantages of foster care (83%).
22

23
Foster care in
Montenegro
3

Obstacles to foster care
24
36%
36%
28%
18%
18%
17%
11%
11%
10%
9%
85%
35%
35%
9%
15%
21%
13%
11%
12%
11%
77%
27%
Poor financial situation
Insufficient support of society and state
Lack of housing conditions
Being uninformed
Complicated procedures
The way in which the environment looks at
adopted children
No need for foster care because they have
biological children
Problems in upbringing or behavior as a
consequence of inherited traits or previous life
Fear whether the child will fit in new
environment
Fear of inherited diseases
Later separation from child and uncertain
duration of foster care
2012
2014
In your opinion what are the most important obstacles due to which bigger number of families in Montenegro are not
involved in Foster care?
External
factors
previous wave

The efforts of the state to stimulate foster care *
25
Observed in general, how would you evaluate efforts of the state aimed at
stimulating foster care?
*2012 question referred both to adoption and fostering
56%
4%
6%
22%
9%
6%
34%
63%
The state is not doing
anything to stimulate
foster care
The state is doing
something, but not
enough to stimulate
foster care
The state is making
great effort to
stimulate foster care
Don’t know
2012
2014
previous wave

Stimulation of the foster care by the state *
26
17%
10%
6%
6%
4%
3%
3%
2%
3%
3%
25%
39%
19%
9%
11%
6%
5%
5%
2%
5%
2%
3%
7%
30%
Financial support
More extensive informing/ education,
raising awareness/ media campaign
More extensive, adequate assistance/
engagement of the state/ all types of
Increasing monthly compensation
Benefits/ subsidies/ prizes
Adequate living conditions/ housing
Stimuli/ support/ including all factors
Simplification/ speeding up of
procedures
Material assistance (food, clothes,
textbooks...)
Other
Nothing
Don't know / Refuse
2012
2014
Should the state stimulate or reward foster care and adoption of children in any
other way? If yes, how?
*2012 question referred both to adoption and fostering
Open ended
previous wave

Support to foster parents by society
27
Don't know
6%
The society doesn't
have the obligation
to help foster
parents
24%
Our society does
not help the foster
parents as much as
they deserve
70%
People have different opinion about the persons who took a child in (family) foster care. While some of them think that our society doesn’t help
these people – foster parents as much as they deserve, others think that this is their personal act, and that society has no obligation
whatsoever or reason to help them. Which of these two opinions is closer to your own?

Foster care in Montenegro
• For majority of Montenegrin citizens (85%) – poor financial situation is the key obstacle to
fostering. Except poor financial situation, other perceived obstacles which are also mentioned in
significant percentage are: lack of housing conditions, being uninformed, insufficient support by
society and state, as well as absence of need for fostering a child because of having own, biological
children.
• Significantly lower percentage of the citizens mention insufficient support from society and state
as an obstacle to fostering (27% against 36% in the last wave). In compliance with this, there is a
visible decrease in percentage of the citizens who claim that the state doesn’t do anything to
support fostering (from 34% to 22%).
• In comparison with the previous wave, this wave shows that percentage of the citizens who do
not know how the state should support fostering fell by 3,5 times. At the same time, percentage
of those who recognize financial and material help as a stimulus to foster parents has increased
significantly.
• Besides that, prevailing public opinion is that our society does not help foster parents as much as
they deserve.
28

29
Attitudes towards
foster care
4

30
86%
88%
72%
64%
59%
49%
38%
93%
92%
91%
79%
74%
67%
52%
36%
85%
Even if children abandoned by their parents are severely
traumatized and had a very tough childhood, care and stable
foster family can help them grow into healthy and capable
persons
Although genes are important, it is still more important who
and in what way is raising the child
Children placed in foster families are the same as all the other
children, when in stimulating environment: bright, beautiful,
curious, talented, successful, loved…
Children abandoned by biological parents are traumatized
because of that and faced with problems throughout life
Even the best foster family can't completely replace biglogical
family
Ideal fostering is the one which results in return of the child to
its biological family
A child placed in foster family can not be loved as own child
Children from foster families usually have some behavioral
problems
2012
2014
Attitudes towards foster care* - I agree (3+4)
To what extent do you agree with each of the following statements? Please use the scale from 1 to 4, where 1 means you don’t agree at all, and 4 means you
completely agree.
.. *2012 question referred both to adoption and fostering
previous wave

