SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 8
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
UNIVERSE AWARENESS
                Inspiring young children
Carolina Ödman
Cape Town, May 12, 2007




        UNIVERSE AWARENESS (UNAWE)
• Initiative for a worldwide scientific culture.

• Expose very young (ages 4 - 10 years), underprivileged
  children to the inspirational aspects of astronomy.
   – Broaden their perspective
   – Enhance their understanding of the world
   – Demonstrate the power of rational thought

• By hopefully broadening children’s minds, UNAWE aims
  at stimulating tolerance and internationalism




                                                           1
ASTRONOMY FOR PEACE
• Science                      • Multidisciplinary
  – Investigation, curiosity     – The big questions
  – Ambassador for all
    sciences
  – Development of             • FUN!
    technology                   – Beautiful images
• Culture                        – Extreme conditions
  – History                      – Unreachable yet
     past & in the making!         available to all
  – Cultural heritage




                Astronomy is Science




                                                        2
Astronomy is culture & history




Astronomy is culture & history




                                 3
Astronomy is Fun!




              SALT first light image




                          MOTIVATION
•   Beauty and size of the Universe excite Young Children
•   Basic knowledge of the Universe is a Birthright
•   Ages 4 - 10 are crucial for Child Development
•   Knowledge about the Universe can broaden the mind

• Why young and underprivileged children?
    – Need is greatest
    – Cognitive disparities increase with age
    – Cultural differences less pronounced




                                                            4
GOALS OF UNAWE
 • Communicate the beauty and scale of the Universe to young
   children

 • Use inspirational astronomy to develop cognitive skills

 • Reach large numbers of children

 • United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
     – Universal Primary Education
     – Gender Equality in Primary School




                  INGREDIENTS OF UNAWE
• Material
   Games, cartoons, songs, hands-on material
       • Entertaining and developed by professionals (ECD/didactics)
       • Translated into various languages and cultures
• Training
       • Dialogue, dissemination, feedback, evaluation
       • Tailored to each country and community
• International Network
       • Communication between teachers and development professionals
         worldwide
       • Exchange of ideas, experience and materials
       • Coordination of independent initiatives




                                                                        5
UNAWE as of October 2006




                      TIMELINE
  2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
    PREPARATION

                   DEVELOPMENT

                                 IMPLEMENTATION

                                      EVALUATION




• 2009 International Year of Astronomy…




                                                      6
7
UNAWE in SA
• Diverse Communities
   – Rich cultures
   – Numerous languages
• Similarities in needs
   – Across the country
   – With other UNAWE countries (India)
• Existing Infrastructures and programmes
• Ongoing Development (KAT, SKA, etc.)
• Community development philosophy associated with large
  scientific projects




                   MORE INFORMATION




                  http://www.UNAWE.org/
                email odman@strw.leidenuniv.nl




                                                           8

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Andere mochten auch

Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 2 part 1
Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 2 part 1Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 2 part 1
Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 2 part 1
unawe
 
Sterrewacht talk
Sterrewacht talkSterrewacht talk
Sterrewacht talk
unawe
 
Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 1
Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 1Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 1
Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 1
unawe
 
CAP2013: astroEDU poster
CAP2013: astroEDU posterCAP2013: astroEDU poster
CAP2013: astroEDU poster
unawe
 
EUNAWE UK Presentation
EUNAWE UK PresentationEUNAWE UK Presentation
EUNAWE UK Presentation
unawe
 

Andere mochten auch (20)

Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 2 part 1
Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 2 part 1Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 2 part 1
Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 2 part 1
 
Sterrewacht talk
Sterrewacht talkSterrewacht talk
Sterrewacht talk
 
Universe Awareness - Inspiring Young Children with the Beautiful Universe
Universe Awareness - Inspiring Young Children with the Beautiful UniverseUniverse Awareness - Inspiring Young Children with the Beautiful Universe
Universe Awareness - Inspiring Young Children with the Beautiful Universe
 
International Astronomical Union - Office of Astronomy for Development
International Astronomical Union - Office of Astronomy for DevelopmentInternational Astronomical Union - Office of Astronomy for Development
International Astronomical Union - Office of Astronomy for Development
 
Presentation General En
Presentation General EnPresentation General En
Presentation General En
 
