BAG TECHNIQUE Bag technique-a tool making use of public health bag through wh...
REFRENCING
1. In the name of Allah Kareem,
Most Beneficent, Most Gracious,
the Most Merciful !
2.
3.
4.
5. Referencing
Referencing means systematically
showing what information or ideas you are
quoting or paraphrasing, and where they
come from.
6. Why Reference?
Referencing is necessary to
Authenticate your research with evidence from literature
Acknowledge the original author
to enable readers follow-up the source
avoid plagiarism,
7. WHAT MUST I REFERENCE?
All work done by other researchers
Other writers' words
8. DIFFERENT REFERENCING
SYSTEMS
APA Referencing
Harvard Referencing
Oxford-Cambridge Referencing
MLA
AMA
APA (American Psychological Association) Style:
This system is primarily used by those writing in the social sciences.
10. In-text Reference
An in-text reference to show that a piece
of information, idea, quotation, etc. It is
always designed to be short because it is
interrupting the text.
Example:
Much of this research has demonstrated that there is relationships between
HR practices and firm profitability (Allen, 1996).
Author Name Year
11. End list Referencing
An End list reference to show the
detailed information of source. It includes
following contents
Example:
Allen, N. J. and Meyer, J. P. (1996) ‘Affective, continuance and normative commitment
and turnover’, Academy of Management Journal, 37: 670-87.
Contents Example
Author Name Allen, N. J. & Meyer, J. P. (1996)
Year 1996
Title Affective, continuance and normative
commitment and turnover
Journal Academy of Management Journal
Volume no 37
Page no 670-87
12. Examples
Source In-text Example End-List Example
Article Wharton (1996) Wharton, N. (1996). Health and safety in outdoor activity
centers. Journal of Adventure Education and outdoor
Leadership, 12(4), 8-9
Book Comfort (1997, p. 58) Comfort, A. (1997). A good age. London: Mitchell
Beazley.
Website Dawson & Smith, (2002) Dawson, J., Smith, L., (2002). Retrieved october 31,
2002, from
http://studytrekk.lis.curtin.edu.au/