31
45%
35%
30%
25%
7%
12%
11%
58%
43%
24%
22%
20%
6%
4%
4%
55%Children from foster families usually have some behavioral
problems
A child accommodated in foster family can not be loved as own
child
Even the best foster family can't completely replace biological
family
Ideal foster care is the one which results in return of the child
to his or her biological family
Children abandoned by biological parents are traumatized
because of that and faced with problems throughout life
Children placed in foster families are the same as all the other
children, when in stimulating environment: bright, beautiful,
curious, talented, successful, loved…
Although genes are important, it is still more important who
and in what way is raising the child
Even if children abandoned by their parents are severely
traumatized and had a very tough childhood, care and stable
foster family can help them grow into healthy and capable
persons
2012
2014
Attitudes towards foster care* – I don’t agree (1+2)
To what extent do you agree with each of the following statements? Please use the scale from 1 to 4, where 1
means you don’t agree at all, and 4 means you completely agree.
.. *2012 question referred both to adoption and fostering
previous wave

Attitudes towards foster care
• Observed in general, the citizens of Montenegro express more positive attitudes towards fostering
in comparison with the last year’s wave. For example, significantly higher percentage of the
citizens are aware of the importance of child upbringing, although they do not deny the
importance of genes (from 86% to 92%). Besides that, considerably higher percentage of
population claim that foster family can help the child develop into a healthy person, even if the
child was heavily traumatized in its childhood (from 85% to 93%).
• Nevertheless, despite significant positive changes, it seems that some attitudes are deeply rooted,
like the one that children who are abandoned by their parents can not get rid of their traumas
(79%), that even the best foster family can't completely replace biological family (74%), and that
ideal fostering is the one which results in return of the child to his or her biological family (67%).
32

33
Experience and
interest in foster care
5

Helping children without parental care
34
37%
25%
32%
48%
34%
20%
Financial, in money
Food, clothes, hygiene
products
Conversation, support 2012
2014
Have you ever been in a situation to help, directly or indirectly, a child without parental care (options: financially, with food/
clothes, conversation...)?
previous wave

Actual interest in foster care
35
How interested would you be in being a foster parent to a child without parents or without adequate parental care at this
moment?
65%
26%
91%
4%
4%
3%
1%
1%
60%
26%
86%
7%
7%
6%
1%
1%
Not interested at all
Mainly not interested
NOT INTERESTED
Both yes and no
INTERESTED
Somewhat interested
Very interested
I am a foster parent/I
used to be a foster
parent
2012
2014
previous wave

Interest in the foster care in the future
36
Base: Those who are not currently interested in being a foster to a child without parents or parental care (92% of target
population). At some moment in your life (near or distant future), how interested would you be in being a foster parent to a
child without parents or without adequate parental care?
61%
26%
88%
9%
3%
3%
0%
1%
67%
27%
94%
2%
3%
2%
1%
1%
Not interested at all
Mainly not interested
NOT INTERESTED
Both yes and no
INTERESTED
Somewhat interested
Very interested
Don't know
Near future
Distant future

Motives for foster care
37
21%
6%
3%
12%
55%
25%
5%
2%
4%
3%
3%
6%
65%
A wish to help/ humanity
Love towards children/ providing a home,
warmth, happiness to child
A wish to have children/ mutual
satisfaction, love, care
If they had financial/ housing conditions
If I can not get children of my own
Out of pity
Nothing (poor financial situation, have
their own children...)
Don't now/Refusal
2012
2014
Multiple responses; Base: Those who are interested in being a foster to a child without parents or parental care (23% of
target population). What motivates you most to be a foster parent?
Open ended
previous wave