CAP2013 TEMI Poster
CAP2013 TEMI PosterCAP2013 TEMI Poster
CAP2013 TEMI Poster
 
Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 1
Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 1Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 1
Teacher Training (Leiden, NL) - Session 1
 
Identifying Opportunities for Communicating Astronomy with the Public
Identifying Opportunities for Communicating Astronomy with the PublicIdentifying Opportunities for Communicating Astronomy with the Public
Identifying Opportunities for Communicating Astronomy with the Public
 
CAP2013: astroEDU poster
CAP2013: astroEDU posterCAP2013: astroEDU poster
CAP2013: astroEDU poster
 
IAU C55: Public Outreach Information Management Working Group
IAU C55: Public Outreach Information Management Working GroupIAU C55: Public Outreach Information Management Working Group
IAU C55: Public Outreach Information Management Working Group
 
The Wonderful Century: Astronomy For Development
The Wonderful Century: Astronomy For DevelopmentThe Wonderful Century: Astronomy For Development
The Wonderful Century: Astronomy For Development
 
Student ambassadors
Student ambassadorsStudent ambassadors
Student ambassadors
 
astroEDU: peer-reviewed astronomy education activities
astroEDU: peer-reviewed astronomy  education activitiesastroEDU: peer-reviewed astronomy  education activities
astroEDU: peer-reviewed astronomy education activities
 
Plan iau 2010 2020
Plan iau 2010 2020Plan iau 2010 2020
Plan iau 2010 2020
 
EU-UNAWE Invent your Alien
EU-UNAWE Invent your AlienEU-UNAWE Invent your Alien
EU-UNAWE Invent your Alien
 
CAP 2013 Space Scoop
CAP 2013 Space ScoopCAP 2013 Space Scoop
CAP 2013 Space Scoop
 
EU-UNAWE Programme Evaluation
EU-UNAWE Programme EvaluationEU-UNAWE Programme Evaluation
EU-UNAWE Programme Evaluation
 
Sterrenkunde Teacher Training 1e sessie
Sterrenkunde Teacher Training 1e sessieSterrenkunde Teacher Training 1e sessie
Sterrenkunde Teacher Training 1e sessie
 
EUNAWE UK Presentation
EUNAWE UK PresentationEUNAWE UK Presentation
EUNAWE UK Presentation
 
EU-UNAWE Family Science session 2
EU-UNAWE Family Science session 2EU-UNAWE Family Science session 2
EU-UNAWE Family Science session 2
 

Ähnlich wie South African National Science Week

Paul Roberts: ".....dreamers of dreams.....movers and shakers....." (O'Shaugh...
Paul Roberts: ".....dreamers of dreams.....movers and shakers....." (O'Shaugh...Paul Roberts: ".....dreamers of dreams.....movers and shakers....." (O'Shaugh...
Paul Roberts: ".....dreamers of dreams.....movers and shakers....." (O'Shaugh...
jeffpoulin
 
Integrating ideas and ideologies in the classroom
Integrating ideas and ideologies in the classroomIntegrating ideas and ideologies in the classroom
Integrating ideas and ideologies in the classroom
hvidtfelt
 
Library conference sole presentation
Library conference sole presentationLibrary conference sole presentation
Library conference sole presentation
katherinehannaford
 

Ähnlich wie South African National Science Week (20)

UNAWE - First Ireland Meeting
UNAWE - First Ireland MeetingUNAWE - First Ireland Meeting
UNAWE - First Ireland Meeting
 
Universe Awareness - Inspiring Young Children
Universe Awareness - Inspiring Young ChildrenUniverse Awareness - Inspiring Young Children
Universe Awareness - Inspiring Young Children
 
Universe Awareness Presentation
Universe Awareness PresentationUniverse Awareness Presentation
Universe Awareness Presentation
 
Universe Awareness: Stimulating Young Children with the Beautiful Universe
Universe Awareness: Stimulating Young Children with the Beautiful UniverseUniverse Awareness: Stimulating Young Children with the Beautiful Universe
Universe Awareness: Stimulating Young Children with the Beautiful Universe
 
Welcome to the Universe Awareness Workshop
Welcome to the Universe Awareness WorkshopWelcome to the Universe Awareness Workshop
Welcome to the Universe Awareness Workshop
 