Acceptability of care of children without parental care with different
characteristics – acceptable
38
61%
55%
53%
47%
35%
32%
24%
21%
20%
18%
18%
68%
74%
64%
69%
58%
47%
40%
30%
17%
20%
22%
18%
63%
A child whose parents are unknown
A child victim of violence, abuse and
neglect
A child who lived in Children’s Home
A child of underage parents
A child of foreign nationality
A child whose parents are unable to take
care of him because of imprisonment
A child whose parents are drug or alcohol
addicts
Roma child
A child with behavior disorder
A child with disability (eye sight, hearing,
speech, physical disability)
A child with a chronic disease
A child with intellectual disability
2012
2014
Open ended
Base: Those who are interested in being a foster to a child without parents or parental care (23% of target population)
If you decided to be a foster parent, do you think you would be able to take care of...? Please use the scale from 1 to 5, where 1 means
Not likely at all, and 5 means Very likely
previous wave

Acceptability of care of children without parental care with different
characteristics – not acceptable
39
50%
49%
47%
45%
35%
32%
26%
21%
20%
19%
16%
53%
39%
56%
43%
54%
33%
24%
18%
12%
15%
10%
13%
53%
A child with intellectual disability
Roma child
A child with behavior disorder
A child with a chronic disease
A child with disability (eye sight,
hearing, speech, physical disability)
A child whose parents are drug or
alcohol addicts
A child whose parents are unable to
take care of him because of
A child of foreign nationality
A child whose parents are unknown
A child of underage parents
A child who lived in Children’s Home
A child victim of violence, abuse and
neglect
2012
2014
If you decided to be a foster parent, do you think you would be able to take care of...? Please use the scale from 1 to 5, where 1
means
Not likely at all, and 5 means Very likely
previous wave

Different influences on the decision about foster care– would influence
40
56%
51%
45%
36%
23%
79%
60%
51%
27%
43%
12%
68%
Family support
Support of Social
Welfare Center
Anamnesis of
child’s biological
parents
Duration of the
foster care
establishing process
The amount of
material allowance
Attitudes of the
surroundings
2012
2014
If you decided to be a foster parent, to what extent would each of the following items influence your decision?
previous wave

Different influences on the decision about foster care– wouldn’t influence
41
24%
27%
30%
40%
63%
8%
21%
30%
45%
34%
62%
19%
Family support
Support of Social
Welfare Center
Anamnesis of
child’s biological
parents
Duration of the
foster care
establishing process
The amount of
material allowance
Attitudes of the
surroundings
2012
2014
If you decided to be a foster parent, to what extent would each of the following items influence your decision?
previous wave

The main reasons why citizens wouldn’t be foster parents to a child
42
15%
13%
8%
7%
4%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
1%
19%
42%
15%
18%
7%
5%
6%
2%
9%
3%
1%
1%
1%
2%
1%
37%Living conditions (financial, housing,
unemployment)
I have my own children
Age/ health condition
No need/ they don't want to/ they are not
thinking about that
Too big of a responsibility/ I am not ready for
that
Too many other responsibilities/ lack of time
I want to have my own, biological children
Family situation (family responsibilities/ big
family)
I'm too young
Fear of child's adaptation/ sick, problematic
child
Other
Nothing/ no reason
Don't know / Refuse
Because of child's parents (inherited
diseases, drug addition, poverty,
2012
2014
Multiple responses; Base: Those who are not interested in being a foster to a child without parents or parental care
(92% of target population)
What are the main reasons why you would not take a child for foster care?
Open-ended
previous wave

20%
57%
77%
15%
12%
3%
8%
Very positive
Mainly positive
POSITIVE
NEGATIVE
Mainly negative
Very negative
Don't know
2014
Reaction of the surrounding to foster care
43
How would the people around you react if someone from your surrounding
take a child into a foster care?

14%
74%
26%
86%
No
Yes
2012
2014
Knowing someone who provided foster home (foster care) to a child*
44
Do you know anyone who provided foster home (foster care) to a child?
*the 2012 question referred to foster care and adoption
previous wave

Experience and interest in foster care
• When it comes to helping children without parental care, citizens are a lot more engaged in
providing financial assistance (from 20% to 32%) food and clothes (from 37% to 48%), and also
providing support through conversation (from 25% to 34%).
• More extensive knowledge of citizens is accompanied by their increased interest in foster care: so
there is lower percentage of those claiming not to be interested in being foster parents, while
there is higher percentage of the interested.
• Wish to help (55%), as well as love towards children (25%) usually motivate the interested citizens
to be foster parents.
• Citizens of Montenegro are more open towards providing foster care to different kinds of
children without parental care – so significantly larger number of citizens find acceptable to be
foster parents of children who belong to different vulnerable groups. However, accepting to take
care of children with different characteristics, such as children with behavioral disorders, with
physical or mental disabilities, as well as with chronic diseases, is at low level, without significant
change.
45

Experience and interest in foster care
• Family support is mentioned as the most relevant factor for the decision on foster care and its
relevance is perceived by even more citizens than last year (79% and 68%, respectively). Besides
family, also relevant here is Center for Social Work (60%), but also medical history of child’s
biological parents (51%).
• It is important to say that there is reduced number of citizens who find duration of the foster care
establishing process (last year 45%, now only 27%), as well as attitude of the
surroundings important and influential (from 23% to 12%). As for citizens interested in foster care
in the future, they are a lot more likely to say that duration of the foster care establishing process
would not influence their decision on foster care, relative to general population.
• Most citizens wouldn’t take a child for foster care due to poor financial situation (42%). In addition,
other obstacles are age, health (18%), as well as the fact that they have their own children (15%).
• Significantly higher percentage of citizens claim to know someone who took a child for family
accommodation (26% and 14%, respectively). Among the citizens interested in foster care, either
now or in the future, there is significantly higher percentage of those who say that they know
someone who accepted a child for foster care accommodation.
• However, this result should be considered with caution, since it might be a result of media
campaign, or the fact that citizens don’t distinct their private from media environment.
46

Information on foster care*
48
37%
24%
11%
10%
1%
5%
14%
38%
53%
24%
21%
18%
2%
3%
60%
23%
Not available at all
Mainly not
available
NOT AVAILABLE
Neither available
nor unavailable
AVAILABLE
Mainly available
Fully available
Don't know
2012
2014
To what extent is information about foster care available to citizens?
previous wave

Sources of information about foster care*
49
25%
19%
9%
5%
5%
2%
1%
1%
47%
23%
20%
3%
2%
5%
1%
1%
40%Centre for Social
Work
Internet
TV
Friends,
acquintances, family
Magazines, journals
Newspapers
Radio
Other
Don't know/ refusal
2012
2014
If you needed more information on this topic, where would you look for it?
previous wave

Awareness of the campaign and initiators
51
Have you noticed any campaigns on foster care in the
recent months, either on TV, radio, in
newspapers, through promotion of celebrities or
interviews?
Base: those who have noticed the campaign on foster care (51% of total population).
Do you know who initiated this campaign?
Have you noticed any campaigns on foster care in the recent months, either
on TV, radio, in newspapers, through promotion of celebrities or interviews?
49
51
Yes No
24
8
4
2
3
32
9
58UNICEF
Government of Montenegro
EU
NGO
Social Welfare Center
Celebrities ( Sergej Ćetkovid,
Rambo Amadeus...)
Other
I don't remember
Do you know who initiated this campaign?
SPONTANEOUS

Awareness of the campaign and slogans-spontaneous
52
Unicef, Government of Montenegro and the Delegation
of the European Union have initiated a campaign on
foster care. Have you noticed this Unicef campaign?
Base: those who have noticed the Unicef campaign (55% of target population)
Can you remember the slogans from this campaign?
Unicef, Government of Montenegro and the Delegation of the European
Union have initiated a campaign on foster care. Have you noticed this Unicef
campaign?
Can you remember the slogans from this campaign?
SPONTANEOUS
45
55
Yes No
4
2
2
1
62
2
27Every child needs a family
Every child should have a home
Slogan about children who need
help
Slogan on foster care/
unprovided for children
It's about ability
Other
Don't know

AWARENESS OF SLOGANS - PROMPTED
53
76
47
24
53
Every child needs a family Foster care - supporting healthy growing up of
children
No
Yes