Universe Awareness Presentation
Universe Awareness PresentationUniverse Awareness Presentation
Universe Awareness Presentation
 
Universe Awareness: Introduction by George Miley
Universe Awareness: Introduction by George Miley Universe Awareness: Introduction by George Miley
Universe Awareness: Introduction by George Miley
 
Presenting UNAWE (November 2008)
Presenting UNAWE (November 2008)Presenting UNAWE (November 2008)
Presenting UNAWE (November 2008)
 
Through the eyes of young observers: Geographers Imagine, Image and Create Fu...
Through the eyes of young observers: Geographers Imagine, Image and Create Fu...Through the eyes of young observers: Geographers Imagine, Image and Create Fu...
Through the eyes of young observers: Geographers Imagine, Image and Create Fu...
 
Universe Awareness 2015 by Pedro Russo
Universe Awareness 2015 by Pedro RussoUniverse Awareness 2015 by Pedro Russo
Universe Awareness 2015 by Pedro Russo
 
Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About UNAWE
Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About UNAWEEverything You Ever Wanted to Know About UNAWE
Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About UNAWE
 
Oad summary 28-03-13
Oad summary 28-03-13Oad summary 28-03-13
Oad summary 28-03-13
 
EUNAWE Presentation at the European Parliament
EUNAWE Presentation at the European ParliamentEUNAWE Presentation at the European Parliament
EUNAWE Presentation at the European Parliament
 
Kevin Govender: Astronomy and Developing Nations
Kevin Govender: Astronomy and Developing NationsKevin Govender: Astronomy and Developing Nations
Kevin Govender: Astronomy and Developing Nations
 
Paul Roberts: ".....dreamers of dreams.....movers and shakers....." (O'Shaugh...
Paul Roberts: ".....dreamers of dreams.....movers and shakers....." (O'Shaugh...Paul Roberts: ".....dreamers of dreams.....movers and shakers....." (O'Shaugh...
Paul Roberts: ".....dreamers of dreams.....movers and shakers....." (O'Shaugh...
 
Kids Science Exploration in Tanzania
Kids Science Exploration in TanzaniaKids Science Exploration in Tanzania
Kids Science Exploration in Tanzania
 
cv english
cv englishcv english
cv english
 
Headteacher presentation - all.ppt
Headteacher presentation - all.pptHeadteacher presentation - all.ppt
Headteacher presentation - all.ppt
 
Integrating ideas and ideologies in the classroom
Integrating ideas and ideologies in the classroomIntegrating ideas and ideologies in the classroom
Integrating ideas and ideologies in the classroom
 
Library conference sole presentation
Library conference sole presentationLibrary conference sole presentation
Library conference sole presentation
 

Mehr von unawe

Mehr von unawe (20)

World Space Week and Education in Space by Lauren Napier
World Space Week and Education in Space by Lauren NapierWorld Space Week and Education in Space by Lauren Napier
World Space Week and Education in Space by Lauren Napier
 
Universe Awareness programme in Iran
Universe Awareness programme in IranUniverse Awareness programme in Iran
Universe Awareness programme in Iran
 
The Universe in the Box by Cecilia Scorza
The Universe in the Box by Cecilia ScorzaThe Universe in the Box by Cecilia Scorza
The Universe in the Box by Cecilia Scorza
 
The Travelling Telescope by Susan Murabana
The Travelling Telescope by Susan MurabanaThe Travelling Telescope by Susan Murabana
The Travelling Telescope by Susan Murabana
 
Astronomy Literacy Goals by Pedro Russo, Cecilia Scorza & H. Lee
Astronomy Literacy Goals by Pedro Russo, Cecilia Scorza & H. Lee Astronomy Literacy Goals by Pedro Russo, Cecilia Scorza & H. Lee
Astronomy Literacy Goals by Pedro Russo, Cecilia Scorza & H. Lee
 
"Universe Awareness Sri Lanka – a volunteer effort" by Thilina Heenatigala
"Universe Awareness Sri Lanka – a volunteer effort" by Thilina Heenatigala"Universe Awareness Sri Lanka – a volunteer effort" by Thilina Heenatigala
"Universe Awareness Sri Lanka – a volunteer effort" by Thilina Heenatigala
 
UNAWE resources as tools for engaging earth science to calamity hit Filipino ...
UNAWE resources as tools for engaging earth science to calamity hit Filipino ...UNAWE resources as tools for engaging earth science to calamity hit Filipino ...
UNAWE resources as tools for engaging earth science to calamity hit Filipino ...
 