TV campaign
54
Have you seen the TVC promoting foster care in
Montenegro? In this TVC, children are visiting a
museum, and one boy, upon closing of the
museum, stays there and sleeps with dolls that
symbolize mom and dad.
Base: those who have seen the TVC promoting foster care in Montenegro (42% of total
population)
What is your general impression on this TVC? Rate on the scale from 1 to 5, where 1
means that the impression is very bad, and 5 that it is very good
Have you seen the TVC promoting foster care in Montenegro? In this
TVC, children are visiting a museum, and one boy, upon closing of the
museum, stays there and sleeps with dolls that symbolize mom and dad.
58
42
Yes No 3
14
82
38
44
1
3
1Very bad
Mainly bad
BAD
Neither good
nor bad
GOOD
Mainly good
Very good
Don't know
What is your general impression on this TVC? Rate on
the scale from 1 to 5, where 1 means that the
impression is very bad, and 5 that it is very good

16%
14%
13%
12%
10%
10%
9%
4%
4%
2%
1%
6%
17%It is obvious how much children need a family, home, love
Child in the ad (child with dolls/ child looking fo rparents)
It triggers thinking/ it raises awareness/ it informs
Sad/ touching/ heart-breaking
Emotional, stirring emotions
Well designed TVC
Idea/ message
It motivates to help, care about children/ humanness
Realistic/ true/ credible
It motivates to accept children/ foster care/ adoption
Other
Nothing
Don't know/ No answer
IMPRESSION ON THE TV COMMERCIAL
55
Base: those this TVC made good impression on (35% of target population) Why do you think so? What influenced you
most to have positive impression on this TVC?

60
40
Yes No
Visibility of the campaign - events
56
13
11
7
6
2
2
2
1
1
23
12
26Promotion of foster care
Promotion of children's rights
UNICEF campaign
Helping children/ care for
children/ protection of
Helping unprovided for
children/ children without
Adoption of children
Humanitarian activities/ help/
donations
Visiting the home in Bijela
Promotion/ campaign
Protection of human rights
Other
Don't know
Did you know that the English actor Nicholas Lyndhurst,
known as Rodney from the TV series Only Fools and
Horses, visited Montenegro recently?
Do you know the reason of his visit?
Did you know that the English actor Nicholas Lyndhurst, known as Rodney
from the TV series Only Fools and Horses, visited Montenegro recently? Base: those who know that this English actor visited Montenegro (40% of
total population. Multiple, spontaneous responses)
Do you know the reason of his visit?

61
28 22
15
39
72 78
85
Haven't
heard
Have
heard
AWARENESS OF THE CAMPAIGN EVENTS AND IMPRESSION ON THEM
57
What is your general impression on this event..?
Base: those who have heard of this event
Promotion of foster care in
Podgorica, with Sergej
Ćetkovid
Tivat and Kotor, with Rambo
Amadeus
Nikšid, with Nina Žižid
Open Days of Social Welfare
Centers dedicated to foster
care
19 77 96 29 63 92 32 62 94 62 25 87
4 = mainly good  5 = very good Good

Which of these options do you consider best and most efficient for finding out
something new about foster care in Montenegro, regardless of whether you wish to
become foster parent at this moment or not?
58
21%
9%
4%
3%
6%
57%
One personally gets in touch with Social Welfare Center,
by phone or going there
One visits Social Welfare Center on the Open Day,
dedicated to foster care, when one finds out more about
foster care and has the opportunity to ask questions, and
then approaches to social workers to apply
One fills out a form on the web page and Social Welfare
Center employees contact him/ her based on that form
One fills out a leaflet with personal data and Social Welfare
Center employees contact him/ her based on that
None of the options suit me
Don't know

How much did the recent Unicef campaign “Every child needs a family” draw your
attention?
59
Base: those who have seen at least one segment of the campaign, 87% of total population
15%
28%
29%
18%
5%
4%
It drew my attention very
much
It mainly drew my
attention
It drew my attention
somewhat
It drew my attention a
little
I didn't draw my attention
at all
Don't know

28%
48%
75%
16%
4%
2%
2%
5%
I liked it very much
I mainly liked it
LIKE
Neither yes nor no
DISLIKE
I mainly didn't like it
I didn't like it at all
Don't know
How did you like this campaign in general?
60

4%
29%
33%
14%
53%
10%
43%
I found out many new
things
I found out some new
things
YES
Neither yes, nor no
NO
I mainly didn't find out
anything new
I didn't find out anything
new
Have you found out anything from the campaign, something you never thought
about or didn’t know, regarding foster care?
61