Raise up an astronaut by Barbara ten Berge
Raise up an astronaut by Barbara ten BergeRaise up an astronaut by Barbara ten Berge
Raise up an astronaut by Barbara ten Berge
 
Astronomy education with the world’s largest radio telescope by the SKA team
Astronomy education with the world’s largest radio telescope by the SKA teamAstronomy education with the world’s largest radio telescope by the SKA team
Astronomy education with the world’s largest radio telescope by the SKA team
 
Think Physics by Joe Shimwell
Think Physics by Joe ShimwellThink Physics by Joe Shimwell
Think Physics by Joe Shimwell
 
Open Science Centre by Kyra Romero
Open Science Centre by Kyra RomeroOpen Science Centre by Kyra Romero
Open Science Centre by Kyra Romero
 
Maleta: Hacking Universe in a Box by Bernardo Peixoto
Maleta: Hacking Universe in a Box by Bernardo PeixotoMaleta: Hacking Universe in a Box by Bernardo Peixoto
Maleta: Hacking Universe in a Box by Bernardo Peixoto
 
Hermetino the space-time traveller by Ilaria Cristofaro
Hermetino the space-time traveller by Ilaria CristofaroHermetino the space-time traveller by Ilaria Cristofaro
Hermetino the space-time traveller by Ilaria Cristofaro
 
Engaging kids with music: the Italian astrokids case study by Stefano Sandrelli
Engaging kids with music: the Italian astrokids case study by Stefano SandrelliEngaging kids with music: the Italian astrokids case study by Stefano Sandrelli
Engaging kids with music: the Italian astrokids case study by Stefano Sandrelli
 
Cosmic Light EDU kit by Rosa Doran
Cosmic Light EDU kit by Rosa DoranCosmic Light EDU kit by Rosa Doran
Cosmic Light EDU kit by Rosa Doran
 
Astronomy curriculum of elementary students in Iran by Soheil Nadalipour
Astronomy curriculum of elementary students in Iran by Soheil NadalipourAstronomy curriculum of elementary students in Iran by Soheil Nadalipour
Astronomy curriculum of elementary students in Iran by Soheil Nadalipour
 
The Travelling Telescope by Susan Murabana
The Travelling Telescope by Susan MurabanaThe Travelling Telescope by Susan Murabana
The Travelling Telescope by Susan Murabana
 
Astronomy campaign in Morocco "Let’s discover the solar system" by Darhmaoui ...
Astronomy campaign in Morocco "Let’s discover the solar system" by Darhmaoui ...Astronomy campaign in Morocco "Let’s discover the solar system" by Darhmaoui ...
Astronomy campaign in Morocco "Let’s discover the solar system" by Darhmaoui ...
 
Universe in the Classroom by Edward Gomez
Universe in the Classroom by Edward GomezUniverse in the Classroom by Edward Gomez
Universe in the Classroom by Edward Gomez
 
Universe awareness Croatia by Danijela Takac
Universe awareness Croatia by Danijela TakacUniverse awareness Croatia by Danijela Takac
Universe awareness Croatia by Danijela Takac
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Artificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and MythsArtificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
Joaquim Jorge
 
Histor y of HAM Radio presentation slide
Histor y of HAM Radio presentation slideHistor y of HAM Radio presentation slide
Histor y of HAM Radio presentation slide
vu2urc
 
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptxEIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
Earley Information Science
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Raspberry Pi 5: Challenges and Solutions in Bringing up an OpenGL/Vulkan Driv...
Raspberry Pi 5: Challenges and Solutions in Bringing up an OpenGL/Vulkan Driv...Raspberry Pi 5: Challenges and Solutions in Bringing up an OpenGL/Vulkan Driv...
Raspberry Pi 5: Challenges and Solutions in Bringing up an OpenGL/Vulkan Driv...
 