What is one, most important thing you found out in the campaign on foster care?
62
10%
7%
7%
6%
6%
6%
5%
3%
3%
3%
4%
8%
10%
14%
Stimulating humanity/ greater help, taking care of children/ a way of
helping
Raising awareness/ a campaign is initiated/ this problem is worked on
The state is trying to help/ it is developing foster care/ it gives
compensation to foster parents
What foster care is/ how it functions/ importance of foster care
How important it is that children have a family, normal life
Every child needs a family, home
About foster care conditions/ who can be foster parent/ rights of
foster parents
About the number of abandoned children/ children without parental
care
Difference between adoption and foster care
That there are foster families/ that there are people willing to be foster
parents
Foster care is temporary
Other
Nothin in particular/ I knew everything already
Ne zna
Base: those who found out something from the campaign on foster care (50% of total population)
Open-ended

4%
13%
32%
30%
11%
11%
Very strong influence
Significant influence
Some influence
Little influence
No influence ta all
Don't know
In general, to what extent do you think this Unicef campaign has influenced people
around you to seriously consider the possibility of becoming foster parents one
day?
63Base: those who have seen at least one segment of the campaign, 87% of total population

24%
17%
5%
55%
It has not influenced me
at all, because all I have
seen in the campaign
matches my opinion on
foster care
It has not influenced me,
my opinion is somewhat
different, but I don't think
I should change it
It made me change some
of my attitudes
Don't know/ refusal
Has this campaign influenced you to change your attitude towards foster care?
64Base: those who have seen at least one segment of the campaign, 87% of total population

65
Visibility
87% of citizens of
Montenegro have
seen at least one
segment of the
Unicef campaign
on foster care.

66
Most noticed
part of the
campaign
Observed individually, the
most noticed part of the
campaign was the TV
commercial, watched by 42%
of general population. General
impression on this TV
commercial is positive for 82%
of those who have seen it,
while it is negative for only 3%.
In addition, at least one
billboard used in the campaign
was noticed by 74% of citizens
of Montenegro.

67
Impression
The campaign on foster care has made
positive impression on ¾ of citizens who
had a chance to see at least one segment
of the campaign, and only 4% of those
who have noticed the campaign say that
they do not like it

68
Influence
1/3 of those who have seen the campaign found out
something new about foster care, and the campaign
influenced change of attitudes of 1/6 of those who
had seen at least one segment of the campaign.

Influence
69
43
36
17
7
15%
29%
65%
87%
36
17
7
43
Citizens who changed
their attitudes because
of the campaign
Citizens who have found
out something new
during the campaign
Citizens who like the
campaign
Citizens who have seen
the campaign
Percentages relative to
those who have noticed at
least one segment of the
campaign on foster care17%
33%
75%

70
• The campaign „Every child needs a family“ was
noticed by 9 out of 10 citizens who live in central and
southern part of Montenegro, while visibility is
somewhat less extensive in the north – 8 out of 10
• The campaign is noticed somewhat more by women
than by men (women are also more likely to evaluate
the campaign more positively), by more educated
part of population than by those with only
elementary school education, while the elderly, 65+,
noticed the campaign the least
• The campaign has, more than average, influenced
change of attitudes in the category of young people
(18-29 years of age), as well as those who live in the
south of the country.

72
Share of citizens who consider placing of children in social and child protection institutions is a
good solution for children without parental care is reduced significantly, while now vast majority
perceive placing in foster family a more adequate form of protection.
Compared with the previous research wave, registered is substantially higher level of self-
perceived knowledge, but also external indicators show that knowledge on foster care has
expanded significantly, so foster care is a lot more likely to be recognized as a form of protection
of children without parental care. In addition, the very attitudes towards foster care are a lot more
positive compared with the period before the campaign „Every child needs a family“
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS:
1
2
Although majority of citizens still think that the state is not doing enough on stimulating foster
care, present is visible progress in perception of efforts of the state.
3
Citizens of Montenegro are more open towards providing foster care to children without parental
care with different characteristics – so (at least declaratively) significantly larger number of citizens
find acceptable to be foster parents of children who belong to different vulnerable groups.
4
Among the citizens interested in foster care, either now or in the future, there is significantly
higher percentage of those who say that they know someone who accepted to foster a child.
5

Montenegro Foster Care Survey Insights

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