Strategize a Smooth Tenant-to-tenant Migration and Copilot Takeoff
Strategize a Smooth Tenant-to-tenant Migration and Copilot TakeoffStrategize a Smooth Tenant-to-tenant Migration and Copilot Takeoff
Strategize a Smooth Tenant-to-tenant Migration and Copilot Takeoff
 
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and MythsArtificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
 
presentation ICT roal in 21st century education
presentation ICT roal in 21st century educationpresentation ICT roal in 21st century education
presentation ICT roal in 21st century education
 
Understanding Discord NSFW Servers A Guide for Responsible Users.pdf
Understanding Discord NSFW Servers A Guide for Responsible Users.pdfUnderstanding Discord NSFW Servers A Guide for Responsible Users.pdf
Understanding Discord NSFW Servers A Guide for Responsible Users.pdf
 
GenAI Risks & Security Meetup 01052024.pdf
GenAI Risks & Security Meetup 01052024.pdfGenAI Risks & Security Meetup 01052024.pdf
GenAI Risks & Security Meetup 01052024.pdf
 
Histor y of HAM Radio presentation slide
Histor y of HAM Radio presentation slideHistor y of HAM Radio presentation slide
Histor y of HAM Radio presentation slide
 
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptxEIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
 
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt RobisonData Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
 
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected WorkerHow to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
 
GenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
GenCyber Cyber Security Day PresentationGenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
GenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
 
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected WorkerHow to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
 
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
 
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
 
08448380779 Call Girls In Greater Kailash - I Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Greater Kailash - I Women Seeking Men08448380779 Call Girls In Greater Kailash - I Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Greater Kailash - I Women Seeking Men
 
Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
 
The 7 Things I Know About Cyber Security After 25 Years | April 2024
The 7 Things I Know About Cyber Security After 25 Years | April 2024The 7 Things I Know About Cyber Security After 25 Years | April 2024
The 7 Things I Know About Cyber Security After 25 Years | April 2024
 
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
 
Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...
Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...
Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...
 
Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
 

South African National Science Week

  • 1. UNIVERSE AWARENESS Inspiring young children Carolina Ödman Cape Town, May 12, 2007 UNIVERSE AWARENESS (UNAWE) • Initiative for a worldwide scientific culture. • Expose very young (ages 4 - 10 years), underprivileged children to the inspirational aspects of astronomy. – Broaden their perspective – Enhance their understanding of the world – Demonstrate the power of rational thought • By hopefully broadening children’s minds, UNAWE aims at stimulating tolerance and internationalism 1
  • 2. ASTRONOMY FOR PEACE • Science • Multidisciplinary – Investigation, curiosity – The big questions – Ambassador for all sciences – Development of • FUN! technology – Beautiful images • Culture – Extreme conditions – History – Unreachable yet past & in the making! available to all – Cultural heritage Astronomy is Science 2
  • 3. Astronomy is culture & history Astronomy is culture & history 3
  • 4. Astronomy is Fun! SALT first light image MOTIVATION • Beauty and size of the Universe excite Young Children • Basic knowledge of the Universe is a Birthright • Ages 4 - 10 are crucial for Child Development • Knowledge about the Universe can broaden the mind • Why young and underprivileged children? – Need is greatest – Cognitive disparities increase with age – Cultural differences less pronounced 4
  • 5. GOALS OF UNAWE • Communicate the beauty and scale of the Universe to young children • Use inspirational astronomy to develop cognitive skills • Reach large numbers of children • United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) – Universal Primary Education – Gender Equality in Primary School INGREDIENTS OF UNAWE • Material Games, cartoons, songs, hands-on material • Entertaining and developed by professionals (ECD/didactics) • Translated into various languages and cultures • Training • Dialogue, dissemination, feedback, evaluation • Tailored to each country and community • International Network • Communication between teachers and development professionals worldwide • Exchange of ideas, experience and materials • Coordination of independent initiatives 5
  • 6. UNAWE as of October 2006 TIMELINE 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 PREPARATION DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTATION EVALUATION • 2009 International Year of Astronomy… 6
  • 7. 7
  • 8. UNAWE in SA • Diverse Communities – Rich cultures – Numerous languages • Similarities in needs – Across the country – With other UNAWE countries (India) • Existing Infrastructures and programmes • Ongoing Development (KAT, SKA, etc.) • Community development philosophy associated with large scientific projects MORE INFORMATION http://www.UNAWE.org/ email odman@strw.leidenuniv.nl 8